长江源自然保护站的太阳能风能互补发电系统

介绍了位于4500米的长江源头第一座自然环境保护站内的风光互补发电系统及其组成,包括发电量计算,用电负荷类型与用电量、储能蓄电池容量的计算等,并叙述了该系统在青藏高原的示范推广意义。     

风能与水能互补发电系统的研究

论述了水能与风能两种自然资源特性及互补的必要性和经济性,在此基础上提出风能与水能互补发电系统,构建了风能与水能互补发电系统的结构图、探讨了互补发电系统的运行策略及仿真运行与设计。风能与水能的互补开发、综合利用可提高发电系统的可靠性与稳定性,是一种行之有效可再生能源的利用方式。     

风-光互补发电系统

在目前利用的诸多新能源中,太阳能与风能处于特别引人注目的地位。在我国很多地区（约占全国面积的２/３）,太阳能与风能具有一定的互补特性,即两者在上下两个半年中在变化趋势上呈现完全相反的特性,这种特性为太阳能与风能的互补（联合）发电提供了可能,与风力发电机或太阳光伏电池单独发电系统相比,互补发电系统的供电质量有较大提高,而系统的重复投资则有所下降。一风光互补发电系统风能与太阳能的随机性强,随季节、时间、天气等条件的变化差异很大。为保证供电质量,在单独发电或互补（联合）发电系统中都必须配备储能环节。构成储能环节…     

风能-太阳能混合发电系统研究与应用

利用风能、太阳能混合发电系统进行一年四季均衡供电,为无电网地区提供可靠的电力供应,报道了发电系统的构成和应用情况。     

小型风光互补发电系统研究与应用

综合国内外太阳能、风能发电技术,提出一种可离网工作的小型风光互补发电系统,叙述了该系统的组成、发电原理、系统设计、应用前景等,并对存在的问题提出改善措施。     

可再生新能源风光互补发电系统的研究应用

文中介绍可再生新能源风光互补发电系统的主要构成及主要相关设备的工作原理,从该技术的理论构思入手浅谈了近些年来国内外对于可再生新能源风光互补发电系统的研究与应用,相信风光互补发电系统是未来电力产业时代的宠儿,其发展潜力无限。     

无电阻恒压法控制策略在风能／太阳能发电系统中的应用

介绍了遵循α值曲线的无电阻恒压法控制策略在风能／太阳能互补供电系统中的应用。经实验室和长期应用试验验证，该方法比普通风力发电系统所采用的保护电路和快速充电法更能适用于不同类型，不同使用年限和充电状态的蓄电池。     

风热机组与太阳能热发电耦合系统的性能分析

根据能量梯级利用原则,提出了一种风热机组与太阳能热发电的耦合系统,利用Simulink软件搭建了该耦合系统仿真平台,并根据系统模型对该耦合系统进行了热力学分析。研究结果表明:当风速为6 m/s、太阳辐射强度为800 W/m²时,风热机组与太阳能热发电耦合系统中风热机组的制热性能系数COP达到了6.233,比单一的风热机组的COP提高了125.83%;耦合系统中太阳能热发电系统的?效率达到了42.04%,比单一的太阳能热发电系统的?效率提高了12.10%。风热机组与太阳能热发电耦合系统可以有效提升能源的利用效率,是一种新的风能与太阳能热发电互补利用技术。     

一种新型太阳能／风能互补发电站控制与保护系统

描述了一种新型的太阳能／风能互补发电站的控制与保护系统，它运用了根据不同的充放电率，制定蓄电池保护电压动作阈值的原理。经实际应用，效果良好。     

Design and techno-economical optimization for stand-alone hybrid power systems with multi-objective evolutionary algorithms

The optimal design of the hybrid energy system can significantly improve the economical and technical performance of power supply. However, the problem is formidable because of the uncertain renewable energy supplies, the uncertain load demand, the nonlinear characteristics of some components, and the conflicting techno-economical objectives. In this work, the optimal design of the hybrid energy system has been formulated as a multi-objective optimization problem. We optimize the techno-economical performance of the hybrid energy system and analyse the trade-offs between the multi-objectives using multi-objective genetic algorithms. The proposed method is tested on the widely researched hybrid PV-wind power system design problem. The optimization seeks the compromise system configurations with reference to three incommensurable techno-economical criteria, and uses an hourly time-step simulation procedure to determine the design criteria with the weather resources and the load demand for one reference year. The well-known efficient multi-objective genetic algorithm, called NGAS-II (the fast elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm), is applied on this problem. A hybrid PV-wind power system has been designed with this method and several methods in the literature. The numerical results demonstrate that the proposed method is superior to the other methods. It can handle the optimal design of the hybrid energy system effectively and facilitate the designer with a range of the design solutions and the trade-off information. For this particular application, the hybrid PV-wind power system using more solar panels achieves better technical performance while the one using more wind power is more economical. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

独立运行风力发电系统功率控制器的研究与设计

通过对独立运行风力发电系统的特性和永磁同步电机数学模型的分析与研究,提出了通过调节电磁转矩-转速特性调节功率的一种控制策略,使风力发电机输出在额定风速以下自动跟踪负载用电量。运用此控制策略采用单片机作为控制芯片,设计了用于控制发电机输出功率的电子调节装置,有效地解决了独立运行小型风力发电系统功率平衡问题。     

火电厂冷端系统性能分析与优化研究

在对火电厂冷端系统运行特性分析计算的基础上,深入探讨了影响冷端性能的主要因素;针对冷端系统的运行特点,分析了冷端系统最优化运行原理,建立了冷端系统优化运行的数学模型,开发了优化软件;实例分析了冷端系统优化运行方案及其效益,验证了模型与软件的精确性与实用性。结果表明,所开发的软件对火电厂的优化运行及节能具有重要意义和价值。     

Thermal management oriented steady state analysis and optimization of a kW scale solid oxide fuel cell stand-alone system for maximum system efficiency

This research attempts to ensure system safety while to maximize system efficiency by addressing steady state analysis and optimization for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) systems. Firstly, a thermal management oriented kW scale SOFC stand-alone system (primarily comprising a planar SOFC stack, a burner, and two heat exchangers) is developed, in which a special consideration for stack spatial temperature management is conducted by introducing an air bypass manifold around heat exchangers. The dynamic model of the system is performed using transient energy, species, and mass conservation equations. Secondly, based on the system model, the effects of operating parameters including fuel utilization (FU), air excess ratio (AE), bypass ratio (BR), and stack voltage (SV) on the system steady-state performances (e.g. system efficiency, stack inlet, stack outlet, and burner temperatures) are revealed. Particularly, an optimal relationship between the system efficiency and the operating parameters is proposed; the maximum system efficiency can certainly be obtained at the inlet outlet temperature critical point of the BR-AE or FU-AE planes for all SV operating points. Finally, according to the optimal relationship, a traverse optimization process is designed, and the maximum system efficiency and safe operating parameters at any efficient SV operating point are calculated. The results provide an optimal reference trajectory for control design, where the system is safe and efficiency optimization. Moreover, the results reveal two important system characteristics: (1) the burner operates within safe temperature zone as long as the temperature of the upstream stack is well controlled; (2) the control design for the system is a nonlinear optimal control with switching structure, which is a challenging control issue.     

Evaluation of a new maximum power point tracker (MPPT) applied to the photovoltaic stand-alone systems

In this paper a comparative study through experimental work between a new low-cost maximum power point tracker (MPPT) and the conventional configurations of the photovoltaic (PV) regulators under different atmospheric conditions is presented. The comparison is made by means of the energy production obtained by the PV generator of each system. From the results obtained it can be concluded that, depending on the charge state of the batteries, the MPPT can increase the overall efficiency of the system between 2.8% and 18.5% compared with the performance of a conventional system.     

超级电容器-蓄电池应用于独立光伏系统的储能设计

建立了混合储能系统的数学模型,对模型系统进行了稳定性分析,从应用角度出发,设计了一套超级电容器-蓄电池混合储能装置应用在独立光伏系统,使用PSPICE软件仿真分析了系统的运行特性,结果表明系统在光伏输入功率大幅波动以及负载突变时具有很好的稳定性,可为超级电容器应用于可再生能源发电和电能质量改善等领域提供较好的参考。     

Stochastic approach in the optimization of A nuclear power system

The paper deals with a CANDU-CANDU (Th/Pu)-LMFBR (PuO₂) nuclear power system which evolves in a finite time interval. Its initial evolution is only in the CANDU variant, and subsequently in the variants CANDU (Th/Pu) and LMFBR (PuO₂) by the use of Pu produced in the system. It is assumed that the fuel burn-up in the LMFBR (PuO₂) reactors is a random value, as it is governed by an a priori determined field of probability. The resources of natural uranium and Pu which severely influence the development of the system are also random, as they cannot be definitely known, and moreover they are actually governed by another field of probability already known. Under these conditions, the set of optimal solutions and associated optimal values represented by the nuclear electric powers released in the system at the end of the considered time interval have to be derived. Concomitantly, the distribution of the optimal value, its average value and standard deviation can be evaluated. This type of stochastic approach to nuclear power system optimization is much more valid than the deterministic approach, as it supplies information of interest for the decision-makers engaged in the solution of a nuclear power policy.     

考虑风储多维运行边界的调峰资源优化配置模型

近年来,风储联合发电系统取得了一定的发展,但在网络约束下的储能系统储放范围与风电渗透率之间存在着制约的关系,导致原有调峰资源的配置方案会对储能系统的储放空间及运行效率产生一定的影响。为解决该问题,文章引入风储联合系统接入配网后的多维运行边界并将其转化为调峰资源优化配置过程中的约束条件,建立综合考虑风储容量与调峰资源经济性的优化配置模型并进行求解。仿真算例验证结果表明,文章提出的考虑风储多维运行边界下调峰优化配置模型可实现风电与储能利用最大化及调峰资源配置经济性最优。     

遗传算法在电力系统无功优化中的应用综述

遗传算法是近10年来发展的基于自然选择规律的一种优化方法,算法能成功的解决无功变量中的离散问题,避免常规数学优化方法的局部最优现象。本文阐述了简单遗传算法以及遗传算法与其它算法相结合的算法在电力系统无功优化中的应用和今后的发展方向。     

The effect of the hysteresis band on power management strategies in a stand-alone power system

A stand-alone power system that consists of a photovoltaic array and wind generators for the exploitation of renewable energy sources (RES), and that is capable of storing excessive energy in the form of hydrogen via water electrolysis for subsequent use in a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell is currently being installed at Neo Olvio of Xanthi in Greece. The performance of two power management strategies (PMSs) that utilize a hysteresis band in the operation of the integrated system over a typical 4-month period is assessed. The state-of-charge (SOC) level of the accumulator is the main parameter that governs the operation of the electrolyzer and the fuel cell. The introduction of a hysteresis band in the boundary limits of the SOC of the accumulator provides larger flexibility in the operation of the electrolyzer, the fuel cell, and the accumulator. In this way, the units can be protected from heavy and unnecessary utilization or irregular operation (reduction of frequent start-ups and shut-downs). The simulated results for the implemented PMSs revealed important information about the reliability of the load satisfaction, the total operation time that each subsystem undergoes, as well as about the hydrogen inventory in the integrated system. The study also identified the effect of variation of hysteresis band size on the system performance as an important feature for the development of an integrated control strategy.