济南汉族人群HLA-A、B、DRB1等位基因高分辨多态性分析

目的 分析济南地区汉族人群人类白细胞抗原(human leukocyte antigens,HLA)-A、B、DRB1座位等位基因的高分辨多态性.方法 采用PCR-测序分型(PCR-sequence-based typing,PCR-SBT)对鲁南地区483名无血缘关系的汉族健康个体进行HLA-A、B、DRB1座位高分辨基因分型,采用Arlequin3.5软件计算等位基因频率、单倍型频率,并就常见等位基因与其他人群进行比较.结果 济南汉族HLA-A、B、DRB1座位分别检出27、56和41个等位基因,其中等位基因频率分布最高的分别是A* 11∶01 (0.1615)、B*13∶02(0.1163)和DRB1* 07∶01 (0.1763);最常见的A*-B*-DRB1*单倍型是A*30∶01-B* 13∶02-DRB1* 07∶01 (0.0867).结论 济南地区汉族人群HLA-A、B、DRB1等位基因和单倍型具有较高的多态性.     

青海土族人群HLA-A、B、DRB1基因多态性分析

目的:分析青海土族人群人类白细胞抗原(Human leukocyte antigen,HLA)A、B、DRB1的基因多态性特点。方法:应用聚合酶链反应-直接测序分型(Polymerase chain reaction sequence-based typing,PCR-SBT)法对土族人群中47名健康无血缘关系的个体进行HLA-A、B、DRB1基因座高分辨分型。并将青海土族人群的HLA-DRB1基因与国内其它少数民族人群进行比较。结果:检出HLA-A、B、DRB1的基因型数和等位基因数分别为34、41、42和17、28、30。这3个基因座分布均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律(P>0.05)。且HLA-DRB1基因座等位基因频率分布与蒙古族有相似之处,表现在基因频率较高的DRB1*04,DRB1*07,DRB1*09,DRB1*12等位基因。结论:青海土族人群具有独特的HLA-A、B、DRB1基因频率分布特征,且青海土族HLA-DRB1等位基因频率分布与蒙古族有相似之处。     

西藏门巴族人群HLA-A、B和DRB1基因座多态性

目的 分析西藏门巴族HLA-A、B和DRB1 3个基因座的遗传特征，并研究其民族起源。方法应用序列特异性寡核苷酸探针反向斑点杂交技术对西藏自治区门巴族居住区47名门巴族无关个体HLA-A、B和DRB1基因座进行分型。对门巴族和我国其他11个群体(民族)的HLA-DRB1基因频率采用Neighbor-Joining(NJ)方法进行聚类分析。结果 在西藏门巴族人群中HLA-A基因座共检出23个等位基因，其中HLA-A*1101，A*2402，A*02011，A*0206基因最常见；HLA-B基因座共检出39个等位基因，其中HLA-B*3802，B*4001，B*4002，B*51011基因最常见；HLA-DRB1基因座共检出33个等位基因，其中HLA-DRB1*12021，DRB1*0403，DRB1*0701，DRB1*1201基因最常见，频率最高的等位基因分别是HLA-A*1101(0．2128)，HLA-B*3802(0．1064)和HLA-DRB1*12021(0．0851)。结论 西藏门巴族人群HLA基因座具有高度遗传多态性，聚类分析门巴族与西藏藏族遗传关系较近。     

广州地区献血人群HLA-A、B、DRB1高分辨等位基因及单体型多态性的研究

目的:研究广州地区献血人群HLA-A、B、DRB1等位基因多态性的分布特征。方法:应用序列特异引物-聚合酶链反应(polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific primer,PCR-SSP)高分辨试剂分型,对广州地区1691名无血缘关系的健康人群HLA-A、B、DRB1进行基因分型。结果:检出HLA-A、B、DRB1等位基因分别有37、76、43种,经统计分析这3个基因座分布均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律(P0.05),A*02:07-B*46:01-DRB1*09:01(4.293%)和A*33:03-B*58:01-DRB1*03:01(3.284%)单体型是广州地区献血人群最常见单体型。结论:广州地区献血人群HLA-A、B、DRB1基因座单体型分布具有高度的遗传多态性且有其自身分布特点。研究获得的HLA-A、B、DRB1基因座单体型分布数据及相关遗传参数资料,为HLA在人类学、免疫遗传学、法医学和其它的组织器官移植方面的应用和科学研究提供和积累了基础资料。     

HLA-A*3101、B*4001、B*5801、DRB1*1602等位基因与遵义地区汉族肾综合征出血热发病的相关性研究

目的 探讨HLA-A*31、B*40、B*58、DRB1*16位点基因多态性与遵义地区汉族肾综合征出血热(HFRS)的关联性.方法 采用群体研究方法,应用聚合酶链反应-序列特异性引物(PCR-SSP)技术对100例HFRS患者(患者组)和100例健康对照者(健康对照组)进行HLA-A*31、B*40、B*58、DRB1*16基因亚型分型,比较基因频率(GF),并计算其相对危险度(RR).结果 HFRS患者组HLA-A*3101、B*5801、DRB1*1602的基因频率均较对照组明显增高(RR=13.825,x2=4.296,P=0.038;RR=2.614,x2=6.133,P=0.013;RR=8.523,x2=8.865,P=0.003),差异有统计学意义(P均＜0.05);患者组HLA-B*4001的基因频率较对照组明显降低(RR=0.414,x2=6.640,P=0.010),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 遵义地区汉族人群中,HLA-A*3101、B*5801、DRB1*1602等位基因与HFRS呈正相关,HLA-B*4001等位基因与HFRS呈负相关.     

中国汉族人群供-受者HLA-A、B、Cw、DRB1和DQB1高分辨等位基因频率分布及错配比例的研究

目的 从基因高分辨水平,分析中国汉族人群供-受者人类白细胞抗原(human leukocyte antigens,HLA)-A、B、Cw、DRB1、DQB1各位点等位基因频率和分布的多态性;及供-受者等位基因匹配情况.方法 采用基因测序分型(sequence based typing,SBT)、序列特异性寡核苷酸探针法(sequence specific oligonueleotide probe,SSOP)和序列特异性引物法(sequence specific primer,SSP),对2540名中国汉族人的(其中1168名受者,1372名供者)DNA标本进行HLA高分辨基因分型,并作统计学处理.结果 2540份样本中共检测到44种HLA-A等位基因,频率高于0.05的A*1101、A*2402、A*0201、A*0207、A*3303、A*0206、A*3001共占80.4%;81种HLA-B等位基因,频率高于0.05的B*4001、B*4601、B*5801、B*1302、B*5101共占43.0%;44种HLA-Cw等位基因,频率高于0.05的Cw*0702、Cw*0102、Cw*0304、Cw*0801、Cw*0602、Cw*0303、Cw*0302、Cw*0401共占80.3%;61种HLA-DRB1等位基因,频率高于0.05的DRB1*0901、DRB1*1501、DRB1*1202、DRB1*0803、DRB1*0701、DRB1*0405、DRB1*0301、DRB1*1101共占70.1%;22种HLA-DQB1等位基因,频率高于0.05的DQB1*0301、DQB1*0303、DQB1*0601、DQB1*0602、DQB1*0202、DQB1*0302、DQB1*0401、DQB1*0502、DQB1*0201共占87.4%.这5个位点均处于杂合子缺失状态,其中A、B、DRB1位点符合HardyWeinberg平衡(Hardy-Weinberg equi1ibrium,HWE)(P＞0.05);Cw、DQB1位点偏离HWE(P＜0.05);排除个别基因型观察值与期望值偏差较大外,这5个位点均符合HWE.在供-受者数据的比较中,HLA全相合(10/10)的比例仅22.4%;单个等位基因错配(9/10)的比例为24.6%;两个等位基因错配(8/10)的比例为26.3%.结论 中国汉族人群高分辨水平HLA-A、B、Cw、DRB1,DQB1等位基因频率及分布特点,对非亲缘造血干细胞移植供者检索有重要参考价值;并为中华骨髓库数据入库和利用提供遗传学依据.

Abstract：

Objective To analyze the allele frequencies and polymorphism of human leukocyte antigens (HLA) -A, B, Cw, DRB1 and DQB1 between donors-recipients on high-resolution typing; and to analyze the matching and mismatching proportion between donors and recipients. Methods HLA highresolution types were determined by sequence based typing (SBT), sequence specific oligonucleotide probe (SSOP) and sequence specific primer (SSP) on 2540 unrelated Chinese Han individuals including 1168 recipients and 1372 donors, then statistical analyses were carried out. Results Forty-four HLA-A alleles were detected, and among them the frequencies of A * 1101, A * 2402, A * 0201, A * 0207, A * 3303, A *0206 and A * 3001 exceeded 0.05, and accounted for 80.4%. Eighty-one HLA-B alleles were detected, and frequencies of B * 4001, B * 4601, B * 5801, B * 1302 and B * 5101 exceeded 0. 05, and accounted for 43. 0% of total. There were 44 HLA- Cw alleles, among them the frequencies of Cw * 0702, Cw * 0102,Cw * 0304, Cw * 0801, Cw * 0602, Cw * 0303, Cw * 0302 and Cw * 0401 exceeded 0.05, and were 80.3 %of total. There were 61 HLA-DRB1 alleles, the frequencies of DRB1 * 0901, DRB1 * 1501, DRB1 * 1202,DRB1 * 0803, DRB1 * 0701, DRB1 * 0405, DRB1 * 0301 and DRB1 * 1101 exceeded 0. 05, and were 70. 1% of total. Finally, 22 HLA-DQB1 alleles were detected, the frequencies of DQB1 * 0301, DQB1 *0303, DQB1 * 0601, DQB1 * 0602, DQB1 * 0202, DQB1 * 0302, DQB1 * 0401, DQB1 * 0502 and DQB1 *0201 exceeded 0. 05, and they were 87.4% of total. All the five loci were of heterozygote deficiency. The HLA-A, B and DRB1 loci conformed to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) (P＞0. 05); but HLA-Cw and HLA-DQB1 loci did not (P＜0.05). Except several particular genotypes, all the five loci conformed to HWE. After comparing data between donors and recipients, only 22.4% of recipients found HLA matched donors (10/10); 24. 6% of recipients found single HLA allele mismatched donors (9/10); 26. 3% of recipients had two HLA alleles mismatched donors (8/10). Conclusion The characteristics of allele frequencies and polymorphism of HLA-A, B, Cw, DRB1 and DQB1 on high-resolution typing in Chinese Han population is valuable for donor searching in unrelated hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and it provides genetic basis for donor registry and usage of donor resource for Chinese Marrow Donor Program.     

广州4194份脐带血HLA-A、B、DRB1等位基因型和单倍型频率研究

目的 对广州脐血库10年来保存的脐血人类白细胞抗原(human leukocyte antigen,HLA)等位基因及单倍型分布特征进行分析.方法 采用单克隆板,序列特异引物聚合酶链反应,PCR序列特异性寡核苷酸探针和DNA测序分型方法对广州脐血库内4194份脐带血进行HIA-A、B、DRB1等位基因分型.用Arlequm软件计算HLA基因频率和单倍型频率.结果 在广州脐血库中,HLA-A、B、DRB1等位基因型分别有18,43,13种.累积频率>50%的显著高频率等位基因是:A*11,A*02,A*24,A*33,B*40,B*15,B*46,B*13,DRB1*12,DRB1*15,DRB1*09,DRB1*04;最常见的单倍型为:A2-B46、B6-DR9、A11-DR12、A2-B6-DR9.结论 广州脐血库脐血捐献者HIA-A、B、DRB1等位基因型及单倍型分布具有典型南方人群的特点,此资料有助于为临床移植寻找合适匹配的供受对.     

HLA新等位基因HLA-B~*5145的确认

背景:作者在用美国onelamba试剂公司生产的HLA低分辨试剂进行分型实验时,将反应结果导入HLA数据分析软件,发现HLA-B位点反应格局异常,且阴性磁珠和阳性磁珠反应情况良好,但是分析软件并未给出相应结果,怀疑有新基因的可能。目的:发现和认定1个HLA新等位基因。方法:采集中华骨髓库造血干细胞捐献者血样,应用PCR-SSO基因分型技术筛选可能的新等位基因,PCR产物测序和DNA基因克隆测序,分析基因序列。结果与结论:PCR-SSO基因分型显示,供者HLA-A位点基因型为A*02XX,A*33XX;HLA-DRB1位点基因型为DRB1*1202,DRB1*1302,HLA-B位点反应格局异常,不能指定任何HLA-B位点的等位基因,提示B*44XX,B*53XX;90FN,91FP,调整不合理,故进一步用其他试剂(Dynal,PCR-SSO)分型方法进行分析,也显示无法判定的结果。等位基因HLA-B*5145是HLA-B*5106的变异体,该基因和B*5106的差异在第3外显子的339位碱基A→G,引起相应编码氨基酸113位上的N(天冬酰胺,Asn)→D(天冬氨酸,Asp),346位碱基A→C,引起相应编码氨基酸115位上的Y(酪氨酸,Tyr)→S(丝氨酸,Ser),362位碱基A→G,则不引起相应编码氨基酸120位上的K(赖氨酸,Lys)的变化。该基因为新等位基因,2006-10被世界卫生组织HLA因子命名委员会正式命名HLA-B*5145。     

HLA-A、HLA-B、DRB1等位基因多态性与中国北方汉族肺癌患者遗传易感相关性的研究

目的探讨中国北方汉族人中HLA-A、B、DRB1等位基因与肺癌遗传易感性间的关系。方法采用测序分型技术(sequence-based typing,SBT)技术,对无血缘关系的籍贯为中国北方的140名肺癌患者及483名健康志愿者的HLA-A、B、DRB1基因进行检测。arlequin软件(ver2.000)及SPSS软件进行统计分析。结果 A*2601、B*1518、B*3802、DRB1*0401、DRB1*0402、DRB1*1201在肺癌病人中频率显著性高于正常对照,P值分别为0.021、0.001、0.015、0.021、0.010和0.046,OR值分别为3.513、3.842、2.715、3.512、13.986、1.828;HLA-DRB1*1001、DRB1*1302在肺癌病人中频率显著性低于正常对照,P值分别为0.017和0.014,OR值分别为0.135和0.122。单倍型HLA-A*0207-B*4601-DRB1*0901、HLA-A*0206-B*5101在肺癌病人中频率显著性高于正常对照,P值分别为0.034和0.006,OR值分别为2.348和3.969;单倍型HLA-A*110...     

小儿急性淋巴细胞白血病与HLA基因多态性相关性的研究

目的:对小儿急性淋巴细胞白血病患者进行HLA基因多态性分型,寻找急性淋巴细胞白血病的易感基因.方法:采用特异性寡核苷酸探针杂交(PCR/SSO)法,对儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病患者和健康对照组进行HLA-A、B、DRB1基因分型.结果:在儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病患者中HLA-A01、A02、HLA-DRB1*01、HLA-DRB1*15基因位点较对照组明显升高(P<0.05).A11、A33、HLA-DRB1*03基因位点频率较对照组降低(P<0.05).其中HLA-A01、HLA-DRB1*01、HLA-DRB1*15基因位点相对危险率RR>4,而A11、A33、HLA-DRB1*03基因位点相对危险率RR<1.结论:HLA-A01、A02、A33、HLA-DRB1*01、DRB1*03、DRB1*15与小儿急性淋巴细胞白血病有相关性.其中HLA-A01、HLA-DRB1*01、HLA-DRB1*15对儿童白血病有遗传易感性.A11、A33、HLA-DRB1*03则对青海地区汉族小儿急性淋巴细胞白血病的发生有拮抗作用.     

PCR-SSO流式荧光微珠法HLA-A*02高分辨分型检测模棱两可结果的统计分析

背景：由于HLA的复杂多态性,实际分型过程中难免会出现一些结果判读模棱两可现象。 目的：统计分析基于PCR-SSO 流式荧光微珠HLA-A*02高分辨分型方法的模棱两可组合结果种类、比例,探讨解决模棱两可解决方法,提高高分辨分型比例。 方法：对河南骨髓库捐献者 1 100人份HLA分型结果进行统计分析,计数法进行分类统计分析软件给出的包含HLA-A*02：01\02：09模棱两可组合代码,计算百分比;与确认为A*02：09的基因多态性分布进行比对,找出与A*02：09关联性较强的等位基因,用补充实验进行复核、确认,建立A*02：01\02：09模棱两可组合的判读方法。 结果与结论：1 039例有效数据中包含A*02：01\02：09模棱两可组合279例(279/1 039,26.853%),代码种类19种,检出比例较高的有DMDC,DYVK,GMDD,GMDE;34例确认为A*0209的基因多态性统计显示A*0209的出现与A*11：01  (0.147 1)B*07：02(0.264 7)、DRB1*01：01(0.264 7 )、DRB1*03：01(0.117 6)有较强关联,选出高风险标本38例,经检测外显子1~7,并用SBT复核确认有1例结果为A*02：09(代码组合为GMDC),其余241例未检出A*02：09。提示 A*02：09的出现与B*07：02、DRB1*01：01、DRB1*03：01有较强关联,重点对这些关联标本进行外显子1~7检测,可有效地检出A*02：09。通过统计分析制定合理的判定规则和必要的复核实验可有效地简化操作程序,节省时间,降低费用,提高高分辨比例。     

中国山东省威海、莱芜地区健康人群HLA-A、B、DRB1等位基因频率多态性调查

目的:分析人类白细胞抗原基因频率在山东省威海、莱芜地区健康人群中的遗传特征及其人群间分布的差异。方法:采用聚合酶链反应-序列特异性引物(PCR-SSP)方法对300名健康献血者进行HLA-A、B、DRB1分型。结果:共检出14个HLA-A等位基因,34个B等位基因,13个DRB1等位基因。比较威海和莱芜地区HLA人群基因频率差异为威海地区A*32基因频率显著高于莱芜地区(P<0.05),莱芜地区HLA-B*27基因频率显著高于威海地区(P<0.05)。结论:威海、莱芜地区人群很好的体现了中国北方人群的HLA基因型分布特点,同时也具有其自身的特殊性。这些比较数据为寻找HLA相合的无亲缘关系造血干细胞供者提供了重要的遗传学信息。     

HLA‐A, ‐B and ‐DRB1 allele and haplotype frequencies of 8333 Chinese Han from the Zhejiang province,China

The distribution of human leucocyte antigen (HLA) allele and haplotype is varied among different ethnic populations. In this study, HLA‐A, ‐B and ‐DRB1 allele and haplotype frequencies were determined in 8333 volunteer bone marrow donors of Zhejiang Han population using the polymerase chain reaction sequence‐based typing. A total of 52 HLA‐A, 96 HLA‐B and 61 HLA‐DRB1 alleles were found. Of these, the top three frequent alleles in HLA‐A, HLA‐B and HLA‐DRB1 loci, respectively, were A*11:01 (24.53%), A*24:02 (17.35%), A*02:01 (11.58%); B*40:01 (15.67%), B*46:01 (11.87%), B*58:01 (9.05%); DRB1*09:01 (17.54%),DRB1*12:02 (9.64%) and DRB1*08:03 (8.65%). A total of 171 A‐B‐DRB1 haplotypes with a frequency of >0.1% were presented and the five most common haplotypes were A*33:03‐B*58:01‐ DRB1*03:01, A*02:07‐B*46:01‐DRB1*09:01, A*30:01‐B*13:02‐DRB1*07:01, A*33:03‐B*58:01‐RB1*13:02 and A*11:01‐B*15:02‐DRB1*12:02. The information will be useful for selecting unrelated bone marrow donors and for anthropology studies and pharmacogenomics analysis.     

Common and well-documented (CWD) alleles of human leukocyte antigen-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, and -DQB1 loci for the Chinese Han population do not quite correlate with the ASHI CWD alleles

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA), which is extremely polymorphic, plays an important role in stem cell transplantation. The Chinese Han comprise a large population of approximately 1.3 billion with diverse HLA alleles that need to be characterized. Data from 3,296 independent, unrelated Chinese Han individuals (1,457 recipients and 1,839 donors) were provided by the China Marrow Donor Program (CMDP) for donor-recipient confirmatory typing. Sequence-based typing, sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe (SSOP)/High Definition-SSOP, and sequence-specific primer methods were used to obtain 4-digit alleles. A total of 49, 86, 50, 63, and 24 HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, and -DQB1 alleles were observed. Following American Society for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics (ASHI) common and well-documented (CWD) criteria, CWD alleles for Chinese Han in our laboratory test and other laboratory reports do not quite correlate with the ASHI CWD alleles: A*11:53, A*02:34, A*02:53N, B*27:24, B*46:02, B*55:12, C*01:06, C*03:17, C*06:06, C*07:66, C*07:67, C*08:22, DRB1*12:10, DQB1*03:13, and DQB1*06:05 are CWD, but are not included in the ASHI CWD list. A series of alleles are well-documented alleles and are listed in the ASHI CWD list. Conversely, A*26:03, B*51:03, C*12:05, C*15:09, C*15:11, C*17:03, DRB1*11:07, DRB1*11:11, DRB1*13:05, DRB1*13:13, DRB1*14:06, DRB1*14:12, DRB1*14:22, DRB1*14:25, and DQB1*06:11 are rare alleles, but are included in the ASHI CWD list. HLA ethnic diversity is the main reason for the differences in HLA alleles worldwide. The ASHI HLA CWD alleles help reduce the workload and expenses in high-resolution donor registries and the HLA allele frequencies provide a basis from which to predict the chances of finding HLA matching donors. Our data will be meaningful for the CMDP, for other worldwide donor registries, and for an updated ASHI CWD allele list.     

Distribution of human leucocyte antigen-A, -B and -DR alleles and haplotypes at high resolution in the population from Jiangsu province of China

The frequencies of human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-A, -B and -DRB1 alleles and haplotypes were statistically analysed among 3238 donors from Chinese Marrow Donor Program (CMDP) Jiangsu Branch. All donors were typed using polymerase chain reaction-sequence-based typing (PCR-SBT) method or polymerase chain reaction-reverse sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe (PCR-rSSOP) method. As a result, a total of 46 A, 85 B and 51 DRB1 alleles were found in Jiangsu population. The first three frequent alleles in HLA-A, -B and -DRB1 loci respectively were A*11:01(16.52%), A*24:02(15.10%) and A*02:01(13.02%); B*13:02(11.60%), B*46:01(8.89%) and B*58:01(7.12%); and DRB1*07:01(15.78%), DRB1*09:01(15.26%) and DRB1*15:01(9.76%). The top two frequent A-B-DRB1 haplotypes were A*30:01-B*13:02-DRB1*07:01(8.87%) and A*02:07-B*46:01-DRB1*09:01(2.79%); the top three A-B haplotypes were A*33:03-B*58:01-DRB1*03:01(2.59%), A*30:01-B*13:02(9.92%) and A*33:03-B*58:01(5.48%); the top two B-DRB1 haplotypes were B*13:02-DRB1*07:01(10.23%) and B*46:01-DRB1*09:01(4.61%); the top two A-DRB1 haplotypes were A*30:01-DRB1*07:01(8.96%) and A*33:03-DRB1*13:02(3.95%). These findings provided useful information in the study of genetics and anthropology in Chinese Han population. It also served as a basic guide for selection of future donors in CMDP Jiangsu Branch.     

Polymorphism of HLA-A, -B, -DRB1, -DQA1 and -DQB1 haplotypes in a Croatian population.

We describe for the first time extended haplotypes in a Croatian population. The present study gives the HLA-A, -B, -DRB1, -DQA1 and -DQB1 allele and haplotype frequencies in 105 families with at least two offspring. All individuals were studied by conventional serology for HLA class I antigens (A and B), while class II alleles (DRB1, DQA1, DQB1) were typed using the PCR-SSOP method. HLA genotyping was performed by segregation in all 105 families. For extended haplotype analysis, 420 independent parental haplotypes were included. Fourteen HLA-A, 18 HLA-B, 28 DRB1, 9 DQA1 and 11 DQB1 alleles were found in the studied population. Most of the DRB1 alleles in our population had an exclusive association with one specific DQA1-DQB1 combination. This strong linkage disequilibrium within the HLA class II region is often extended to the HLA-B locus. A total of 10 HLA-A, -B, -DRB1, -DQA1, -DQB1 haplotypes were observed with a frequency 相似文献   

Analysis of HLA-B*44 alleles encoded on extended HLA haplotypes by direct automated sequencing

Abstract: We developed a PCR-based approach to sequence exons 2 and 3 of HLA-B44 alleles from genomic DNA. We applied this method to determine the B44 alleles encoded on extended HLA-A, B, DRB1, DQB1 haplotypes and the degree of mismatching for B44 alleles among marrow transplant patients and their unrelated donors (URD). A total of 81 samples was studied and included 38 patients, 42 donors and the cell "FMB"; the 80 clinical samples were comprised of 8 unpaired patients, 12 unpaired donors, and 30 URD-recipient pairs. Three alleles encoding B44 were identified, B*4402 (N=51), 4403 (N=32) and a new allele designated B*44KB and named B*4405 (N=4). Of the 27 patients for whom family study was available, there were 13 different B*4402, 7 different B* 4403 and 2 new B*4405 haplotypes. HLA-A2, Cw*0501, B*4402, DRB1* 0401, DQB1*0301 (n=2); A2, Cw*0501, B*4402, DRB1*1501, DRB5* 0101, DQB1*0602 (n=2); and HLA-A29, Cw*1601, B*4403, DRB1* 0701, DQB1*0201 (n=5) comprised the most common patient haplotypes. Of 30 URD-recipient transplant pairs studied, 27 were HLA-A, B serologically matched and DRB1, DRB3, DRB5, DQB1 allele matched, and 3 pairs were DRB1-mismatched. All B44 allele mismatching (N=3) occurred among the 27 matched pairs. The novel B*4402-variant sequence, HLA-B*4405, was identified in 4 individuals, and in each case was associated with an HLA-B44, Cw*02022, DRB1*0101, DQB1*0501 haplotype. HLA-B*4405 and B*4402 are identical in exon 2; in exon 3 however, B*4405 encodes T instead of G at nucleotide position 75 which translates to a substitution of tyrosine for aspartic acid at codon 116. Finally, the published B*4402 sequence derived from cell "FMB" was found to contain an error; the corrected B*4402 sequence encodes G rather than C at position 146 of exon 3.