混合三维分布估计算法求解分布式加工装配和车辆配送集成调度问题

本文针对一类广泛存在的分布式加工装配和车辆配送集成调度问题（Integrated Scheduling Problem of Distributed Production Assembly and Vehicle Delivery,ISP＿DPAVD）,以最小化运输和延迟惩罚总成本为优化目标,提出一种混合三维分布估计算法（Hybrid three-Dimensional Estimation of Distribution Algorithm,H3DEDA）进行求解.ISP＿DPAVD包含两个耦合的子问题,即加工装配阶段子问题（子问题1）和车辆配送阶段子问题（子问题2）.由于每个子问题1的解（部分解1）均会确定1个具体的子问题2,故ISP＿DPAVD的解空间非常庞大.根据这一特点,在H3DEDA中,先设计结合邻域变换的启发式规则来快速获取子问题2的优良解,以实现子问题间的部分解耦并明显缩减搜索空间,再设计三维EDA引导的全局搜索和变邻域驱动的局部搜索来获取ISP＿DPAVD的高质量解.通过在不同规模测试问题上的仿真实验和算法比较,验证了H3DEDA求解ISP＿DPAVD的有效性.     

车间调度问题的量子粒子群优化算法设计

针对粒子群优化算法搜索空间有限、容易出现早熟现象的缺陷,将量子粒子群优化算法用于求解车间调度问题,按照量子粒子群优化算法的进化规则在调度空间内搜索最优解,并对量子粒子群算法的参数选择进行了研究。以典型的Job-Shop调度问题作为实验对象,实验结果表明QPSO算法相对PSO算法具有较好的全局搜索能力。     

基于蚁群算法的有时间窗车辆调度问题的研究

有时间窗的车辆调度问题（vSPITw）是一个复杂的非线性组合优化问题，一般运用分阶段方法求解。现将蚁群算法应用于车辆调度问题，设计动态确定车辆数和随机搜索路径的新方法，实现车辆数和路径长度的同时优化，并对蚁群算法的信息素更新规则进行了改进，以优化其搜索能力和加快收敛速度。同时给出了算法的实现过程，通过对实例求解，取得了满意的结果。     

面向密集多波束组网的卫星通信系统资源调度算法

研究了高动态、资源受限条件下的卫星通信系统资源调度问题。以时间窗口、卫星功耗、信道数量、用户优先级以及任务突发性为约束,建立了卫星资源调度模型。考虑到传统的蚁群优化算法存在初期搜索速度过慢、局部搜索能力较弱以及易陷入局部最优等缺点,提出了以初始解集构造、额外信息素沉积为核心的改进蚁群优化算法,来求解资源调度问题。仿真实验评估了所提资源调度算法在完成任务的数量、优先级和调度完成时间方面的性能。实验结果表明,所提算法具有较快的收敛速度,且与同类型优化算法相比具有更高的调度效率,适用于调度面向密集多波束组网需求的卫星通信系统资源。     

求解Job shop的一种快速混合算法

结合车间调度问题本身的特点,采用关键路径块邻域结构,混合禁忌搜索算法和粒子群优化算法,设计了一种快速混合调度算法.该算法对预选择的块邻域解的性能进行快速估计,对不可行解尽早舍去,大大减小了邻域解的搜索空间.仿真结果表明,该算法在求解平均时间和性能方面均具备明显优势.     

连锁企业物流车辆调度模型及优化设计

讨论了连锁经营企业物流车辆调度问题并建立数学模型,利用改进的遗传算法优化设计车辆调度路径.该算法兼顾时间限制和路径长度的需求,针对连锁企业特点改进了编码方法,交叉方法以及选择操作,经实验证明该算法能较快地求出中小型连锁企业的车辆调度有效路径.     

网格工作流动态调度研究

现有的网格工作流调度算法大都利用遗传算法所具有的并行性和全局解空间搜索的特点来解决工作流调度问题.但是,现有的调度算法没有对动态调度问题进行处理.文中针对网格服务的动态性,提出了服务资源信息中心的概念并给出了网格工作流管理系统的体系结构.在现有的基于遗传算法的网格工作流调度算法的基础上提出了网格服务工作流动态调度算法,补充了不同工作流过程模型的适应度函数的计算.     

基于.Net用车申请管理模块的设计与实现

在学校的日常办公过程中,经常会遇到申请学校车辆外出办公的情况,如何帮助学校更好的管理车辆申请,同时能够智能算出每学期各部门的用车情况及用车费用,有利于学校用车资源的优化配置。本用车申请管理模块基于.NET的三层架构,采用B/S开发模式,使用ASP.NET来实现动态管理车辆申请,数据库管理采用SQL Server 2008 R2。主要实现的功能有:车辆申请及租车申请、部门审核、司机派车管理、车辆预算管理、车辆资料维护,每日车辆检查、车辆检查审核及司机资料管理等功能。     

基于GPS/BD-2的军队车辆监控系统设计

针对军队中如何对军车进行有效监控和调度,提高战时物资投递效率的问题,提出了一种基于GPS/BD-2的军队车辆监控系统的设计。该系统采用信息化手段,依托北斗二代和GPS组合定位系统,设计了GPS/BD-2车载终端、信息处理服务器和指挥调度终端三部分,实现了车辆身份与入网管理、车辆管理、车辆监控、报警管理、统计查询、系统管理等业务需求。本系统提供更加精准的定位服务,满足了信息化条件下军队车辆保障的需求,促进部队车辆建设安全、科学发展。     

基于变领域遗传算法的生产流水线物流调度

生产计划和调度是制造企业的核心问题,工件的延迟或提前会带来额外库存、价格变动、产品损耗等多种问题。文中基于准时化模式的生产理念,研究考虑机器准备时间的两阶段生产流水线物流的工件最佳排序问题。以最小化最大拖期和提前期为目标函数,提出了一种变邻域遗传搜索算法。该算法将遗传算法求得的最优解作为变邻域搜索的初始解,利用变邻域搜索较好的局部搜索能力进行精细搜索,以提高算法的求解质量。通过仿真实验和算法比较验证了变邻域遗传搜索算法的有效性。     

基于Java的汽车租赁系统的设计与实现

当前我国已经跻身于世界汽车大国,汽车租赁市场也日趋活跃,一个好的汽车租赁管理系统对于汽车租赁公司而言,可以大大降低工作量,节约成本,提高效率。主要从设计的角度来阐述一个汽车租赁系统的设计和实现,能够为汽车租赁系统的开发带来一定的帮助。     

Requirements for the application of ECUs in e-mobility originally qualified for gasoline cars

Electronic control units (ECUs) are widely spread over the automotive industry with lots of applications. At this time more than 100 ECUs are used in a medium-sized vehicle. Development, test and qualification of ECUs are time and cost extensive. That is why they are often used in more than one generation and more than one model of vehicles. Present ECUs are developed and qualified for vehicles with combustion engines. Since the introduction of hybrid and fully electrical cars the requirements on the ECUs changed drastically. With respect to the engine ECUs temperature maxima is lower. On the other hand due to charging the batteries and other continuous voltage stresses, the time of operation (active and passive) is massively growing. The central question is: Is it possible to use ECUs qualified for gasoline car in electric cars without any reliability risks?To answer this question we start with a comparison of mission profiles of electrical cars and combustion engine cars. Based on the mission profiles we show the different requirements on the electronics robustness and use time. Afterwards we investigate the qualification process of an exemplary ECU from a combustion engine car and identify differences in comparison to the hybrid and fully electrical variant. As an example, a measurement of temperatures in a car driven under reasonably realistic conditions indicates the influence of the combustion engine on the thermal behaviour of the electronics as a key driver for failures. We provide a generic procedure that can be used for the design of future ECUs and compare it with expected temperature distributions in electric cars. Based on our results recommendations for the applicability of the use of existing ECUs in electric cars are discussed.     

声音导向小车的设计与仿真

声音导向系统在搜寻生命痕迹中具有重要的现实意义,可以通过声强传感器获知待救人员的地址位置。目前声音导向小车主要类型有:通过语音识别来控制小车,通过发射接收声波信号的时间间隔判断位置、控制小车。这些智能车硬件和软件设计较为复杂。这里以AT89C51单片机为核心,以驻级话筒作为声强传感器,用L298N作为电机驱动芯片,设计制作了一种声音导引系统,并使用软件进行仿真。单片机根据传感器接收到的声强信号判断声源位置,控制电机的运转,使小车运动到目标位置。使用Proteus 7.8软件给出了仿真方案和仿真结果,可以实现追踪声源目标的功能。该设计提出了新的方案,系统设计结构简单可靠,性能良好。     

基于RFID和卫星导航技术的车距监测预警系统

设计了一种基于RFID(无线射频识别)和卫星导航技术的车距监测预警系统.系统通过卫星导航芯片获取车辆精确的地理信息,采用nRF2401射频模块实现车辆之间的相互通信,应用凌阳单片机实现车距的快速精确计算和系统控制.系统能够为高速行驶的汽车提供实时的周边车辆车距信息,并及时提供车距预警.经过测试,本系统应用高效可靠,可有...     

航空图片中车辆的检测方法研究

本文提出了一种航空图片中车辆目标的检测方法。我们的检测过程分为三步，首先对图像进行旋转，使感兴趣的方向在图中为垂直方向，然后分别水平边缘和垂直边缘，利用车辆在航空图片中所呈现出来矩形轮廓特征对潜在的目标进行初步定位，然后提取的目标的区域投影特征对目标进行进一步的识别。算法利用了图像中目标的边缘特征和区域信息，可以进行完全自动检测识别，速度也较快，实验证明我们的算法对于航空图片中车辆的检测是很有效的。     

A total highway communications system using F1-F1repeaters

As part of the future improvement of the nation's highways, the Bureau of Public Roads is planning a two-way communications system. This system will incorporate various sensors to provide for better control and also many safety and convenience services which would be desirable for more efficient use of the highways. A unique radio system confined to highway right-of-way which is economical and has the inherent growth capability which would be required for a nationwide system is outlined. The design concept makes use of recently developed F1-F1repeater techniques which would result in a nationwide system requiring only two radio frequencies, one from the headquarters' control to the cars or trucks and one from the car to the headquarters. The highly stable roadside frequency is transmitted from the local headquarters' control point and confined to the highways on an F1-F1repeater system. The car equipment is a transponder unit whose frequency is controlled by the highway system. Automatic location identification of the car signal is provided. Signals can be either voice or digital. For growth and integration with other special services such as car or truck identification, traffic control, route guidance, etc., time-sharing channels can be added to both the highway system and to those cars that require it.     

On Self-Interested Agents in Vehicular Networks With Car-to-Car Gossiping

As more and more cars are equipped with Global Positioning System (GPS) and Wi-Fi transmitters, it becomes easier to design systems that will allow cars to autonomously interact with each other, e.g., regarding traffic on the roads. Indeed, car manufacturers are already equipping their cars with such devices. Although, currently, these systems are a proprietary, we envision a natural evolution where agent applications will be developed for vehicular systems, e.g., to improve car routing in dense urban areas. Nonetheless, this new technology and agent applications may lead to the emergence of self-interested car owners, who will care more about their own welfare than the social welfare of their peers. These car owners will try to manipulate their agents such that they transmit false data to their peers. Using a simulation environment, which models a real transportation network in a large city, we demonstrate the benefits that are achieved by self-interested agents if no countermeasures are implemented. We then proceed to describe the mechanisms for minimizing the effect of the malicious agents on other agents in the network.      

出租车市场信息管理系统

计算机的最大好处在于利用它能够进行信息管理,因此,各大出租车公司就先后搭建了各类信息管理系统,诸如叫车系统,客服系统等,逐渐形成了数字化租车的管理概念。     

Creative destruction [car crash testing]

Crashing cars-lots of them-is how Volvo safety engineer Daniel Hedqvist earns his living. Running cars into steel barriers or other cars or the sides of mountains is his job. These days the Swede rigging up plenty of Fords for crash tests. Ford owns the prestigious Volvo, Jaguar, and Aston Martin car companies, and has made Sweden its center of excellence for vehicle safety testing. There's a good reason why the second-largest US car maker has ceded this area of expertise to a non-US supplier: few auto companies have won as many awards for car safety as Volvo. This article discusses safety testing of cars at Volvo using virtual crashes and real crashes. The unique features of the test facilities are briefly outlined including the two intersecting test tracks: a 154-meter fixed track and an 80-meter movable one that can be turned as much as 90 degrees. Front and side collisions can thus be tested at virtually all angles. If the back door at the end of the movable track is opened, cars can be sent flying directly into the rocky hillside outside. For so-called barrier tests, a single car on the fixed track hurtles into an 850-ton block at the far end.