长链非编码RNA CCAT-2在肝细胞癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的探讨长链非编码RNA结肠癌相关转录因子-2(LncRNA CCAT-2)在肝细胞癌(HCC)组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法采用实时荧光定量PCR(QPCR)法检测CCAT-2在60例经手术切除术后病理证实为HCC的癌组织及其配对癌旁组织中的差异性表达,并分析CCAT-2表达水平与患者的性别、年龄、HBs Ag、术前甲胎蛋白(AFP)水平、肿瘤大小、肿瘤数目、肿瘤分期、门脉癌栓和分化程度等临床病理参数间的关系。结果 CCAT-2在HCC组织中的相对表达量为5.26±2.08,与癌旁组织比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.001);CCAT-2表达与性别、年龄、HBs Ag及肿瘤数目无关(P>0.05),而与AFP水平、肿瘤大小、肿瘤分期、门脉癌栓和分化程度有关(P<0.05)。结论 CCAT-2可能在HCC的发生发展、浸润和转移过程中起到了一个推动作用。     

AFP在原发性肝癌组织和血清中的表达与临床、病理的相关性研究

目的探讨AFP在原发性肝癌组织中的表达及临床意义。方法对108例原发性肝癌(primary hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)组织、76例癌旁组织、10例正常肝组织AFP表达进行免疫组化检测,并分析其与临床参数之间的关系。结果 HCC的AFP表达与肿瘤分化程度、预后有关(P<0.05),与肿瘤大小无关(P>0.05);HCC中AFP表达与血清AFP测定值曲线不完全一致,但大体走势基本相同。结论原发性肝癌组织中AFP水平可作为判断HCC恶性程度及预后的指标。     

去γ-羧基凝血酶原对原发性肝细胞癌的诊断价值

目的：探讨血清肿瘤标志物去γ-羧基凝血酶原（des-γ-carboxy prothrombin,DCP）对原发性肝细胞癌（hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC）的诊断价值。方法：172例研究对象分为正常对照组（25例）、慢性肝炎组（20例）、肝硬化组（51例）及HCC组（76例）,用酶联免疫法（ELISA）测定血清DCP浓度,同时用电化学发光免疫法（ECLIA）测定血清AFP浓度,对比分析DCP、AFP及两者联合检测对HCC患者诊断的灵敏度、特异度和准确度,并对HCC病灶大小、门静脉癌栓浸润及背景肝病等临床病理特征与DCP、AFP作相关性分析。结果：正常对照组、慢性肝炎组、肝硬化组及HCC组的DCP平均浓度分别为17．72&#177;9．59、26．12&#177;12．64、37．45&#177;18．26和806．71&#177;639．79mAU／ml,可见DCP浓度在四组间呈递增趋势（P〈0．05）,且HCC组DCP浓度显著高于其它三组（P〈0．01）。正常对照组、慢性肝炎组、肝硬化组及HCC组AFP平均浓度分别为7．93&#177;5．42、14．59&#177;11．91、16．29&#177;14．10和547．47&#177;544．98ng／ml,HCC组AFP浓度也明显高于其它三组（P〈0．01）。统计分析显示血清DCP、AFP对HCC诊断阳性率分别为78．95％、73．68％,而两项联合使用对HCC诊断阳性率提高至89．47％。较大病灶（〉5cm）、门静脉癌栓（PVI）阳性HCC患者的DCP浓度高于小病灶、PVI阴性HCC患者;HBSAg阳性HCC患者DCP浓度高于HBSAg阴性HCC患者。结论：DCP对HCC具有较好的诊断价值,其浓度与HCC的病灶大小、门静脉癌栓浸润等,临床病理特征相关,且不受HBV感染的影响,适用于我国以HBV感染为背景肝病的HCC诊断,其灵敏度及特异度较AFP高,联合DCP、AFP检测能明显提高HCC的诊断率。     

去γ-羚基凝血酶原对原发性肝细胞癌的诊断价值

目的:探讨血清肿瘤标志物去γ-羧基凝血酶原(des-γ-carboxy prothrombin,DCP)对原发性肝细胞癌(hepatocellularcarcinoma,HCC)的诊断价值.方法:172例研究对象分为正常对照组(25例)、慢性肝炎组(20例)、肝硬化组(51例)及HCC组(76例),用酶联免疫法(EusA)测定血清DCP浓度,同时用电化学发光免疫法(ECLIA)测定血清AFP浓度,对比分析DCP、AFP及两者联合检测对HCC患者诊断的灵敏度、特异度和准确度,并对HCC病灶大小、门静脉癌栓浸润及背景肝病等临床病理特征与DCP、AFP作相关性分析.结果:正常对照组、慢性肝炎组、肝硬化组及HCC组的DCP平均浓度分别为17.72±9.59、26.12±12.64、37.45±18.26和806.71±639.79mAU/ml,可见DCP浓度在四组间呈递增趋势(P<0.05),且HCC组DCP浓度显著高于其它三组(P<0.01).正常对照组、慢性肝炎组、肝硬化组及HCC组AFP平均浓度分别为7.93±5.42、14.59±11.91、16.29±14.10和547.47±544.98ng/ml,HCC组AFP浓度也明显高于其它三组(P<0.01).统计分析显示血清DCP、AFP对HCC诊断阳性率分别为78.95%、73.68%,而两项联合使用对HCC诊断阳性率提高至89.47%.较大病灶(>5cm)、门静脉癌栓(PVI)阳性HCC患者的DCP浓度高于小病灶、PVI阴性HCC患者;HBSAg阳性HCC患者DCP浓度高于HBSAg阴性HCC患者.结论:DCP对HCC具有较好的诊断价值,其浓度与HCC的病灶大小、门静脉癌栓浸润等临床病理特征相关,且不受HBV感染的影响,适用于我国以HBV感染为背景肝病的HCC诊断.其灵敏度及特异度较AFP高.联合DCP、AFP检测能明显提高HCC的诊断率.     

环氧化酶-2在肝细胞癌及癌旁肝硬化中表达及意义

[ 目的]探讨环氧化酶2（COX-2）在肝细胞癌（HCC）、癌旁肝硬化和正常肝组织中的表达及其意义。[方法]应用免疫组织化学法检测30例HCC石蜡包埋组织、25例癌旁肝硬化组织及10例正常肝组织标本中COX-2的表达情况，分析其与肝细胞癌临床病理特征间的联系。[结果]COX-2蛋白在HCC、癌旁肝硬化中表达阳性率分别为70．0％和92．O％，显著高于在正常肝组织中的20．0％（P〈0．05）．而COX-2在癌旁肝硬化组织中的表达高于HCC组织。COX-2蛋白在分化好HCC中的表达显著高于分化差的HCC（P〈0．05），转移组中COX-2蛋白表达显著高于无转移组（P〈0．01）；而COX-2蛋白的表达与肿瘤大小、有无包膜及AFP水平无关。[结论]COX-2蛋白在肝细胞癌、癌旁肝硬化组织中高表达，表明COX-2可能在肝细胞癌的发生、发展过程中起着重要作用。     

肿瘤标志物PIVKA-II在原发性肝癌诊断中的价值

【摘要】 目的 探讨血清异常凝血酶原（PIVKA-II）检测在原发性肝癌诊断中的价值。方法 收集2016年3月至2017年3月徐州医科大学附属医院收治的患者及体检健康者共298例。其中,肝细胞性肝癌（HCC）组184例、肝内胆管细胞癌组11例、胃肠道恶性肿瘤组10例、慢性乙型肝炎肝硬化组73例、健康对照组20例。采用酶联免疫吸附法检测各组血清PIVKA-II水平,分析其与血清AFP水平和临床病理的关系。结果 HCC组血清PIVKA-II和AFP水平均高于其它各组（P<0.05）。HCC组患者PIVKA-IIROC曲线下面积优于AFP（P<0.05）。PIVKA-II诊断HCC的灵敏度为81.5%,高于AFP的64.7%（P<0.05）。血清PIVKA-II 水平与肿瘤大小、数目、门静脉/肝静脉癌栓以及TNM分期相关（P<0.05）。结论 血清PIVKA-II检测有助于肝细胞性肝癌的诊断和临床病理预估。     

EGF mRNA和EGFR mRNA在肝细胞癌组织中的表达及其意义

背景和目的有众多证据表明表皮生长因子受体(epidermalgrowthfactorreceptor,EGFR)家族在一系列恶性肿瘤的发生发展中起重要作用,但EGFR与肝癌的关系目前尚未明确。本文旨在探讨表皮生长因子(epidermalgrowthfactor,EGF)及其受体的mRNA在人肝细胞癌(hepatocellularcarcinoma,HCC)组织中的表达及其意义。方法用逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)技术检测60例HCC患者癌组织及癌旁肝组织中EGFmRNA和EGFRmRNA的表达情况。结果EGFmRNA阳性率在肝癌组织中(60%,36/60)显著低于癌旁组织(80%,48/60)(P<0.05);EGFRmRNA阳性率在肝癌组织中(60%,36/60)显著高于癌旁组织(41.67%,25/60)(P<0.05)。EGFRmRNA在肝癌组织中的检出率与临床分期、门静脉癌栓、肝外转移、术后复发、肿瘤数目等明显有关,而与肿瘤直径、血清AFP水平、分化程度以及癌旁肝硬化无明显关系。EGFmRNA检出率与肿瘤直径明显有关,而与临床分期、门静脉癌栓、肝外转移、术后复发、肿瘤数目、血清AFP水平、分化程度以及癌旁肝硬化等无明显关系。结论本研究结果提示EGF可能与肝癌的发生、发展无关;而EGFR与肝癌的发生、发展及术后复发有关;可作为预测肝癌复发、转移的参考指标。     

3种肿瘤标记物联合检测对肝细胞癌切除术后再次复发的预测价值

目的：研究肿瘤标记物α-甲胎蛋白（AFP）、甲胎蛋白抑制体（AFP-L3）及脱-γ-羧基-凝血酶原（DCP）对肝细胞癌（ HCC）患者行肝切除术后复发的预测价值。方法收集行HCC肿瘤病灶根治性切除术的患者58例,考察患者的基本情况以及血清DCP、AFP及AFP-L3水平与HCC术后复发率的关系。结果术后血清AFP、DCP及AFP-L3水平均升高的患者复发率均明显提高。多因素分析结果显示：HCC患者肝切除术前血清AFP、DCP及AFP-L3联合检测与术后复发率无相关性[1．13（0．804～1．479）,P＞0．05],而术后血清AFP、DCP及AFP-L3联合检测则是影响术后复发率的独立因素[3．68（1．711～3．798）,P＜0．01]。结论血清中肿瘤标记物AFP、DCP及AFP-L3联合检测对HCC患者肝切除术后复发监测敏感有效,为HCC术后疗效评估及追踪复查提供了一条新途径。     

B-myb在人肝细胞癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的:探讨B-myb的mRNA在人肝细胞癌(hepatocellularcarcinoma,HCC)组织中的表达及其意义。方法:用荧光实时定量聚合酶链反应(RealtimePCR)技术检测70例HCC患者癌组织、癌旁肝组织及18例正常肝组织中B-mybmRNA的表达情况。结果:B-mybmRNA在HCC组织(0·0375±0·0168)及癌旁肝组织(0·0353±0·0128)中的表达水平明显高于在正常肝组织(0·0265±0·0099)中的表达水平,P<0·05,而在HCC组织及癌旁肝组织中的表达水平差异无统计学意义,P>0·05。B-myb在人HCC组织中的表达与临床分期、肝外转移及术后复发明显有关,而与门静脉癌栓、肿瘤个数、肿瘤直径、血清AFP水平及分化程度无明显关系。结论:B-myb可能与HCC的发生、发展有关。     

肝细胞肝癌组织SATB1表达及其临床意义的研究

目的:探讨肝细胞肝癌(HCC)组织中SATB1的表达及其临床意义。方法:用RT-PCR方法和蛋白质印迹法检测40例HCC组织及对应的癌旁组织中SATB1的表达,并分析SATB1蛋白的表达程度与患者临床病理参数、术后复发与转移的关系。结果:HCC组织中SATB1蛋白的表达明显高于癌旁组织,P<0.001。癌组织中SATB1蛋白表达的高低与AFP、肿瘤大小、癌栓、病理分化、TNM分级、术后复发转移有关系,P<0.05;与性别、年龄、乙型肝炎表面抗原、丙型肝炎抗体、肿瘤的数目、肝硬化和包膜无关,P>0.05。结论:SATB1蛋白的表达与HCC的复发转移有关,SATB1有望成为HCC复发与转移的一个新的预后指标。     

Clinicopathologic correlation of serum tissue polypeptide specific antigen in hepatocellular carcinoma

OBJECTIVE: Recently, tissue polypeptide specific antigen (TPS) has been introduced as a cell proliferation marker. Little is known about its clinical significance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to clarify serum TPS levels and tumor invasiveness of HCC. METHODS: Serum TPS levels were determined with a monoclonal TPS IRMA assay in 69 patients with HCC. A correlation between serum TPS levels and clinical, biochemical, and pathological features was sought and compared with that of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). In 57 healthy subjects, 56 patients with biopsy-proven chronic hepatitis and in 49 patients with liver cirrhosis, serum TPS levels were assayed and compared. RESULTS: Serum TPS levels were significantly correlated with glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (p < 0.0001), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (p < 0.001), and lactate dehydrogenase (p = 0.027). There tended to be a positive relationship between serum TPS levels and tumor size, histological differentiation, capsular invasion, portal invasion, and clinical staging, although it did not reach statistical significance. A significant correlation, however, was observed between AFP and tumor size (p = 0.01), number (p = 0.042), histological grading (p = 0.028), portal invasion (p = 0.009), and clinical staging (p = 0.03). Patients with HCC had significantly higher TPS than healthy subjects (p < 0.001). However, there was substantial overlap between patients with HCC, chronic hepatitis, and liver cirrhosis. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that serum TPS is not significantly related to tumor invasiveness in patients with HCC. Serum TPS levels are affected by the proliferative activity of the underlying chronic liver disease, which is frequently associated with HCC in Chinese patients. As a cell proliferation marker, serum TPS should be interpreted cautiously in the presence of chronic liver disease.     

Clinical Value of Hepatoma-Specific Alpha-Fetoprotein in the Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant tumor worldwide and the number 2 cause of cancer mortality in Chi- na.[1] It often develops in cases of liver cirrhosis and chronic hepati- tis. [1-3] Advanced imaging procedures including utrasonograph…     

乙型肝炎病毒感染与肝细胞癌发生的关系

目的：探讨乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）的可能致癌机理，方法：采用免疫组化和原位分子杂交方法，对慢性乙型肝炎，肝硬化，癌旁肝硬化，肝细胞癌和正常肝组织中的乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg)，核心抗原（HBcAg),HBV,DNA和甲胎蛋白（AFP）水平进行检测。结果：HBsAg,HBcAg和HBV DNA的阳性率在慢性乙型肝炎组中分别为61．9％（13／21），42．9％（9／21），75．0％（12／16），在肝硬化组中分别为64．0％（16／25），36．0（9／25），83．3％（15／18），在癌旁肝硬化组中分别为72．7％（16／22），61．1％（11／18），85．7％（12／14），在肝细胞癌组中分别为45．2％（14／31），50．0％（14／28），64．3％（9／14），慢性乙型肝炎，肝硬化和癌旁肝硬化组中HBV DNA阳性信号较肝细胞癌多而,AFP主在癌旁肝硬化（33．3％，9／27）和肝细胞癌（43．6％，17／39）组中表达，而在慢性肝炎和肝硬化组中不表达，癌旁肝硬化与不伴肝癌的肝硬化有非常显著性差异（P＜0．01），结论：大多数肝细胞癌的发生与HBV感染所致的慢性乙型肝炎和肝硬化密切相关，癌旁肝硬化可能是癌前肝硬化在癌周的残留。     

The value of serum tissue polypeptide specific antigen in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma

BACKGROUND: Tissue polypeptide specific antigen (TPS) recently was introduced as an indicator of cell proliferation in various tumors. The authors investigated the value of serum TPS as a complement to alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Chinese patients. METHODS: Serum TPS and AFP levels were measured by monoclonal immunoradiometric assay in 85 subjects (52 males and 33 females): 26 with HCC, 30 with chronic hepatitis (CH), and 29 healthy controls. RESULTS: Patients with HCC had significantly higher TPS levels compared with healthy controls (P < 0.05). However, the difference between the HCC and CH groups was not significant (P = 0.18). The sensitivity and specificity of TPS were 73.1% and 71.2%, respectively, with a cutoff value of 164 U/L for HCC diagnosis. TPS had lower discriminatory power compared with AFP (72.1% vs. 79.2%). In addition, TPS had a much lower specificity compared with AFP (89.1%). Combining the cutoff values for serum TPS and AFP levels in a pessimistic prognostic rule increased the sensitivity by 11.6% from 69.2% using serum AFP levels alone, but reduced the diagnostic power by 3.7% to 75.5% due to an 18.9% decrease in specificity to 70.2%. CONCLUSIONS: Using TPS alone offers no advantage over AFP for the diagnosis of HCC in Chinese patients. In conjunction with AFP, TPS reduced the false-negative rate. However, the clinical utility of the combined prognostic rule is limited due to the poor discriminatory power of TPS for HCC and CH. Therefore, the use of serum TPS levels in the detection of HCC is not recommended.     

Prognostic factors for survival in patients with compensated cirrhosis and small hepatocellular carcinoma after percutaneous ethanol injection therapy.

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to identify clinical, biochemical, ultrasound, and/or pathologic parameters capable of predicting survival in a cohort of patients with well compensated cirrhosis and small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who were treated with percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI). METHODS: The study group included 111 patients with Child--Pugh Class A cirrhosis and with one (93 patients) or two (18 patients) HCC nodules measuring < 5 cm in greatest dimension. All patients underwent multisession PEI. The prognostic values of pretreatment and post-treatment variables were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: The overall 3-year and 5-year survival rates of 62% and 41%, respectively, were not influenced by age, gender, duration of chronic hepatitis, serum albumin, prothrombin time ratio, total bilirubin, gamma-glutamyl transferase, hepatitis B surface antigen, antihepatitis C virus, HCC size, HCC ultrasound pattern, HCC histologic or cytologic grading, greatest spleen dimension, esophageal varices, or ascites. Levels of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) > 14 ng/mL (P < 0.006), alanine aminotransferase > 75 IU/L (P < 0.04), and aspartate aminotransferase > 80 IU/L (P < 0.009) and platelet count < 92 x 10(9)/L (P < 0.02) before treatment were independent predictors of decreased survival. Among post-treatment parameters, AFP levels 6 months after PEI > 13.3 ng/mL (P < 0.003) and HCC recurrence in another segment of the liver (P < 0.04) were linked to decreased survival in univariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with Child--Pugh Class A cirrhosis with small uninodular or binodular HCC who are treated with multisession PEI, those with elevated serum AFP and transaminase levels and low platelet count before treatment are characterized by decreased survival. During follow-up, intrahepatic recurrence of the tumor is the main factor affecting survival.     

原发性肝癌的免疫状态与预后的相关性分析

目的 :探讨原发性肝细胞癌 (hepato cellularcarcinoma ,HCC )的细胞免疫学状态及其与预后的相关性。方法 :应用流式细胞仪和ELISA方法测定 3 5例HCC患者和 2 0位正常献血员的CD 3 、CD 4、CD 8、CD 4/CD 8、NK细胞和AFP。结果 :1)HCC患者CD 3 、CD 4、CD 4/CD 8、NK细胞活性明显低于正常人 ,P <0 0 1,CD 8高于正常人 ,P <0 0 5 ;2 ) 3 5例中伴有门静脉癌栓或肝内转移者 10例 ,T细胞亚群及NK细胞活性明显低于不伴有门静脉癌栓者 2 5例 ,P <0 0 5 ;3 )机体的细胞免疫学状态与AFP无明显相关性。结论 :HCC患者的细胞免疫功能处于抑制状态 ,且与肿瘤细胞的侵袭活性有关。     

Paraneoplastic syndromes in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in Taiwan.

BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common malignancy in Taiwan. Some patients may manifest paraneoplastic syndromes during the clinical course of the disease. In this study, the authors evaluated the clinical significance of these paraneoplastic syndromes, compared the prevalence of these syndromes between cases of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related and hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related HCC, and estimated significant predictors associated with the syndromes. METHODS: Clinical data on 1197 HCC patients, including age, gender, Child-Pugh score, survival time, laboratory data (including liver biochemistry, hepatitis markers, and serum alpha-fetoprotein [AFP]), and tumor features (including tumor size, portal vein thrombosis, and histologic pictures), were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: A total of 232 of 1197 patients (19.4%) had paraneoplastic syndromes. HCC patients with paraneoplastic syndromes had significantly higher serum AFP; higher rates of initial main portal vein thrombosis, metastasis, and bilobal tumor involvement; larger tumor volume; and shorter survival than those without these syndromes. Patients with HBV-related HCC had a significantly higher prevalence of paraneoplastic syndromes than patients with HCV-related HCC (20.1% vs. 11.2%, P = 0.005). In a stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis, AFP >50,000 ng/mL and tumor volume >30% were significant predictive variables associated with the presence of paraneoplastic syndromes in HCC patients. CONCLUSIONS: HCC patients with paraneoplastic syndromes usually had higher levels of serum AFP and larger tumor volumes than those without. Patients with HBV-related HCC had a significantly higher prevalence of paraneoplastic syndromes than those with HCV-related HCC.     

Elevations in serum alpha-fetoprotein levels in patients with chronic hepatitis B

In a retrospective analysis of 166 patients with chronic hepatitis B followed for up to 8 years, 22 patients had 29 episodes of elevations in serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels. Twenty-five episodes were due to a transient exacerbation of the underlying hepatitis and 11 of these episodes were followed by a loss of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) from serum and a remission in disease. Two patients were found to have hepatocellular carcinoma. No apparent cause could be found in a further two episodes of AFP elevation. In comparison to 144 patients with normal levels, the 22 with AFP elevations were more likely to have cirrhosis (61% versus 13%, P = 0.01), to die a liver-related death (27% versus 0.7%, P = 0.0007) and to have hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (9% versus 0%, P = 0.002). These findings confirm that AFP can be used to screen for HCC in high-risk patients with chronic hepatitis B. The majority of AFP elevations, however, will be found to be due to exacerbations of disease, with or without loss of HBeAg from serum, especially in white patients with severe disease and cirrhosis.     

Autoantibodies to tumor-associated antigens combined with abnormal alpha-fetoprotein enhance immunodiagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma

The identification and characterization of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and their use in antigen mini-arrays for cancer immunodiagnosis has been of interest recently as an approach to cancer detection. In this study, autoantibodies in sera from a patient with HCC were used as probes to immunoscreen a HepG2 cDNA expression library for the identification of TAAs involved in malignant liver transformation. Recombinant proteins from two genes identified in this manner, Sui1 and RalA were expressed, purified and used as antigens in immunoassays to detect the presence of antibodies in sera from 77 patients with HCC, 30 with chronic hepatitis (CH), 30 with liver cirrhosis (LC) and 82 normal human sera (NHS). The prevalence of antibody to Sui1 and RalA in HCC were 11.7% (9/77) and 19.5% (15/77), respectively, which were significantly higher than prevalence in liver cirrhosis (3.3% and 3.3%), chronic hepatitis (0% and 0%) and normal human sera (0% and 0%). When Sui1 and RalA were added to a panel of eight other TAAs used in a previous study, the final cumulative prevalence of anti-TAA antibodies in HCC to the 10 TAA array was raised to 66.2% (51/77). The specificity for HCC compared with LC, CH and NHS, was 66.7%, 80.0%, and 87.8%, respectively. When anti-TAA was added to abnormal serum AFP as combined diagnostic markers, it raised the diagnostic sensitivity from 66.2% to 88.7%. AFP and anti-TAA were independent markers and the simultaneous use of these two markers significantly resulted in the increased sensitivity of HCC detection.