钾长石的绿色化综合利用工艺

针对辽宁某地钾长石的特点,设计了一条绿色化综合利用工艺流程。采用Na2CO3中温焙烧,在较低温度下破坏钾长石的结构。碱溶焙烧熟料得到Na2SiO3溶液和K、Na、Al的富集渣。碳分Na2SiO3溶液制取白炭黑。酸化K、Na、Al的富集渣,经水浸、过滤得到白炭黑和含K、Na、Al的溶液。Na2CO3沉铝得到Al(OH)3与K、Na分离。Na2SO4、K2SO4循环至一定浓度后分步结晶得到Na2SO4和K2SO4晶体。可采用CO还原Na2SO4制得Na2S。整个工艺流程实现了Si、K、Na、Al的综合利用,无废弃物排放。     

助熔剂降低氧化铁矿深度还原温度的机理研究

本文通过对CaCO3、MgCO3、Na2CO3、K2CO3、Li2CO3等助熔剂进行深度还原试验,研究了不同阳离子和阴离子对氧化铁还原助熔作用及机理。研究结果表明,阳离子对氧化铁矿深度还原的助熔作用顺序为:K+Na+Li+Ca2+Mg2+。阴离子对氧化铁矿深度还原的助熔作用顺序为:CO2-3F-O2-Cl-。选定助熔剂Na2CO3进行还原温度试验,随着还原温度升高,铁精矿品位和回收率也随之提高,但是温度过高导致生成更多的似长石类矿物,在物料表面生成深度还原阻碍层,从而降低选矿指标,因此确定还原温度为1050℃,使精矿品位和回收率分别达到93.03%和94.23%。     

大佛寺井田4号煤CH_4与CO_2吸附解吸实验比较

以迅速降低大佛寺4号煤含气量,提高地面煤层气井采收率为目标,进行CO2驱替CH4技术的实验研究。对采自大佛寺矿井40114工作面的样品,进行多个温度点柱体原煤与60~80目平衡水样的CH4与CO2吸附解吸对比实验。结果表明:CO2在煤孔隙表面与CH4一致,吸附过程符合Langmuir方程,解吸过程可用解吸式描述;由热力学计算可知,柱体原煤升压过程CO2吸附热为56.827 kJ/mol,CH4吸附热为12.662 kJ/mol,降压过程CO2吸附热为115.030 kJ/mol,CH4吸附热为23.602 kJ/mol,无论升压过程还是降压过程CO2吸附热远大于CH4吸附热,两种气体在煤孔隙表面竞争吸附时CO2占据优势,导致置换解吸;吸附势、吸附空间计算验证了这个结论;利用CO2驱替CH4技术,提高煤层气采收率,理论依据充分可行。     

无还原剂时脉石在Na_2CO_3-NaCl低温熔盐体系中的反应行为研究

在热力学理论计算的基础上,用XRD分析和TG-DSC热分析技术研究了在无还原剂存在时SiO2、CaCO3、Al2O3在Na2CO3-NaCl低温熔盐体系中的反应行为。研究结果表明,Al2O3与熔盐在700℃以上时全部生成了铝酸钠;二氧化硅在900℃时全部生成了可溶性的Na2SiO3,900℃以下则反应缓慢;CaCO3在500~900℃基本不分解,但会与Na2CO3结合成高温下不稳定的Na2Ca(CO3)2。实验结果与热力学计算结果相符合。     

添加物对宁夏煤热解气相产物生成的影响

以西部弱还原性宁夏煤为研究对象,酸洗脱灰并负载Na、Ca及Fe盐,对其进行了固定床热解过程中气相产物生成规律的研究。实验结果显示,原煤中的矿物质和Na、Ca、Fe添加物的存在均降低了煤的起始和最大分解温度,对煤的热解反应均表现出较好的促进作用;煤中原有的矿物质和添加物对煤热解气相产物形成的影响可以划分为200~550,550~750和750~1 000 ℃三个温度区间,在各温区中的影响显示出明显不同的作用。低温时促进了CH₄的生成,高温时抑制了H₂的生成;除载铁煤外,累积产率均表现为H₂的增大和CH₄的减少,这主要受中温段热解结果的影响;煤中矿物质及Ca在整个热解过程中均使CO和CO₂累积产率增大,Na和Fe在较低温度区间也表现出对CO和CO₂生成的促进作用,但温度较高时抑制作用明显。     

SiC 还原磷灰石气化脱磷的热力学机理研究

以 SiC 为还原剂,Na2CO3、Al2O3 和 SiO2 为辅助脱磷剂研究磷酸钙的还原气化脱磷机理。 利用 FactSage 7. 1 热力学软件计算以及试验分析了不同温度以及辅助脱磷剂添加量对气化脱磷的影响。 结果表明:脱磷反应在无 液相参与时还原程度较低,在 1 300 ℃下气化脱磷率为 17. 83%。 辅助脱磷剂 Na2CO3 添加量分别为 6%、8%和 10%时 生成液相,气化脱磷率显著提高。 X 射线衍射分析结果显示,产物中硅酸钙盐较多,与模拟中脱磷反应的固相产物一 致。 最佳的辅助脱磷剂 Na2CO3 添加量为 8%、Al2O3 添加量为 7. 7%、SiO2 添加量为 14. 06%,在 1 300 ℃ 下对应的气 化脱磷率为 86. 50%。 当辅助脱磷剂 Na2CO3 添加量达到 10%时,气化脱磷率降低到 35. 79%,检测到固相产物中有 Na 2Ca3Al2(PO4) 2(SiO4) 2 存在,这是霞石与磷酸钙在 1 300 ℃ 下的反应产物,导致磷元素被固定在其中无法气化脱 除,从而降低了气化脱磷率。     

助熔剂降低赤褐铁矿深度还原温度的试验研究

针对目前难选铁矿深度还原能耗高、成本高难于工业化的现状,进行了添加助熔剂降低深度还原温度的试验。通过还原剂种类、用量、还原合适温度的试验研究,得出用Na2CO3为助熔剂,原矿∶无烟煤∶Na2CO3=6∶3∶2,深度还原温度降到1050℃时,可将原矿品位为35.23%的贫细鲕状赤铁矿,通过深度还原-磁选,获得铁精矿品位93.04%、回收率94.53%的较好指标。     

碱融—水浸法从高温合金废料中回收铼

研究用碱融—水浸法分离高温合金废料中铼的过程及工艺参数,考察碱融坩埚、碱融时间、碱融温度、水浸温度以及NaOH和钠盐加入量等因素对铼在碱融—水浸后回收率的影响。结果表明,选用致密的Al2O3坩埚,合金粉料与所加入NaOH和钠盐总和的质量比为1∶2时,在900℃下碱融60min,水浸温度70⁹0℃,浸出液中铼的回收率能够达到93.78%。其中所加入的钠盐为Na2CO3和Na2SO4,质量比为w(NaOH)∶w(Na2CO3)∶w(Na2SO4)=6∶1∶3。     

钛磁铁矿直接还原动力学研究

对钛磁铁矿粉料进行造球、干燥、预热,用还原性气体(H2、CO、N2、CO2、CH4混合物)对预热球进行直接还原,对还原过程的动力学进行了研究。结果表明:当温度在900℃~1 100℃间时,球团的还原反应倾向于界面化学反应控制,而当温度处于1 100℃~1 200℃间时,球团的还原反应比较接近于产物层内扩散控制。     

煤层甲烷部分氧化与CO2-H2O重整联合制合成气研究

采用固定床流动反应装置,研究了镧改性的镍基催化剂对煤层CH4空气部分氧化与CO2-H2O重整耦合制合成气反应的催化性能,考察了反应温度、压力、空速等工艺条件以及原料气组成对反应性能的影响.结果表明,直接以煤矿抽放煤层气为原料,可以采用比较灵活的工艺来生产具有适宜H2/CO比的合成气.在原料气组成为n(CH4)∶n(CO2)∶n(Air)∶n(H2O)=1.0∶0.2∶1.9∶0.4(摩尔比)、温度800 ℃、CH4空速1.0×104 h-1,常压条件下,甲烷转化率可达96.8%,合成气n(H2)∶n(CO)=2.0.     

Market and recycling of NiMH battery

<正>Market status and future trend of NiMH battery1.Global market of small NiMH battery Global market size of small NiMH batteries declined year on year since 2011.The trend will continue to 2018,at the rate of 5%to 10%annually.Demand for small NiMH batteries will be stable gradually.Many electrical apparatuses are powered by the built-in lithium battery today,which is the main reason for the shrunk market of small NiMH batteries.But,for some products,small NiMH     

China rare earth market review

正September 1-10,2014 Affected by the National Day holiday,rare earth transaction was stagnant and the market showed a weak steady state.As there was no good news for downstream market,some products with flat demand would likely rally slightly for some time to     

Current situation and future trend of China rare earth luminescent materialindustry(continued)

<正>Developing ecological lighting source The world is facing the big problem of energy shortage today and the contradiction between economy development and environmental protection is worsened.Therefore,people are more likely to choose an ecological light source that is more energy efficient and environmental friendly.The choice provides great opportunity for the development of rare earth optical material industry in China.The concept of green lighting positions rare earth luminescent material as a leading player in illumination market.The light source of both rare earth luminescent lamp and LED lamp is ecological and energy saving.This is why     

Galaxy Magnets achieved the net profit of 34.02 million yuan in the first six months of 2014

正Galaxy Magnet announced its financial results for the first half of 2014 on August 14.For the first six months ended on 30 June 2014,Galaxy Magnet achieved operation income of RMB 182.3 million,up8.40% over the same period of 2013,and the net profit attributable to the shareholders of the listed company of 34.02 million yuan,increasing 35.49% over the same period of last year.Stable performance increase was led by development of new customers and application market of magnets.     

Rare Earth Application in Steel in China

<正>China has rich rare earth resources.Output of rare earth and steel in China ranks the top first in the world.However,there is still certain distance between the steel produced in China and developed countries from the point of varieties and quality.China still has to import some types of steel.Improving the quality should be emphasiZed in future development of steel industry in China.Rare earth can be used to upgrade traditional steel     

China rare earth market review

正November 21~30,2014Due to weak demand from downstream industries,transactions of rare earth in Chinese domestic market were inactive.It was difficult to sell any rare earth products except for dysprosium oxide and terbium oxide.Suppliers lost confidence in recent market.Demand for rare earth products was soft.Consumers continued to take a wait-and-see attitude.Rare earth export market remained slow.     

稀散金属产业的观察与思考

分析了近年来国内外稀散金属产业的生产、应用、资源与市场状况.铟锡氧化物靶材、砷化镓晶片、锗红外材料、铼高温合金和硒在电解锰及玻璃的应用等已成为稀散金属的主要应用领域.稀散金属的产量快速增长达到历史高位而导致了市场的失衡.以GaInP_2/GaAs/Ge,CIGS和CdTe为代表的非硅系太阳能电池是稀散金属的新兴应用领域,将给稀散金属带来日益增长的需求.     

Current situation and future trend of China rare earth luminescent material industry

<正>Rare earth luminescent material is one of the most important application sectors of rare earths.China enjoys the exceptional advantage to develop rare earth luminescent material for its abundant rare earth resources.After several decades'endeavor,China's rare earth luminescent material industry,headed by rare earth phosphor for lamp and LED and high efficient rare earth energy-saving light source,has been gradually developed into a scale industry.China has become a major production base of rare earth phosphor for lamps and rare earth     

China rare earth market review

正June 1~10,2014Rare earth market remained weak.Quoted price of rare earth products was similar to that in May.There was no sign of recovery in downstream market.The market of NdFeB magnetic materials and phosphor was depressed.Catalyst,polishing powder and ceramic industries remained inactive.Demand from downstream industry was soft.Consumers purchased on their needs.Suppliers had strong intention to sell.Prices of rare earth products     

2014 second batch of rare earth quota released

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