12R22.5全钢轮胎成型机扇形块形状仿真优化

针对12R22.5全钢轮胎出现的轮胎胎圈部位内凹和胎体帘线抽出等缺陷,利用有限元分析技术对成型机扇形块轮廓形状进行优化。通过扇形块参数调整使其横向压紧力、垂向压紧力和胎圈部位面积达到优化目标,使用优化后的扇形块提高了成型胎坯工艺质量和稳定性,同时延长了成型胶囊使用寿命。     

全钢载重子午线轮胎肩部帘线弯曲问题分析

分析全钢载重子午线轮胎肩部帘线弯曲的产生原因,并提出解决措施.肩部帘线弯曲的主要原因为技术参数设计时成型平宽、胎坯外周长和钢丝圈平面宽设置过大;压延过程中钢丝帘线张力设置不合理,胎面、胎肩垫胶或复合三角胶的口型板磨损,预硫化工艺波动导致钢丝圈硫化程度不足,成型机钢丝圈夹持器以及胎体鼓或定型鼓胎圈撑块定位不准或发生漂移,成型压力过小或压辊压力过大,胎坯存放过程中发生变形以及硫化定型压力过大.采取措施后,可以有效解决全钢载重子午线轮胎肩部帘线弯曲问题.     

全钢载重子午线轮胎成型机扇形块改造及成型工艺改进

对全钢载重子午线轮胎成型机扇形块结构、胶条沟槽形状进行重新设计,使扇形块撑起后扇形块连接处缝隙减至最小,更接近于真圆,从而使胎坯胎圈处材料更紧实,防止胎体帘线内抽造成废品。相比同机型的产品,成品轮胎胎圈部位材料分布均匀,且成品轮胎胎圈气泡修品率下降至2.52%,胎圈耐久性能平均提高10%。     

12R22.5全钢载重子午线轮胎的设计

介绍12R22.5全钢载重子午线轮胎的设计。结构设计:轮胎外直径1 083mm,轮胎断面宽293mm,行驶面宽度238mm,行驶面弧度高8mm,胎圈着合直径570mm,胎圈着合宽度228mm,断面水平轴位置(H1/H2)0.950 6,花纹深度17mm,花纹饱和度73.6%,采用3条曲折主花纹沟设计。施工设计:胎面采用两方两块结构,胎体采用3+9+15×0.175+0.15钢丝帘线,1#,2#和3#带束层采用3×0.20+6×0.35HT钢丝帘线,4#带束层采用3×4×0.22HE钢丝帘线;采用三鼓一次法成型机成型,双模定型硫化机硫化。成品轮胎性能试验结果表明,轮胎充气外缘尺寸、强度性能和耐久性能符合国家标准要求,速度性能和胎圈耐久性能符合企业标准要求。     

12.00R20矿山专用全钢子午线轮胎的设计

介绍12.00R20矿山专用全钢子午线轮胎的设计。结构设计:外直径1132mm,断面宽312mm,行驶面宽度255mm,行驶面弧度高h=8mm,胎圈着合直径511mm,胎圈着合宽度230mm,胎面采用块状花纹,花纹深度25mm,花纹饱和度74.7%,花纹周节数27。施工设计:胎面冠部胶采用抗刺扎、抗切割和高耐磨胶料,基部胶采用低生热胶料,采用4层带束层+0°结构,1~#、2~#带束层采用3+8×0.33ST钢丝帘线,3~#、4~#带束层采用5×0.35HI钢丝帘线,0°带束层采用两层3×7×0.20HE钢丝帘线,胎体采用3+9+15×0.225ST钢丝帘线,采用三鼓一次法成型机成型、双模热板式硫化机硫化。成品轮胎性能试验结果表明,轮胎的充气外缘尺寸和耐久性能均达到相应国家标准。     

9.00R20 16PR增强型全钢载重子午线轮胎的设计

介绍9.00R20 16PR增强型全钢载重子午线轮胎的设计。结构设计：外直径1036mm,断面宽256mm,行驶面宽度196mm,行驶面弧度高7.0mm,胎圈着合直径509mm,胎圈着合宽度178mm,断面水平轴位置（H1/H2）1.027,花纹深度20.5mm,花纹周节数32,花纹饱和度69.1%,采用大花纹块加纵向花纹沟混合花纹设计。施工设计：胎体采用3×0.24/9×0.225＋0.15HT钢丝帘线,带束层采用2层2＋7×0.34HT钢丝帘线、1层3×4×0.22HE钢丝帘线和1层3×7×0.20HE钢丝帘线;采用三鼓一次法成型机成型,定型硫化机硫化。成品性能试验结果表明,成品轮胎充气外缘尺寸、强度性能和耐久性能均符合相应设计和国家标准要求,速度性能和胎圈耐久性能符合企业标准要求。     

385/55R19.5宽基无内胎全钢载重子午线轮胎的设计

介绍385/55R19.5宽基无内胎全钢载重子午线轮胎的设计。结构设计:外直径909 mm,断面宽391 mm,行驶面宽度320 mm,行驶面弧度高12.5 mm,胎圈着合直径493.5 mm,胎圈着合宽度324 mm,断面水平轴位置(H1/H2)0.87,采用4条纵向花纹沟设计,花纹深度13.5 mm,花纹饱和度83.9%,花纹周节数45。施工设计:胎面采用三方四块结构,胎体采用0.25+6+12×0.225HT钢丝帘线,2#和3#带束层采用3+8×0.33HT钢丝帘线,1#和4#带束层采用3×0.20+6×0.35HT钢丝帘线;采用两鼓成型机成型、热板式双模硫化机硫化。成品轮胎试验结果表明,轮胎充气外缘尺寸符合设计要求,强度性能、耐久性能和速度性能均达到相应标准要求。     

10R17.5 16PR无内胎全钢载重子午线轮胎的设计

介绍10R17.5 16PR无内胎全钢载重子午线轮胎的设计。结构设计:外直径854mm,断面宽250mm,行驶面宽度186mm,行驶面弧度高8mm,胎圈着合直径440mm,胎圈着合宽度203mm,断面水平轴位置(H1/H2)1.05,采用4条纵向曲折主花纹沟设计,花纹饱和度72%,花纹深度12mm,花纹周节数89。施工设计:胎面采用上层胶、基部胶和底部过渡胶3层设计,4层带束层均采用1×3×0.20+6×0.35HT钢丝帘线,胎体采用1×3+9×0.22+1×0.15钢丝帘线,采用两鼓一次法成型机成型、平板式硫化机硫化。成品性能试验结果表明,成品轮胎的充气外缘尺寸、强度性能和耐久性能符合相应设计和标准要求。     

12R22.5全钢载重子午线轮胎的设计

介绍12R22. 5全钢载重子午线轮胎的设计。结构设计:外直径1 082 mm,断面宽293 mm,行驶面宽度248 mm,行驶面弧度高8. 3 mm,胎圈着合直径570 mm,胎圈着合宽度228 mm,断面水平轴位置(H_1/H_2)0. 9198,采用纵向花纹沟为主的普通花纹,花纹深度18mm,花纹饱和度72. 8%。施工设计:胎面采用两方三块结构,胎体采用1层0. 25+6+12×0. 225HT钢丝帘线,1~#和2~#带束层采用3×0. 20+6×0. 35HT钢丝帘线,3#带束层采用5×0. 30HI钢丝帘线,0°带束层采用3×7×0. 22HE钢丝帘线,胎体、胎圈的安全倍数大于7;采用一次法两鼓成型机成型,双模定型硫化机硫化。成品性能试验结果表明,成品轮胎充气外缘尺寸、强度性能、耐久性能和高速性能符合相应设计和国家标准要求,耐久性能和高速性能均优于同规格对比轮胎。     

445/45R19.5宽基无内胎全钢载重子午线轮胎的设计

介绍445/45R19.5宽基无内胎全钢载重子午线轮胎的设计.结构设计：外直径896.5 mm,断面宽448mm,行驶面宽度400mm,行驶面弧度高15.5mm,胎圈着合直径493.5 mm,胎圈着合宽度394mm,断面水平轴位置（H1/H2） 0.87,采用以6条纵向花纹沟为主的胎面花纹,花纹饱和度 79.75％,花纹深度 13 mm,花纹周节数32.施工设计：胎面采用三方四块结构,2 #和3#带束层采用3＋8×0.33HT钢丝帘线,1 #和4#带束层采用3×0.20＋6×0.35HT钢丝帘线,胎体采用1＋6＋12×225HT钢丝帘线,采用两鼓成型机成型、热板式双模硫化机硫化.成品轮胎性能试验结果表明,轮胎的充气外缘尺寸符合设计要求,强度性能、耐久性能、速度性能和滚动阻力均达到相应标准要求.     

乙苯,苯乙烯的生产及合成乙苯,苯乙烯催化剂的研究进展

苯乙烯是重要的石油化工原料。本文介绍了国内外苯乙烯生产的发展概况，合成乙苯，苯乙烯所用的催化剂种类，并就苯乙烯生产及催化剂的发展趋势提出了自己的观点。     

Synthesis and characterization of homopolymers and copolymers of various acrylates and acrylonitrile

Various homopolymers and copolymers of methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, and acrylonitrile in different feed ratios were synthesized. These were characterized by IR, ¹³C-NMR, DSC, DTA, and TGA. Spectroscopic characterization helped in differentiating copolymers of different mol ratios. Thermal analysis revealed different degradation patterns for homopolymers and copolymers. The temperature and energy changes associated with various phase transitions were dependent on the chemical composition of homo- and copolymers, as expected. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

生物质气化及生物质与煤共气化技术的研发与应用

总结了生物质原料的特点及生物质单独气化的缺点;介绍了国内外生物质气化技术及生物质与煤共气化技术的研发与应用现状;分析了在此领域国内外的发展趋势与前景;概括了开展生物质与煤共气化技术研发的意义。     

责任和责任心的涵义与结构

责任是人应主动承担的角色义务和对其因过失所造成后果应承担的责罚.有两层涵义:一是义务;二是后果.责任心是个体自觉做好分内事务和履行道德义务的心理倾向,是个性心理品质成分中自我特征维度上的重要内容.责任心具有两个方面的涵义:一是角色分内职责;二是角色道德义务.责任心是一种通过责任认知、责任个性和责任适应的动态形式表现出来的静态品质,责任心是责任心过程结构与责任心关系结构相互制约、相互影响的统一体.     

二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵和丙烯酰胺的合成及应用

用复合引发体系(过硫酸盐-偶氮类引发剂)和脂肪胺类氧化还原体系引发,在实验室获得了单体转化率≥98%,特性粘数高于13.6 dL/g的阳离子共聚物PDA,探讨了控制聚合物分子量的影响因素.     

Comparison of the Adhesion and Cohesion of Triblock and Random Copolymers of Styrene and Butadiene

A substantially greater detachment energy is required to strip a polyethylene tereph-thalate (Mylar) film from a styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) triblock copolymer compared to that for peeling from a random styrene-butadiene (SBR) copolymer. This is true even though the intrinsic interaction between the Mylar and each elastomer is expected to be similar because of their virtually identical chemical composition. It is proposed that this difference in peel strength (between the SBS and SBR) is a consequence of the much higher dissipative capacity of the former elastomer. Another manifestation of this is the higher cohesive tear strength of the SBS compared to the SBR. Extents of energy dissipation within each elastomer during detachment of the Mylar adherend are consistent with the hypothesis that the average maximum stress experience before detachment is some similar fraction of each elastomer's tensile strength.     

Kinetics and Mechanism of Oxidation of Mono- and Polyacetals

Abstract

Kinetics and mechanisms of oxidation of 6 acetals by molecular oxygen and ozone in liquid phase have been studied. Reaction with molecular oxygen (70°C, 15–16 hr) leads to the formation monoethers of the corresponding glycols with 68–90% selectivity. Salts of metals and complexes with crown-ethers have increased the reaction rate significally. Ozone have reacted with acetals with formation similar products. The mechanisms of intermediate stages have been proposed.     

钾盐资源及钾肥供需情况分析及预测

阐述了国内外钾盐资源及钾肥生产现状,对国内外钾盐的供需形势进行了分析及预测,从资源、原材料、国际市场三方面提出了解决我国钾盐短缺的措施。     

Electronic structures and reactivities of monometallic and bimetallic clusters of Au and Cu

The variation of the Au 4f binding energy of Au clusters with the cluster size has been established by measuring the binding energies of clusters whose size distributions were independently determined by HREM and STM. The binding energy increases significantly when the cluster size is less than 2 nm. Au-Cu bimetallic clusters of the composition Cu₃Au have been deposited for the first time on carbon substrates. The shifts in the core level binding energies of the bimetallic clusters show the effect of alloying in the case of large clusters, but show effects of both alloying and cluster size in the case of the small clusters. The interaction of CO with Cu₃Au clusters is stronger than with a bulk Cu metal. The interaction of CO with small Cu clusters also seems to be stronger than with bulk Cu or with large Cu clusters.     

Wetting properties of homopolymers and copolymers of pentafluorostyrene and methylacrylate and homopolymer blends

Polypentafluorostyrene (PPFS), polymethylacrylate (PMA), and poly(pentafluorostyrene-co-methylacrylate), poly(PFS-co-MA) were prepared and the wetting characteristics of polymer blends of PPFS and PMA were compared with that of poly(PFS-co-MA) via contact angle measurements. The critical surface tension of polypentafluorostyrene was found to be 22.6 dyne/cm, which is comparable to the value reported for polytrifluoroethylene (22 dyne/cm). The critical surface tension of poly(PFS-co-MA) is not linearly related to its composition. The polymer blends of PPFS and PMA exhibit significant surface enrichment of the fluoropolymer. The harmonic-mean method¹ was employed to determine surface tensions of these polymers and many known polymers. It is found that the method produces useful surface tension data provided the contact angle values are derived from testing liquids of dissimilar polarity.