电针联合嗅鞘细胞移植对大鼠脊髓损伤神经轴突再生及走向的影响

目的:探讨电针对嗅鞘细胞(OECs)移植大鼠轴突再生的影响及作用机制。方法:2.5月龄Sprague Dawley(SD)雄性大鼠72只,体重(220±20)g,采用挫伤加全横断的造模方法造成T9脊髓损伤模型后随机分成模型组、电针组、嗅鞘细胞组和电针加嗅鞘细胞组。各组动物于造模后4周和8周注射5%荧光金水溶液(flurosecentgold,FG) 0.5 μl进行逆行标记,后进行荧光金逆行示踪观察以及动物行为学观察(BBB评分).结果:(1)BBB评分结果示术后第1天至第1周,各组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);从第3周开始,电针+OECs组高于模型组、OECs组、电针组3组(P<0.05).(2) 荧光金逆行示踪结果显示:术后4、8周各组脊髓内均可观察到有FG阳性神经纤维再生;在脊髓损伤区,电针加OECs组通过脊髓损伤区荧光金标记的阳性神经纤维数量多于其他3组,走行较其他3组规则。结论:电针联合OECs移植治疗能够极大的促进脊髓损伤大鼠神经纤维的再生以及大鼠后肢功能的恢复,能够恢复神经传导通路,并对再生的神经纤维生长方法有一定的导向性。     

GDNF基因修饰的嗅鞘细胞移植联合IN-1注射修复大鼠急性脊髓损伤

目的 研究胶质细胞源性神经营养因子(GDNF)基因修饰的嗅鞘细胞(OECs)移植联合轴突生长抑制蛋白抗体(IN-1)局部持续注射对大鼠急性横断性脊髓损伤(SCI)的修复作用.方法 构建载有GDNF基因的慢病毒(Lentivirus)载体并体外转染OECs,Western Blot检测GDNF的表达.用50只成年雌性SD大鼠建立胸脊髓全横断损伤模型,随机分为A(对照组)、B(IN-1微泵注射组)、C(OECs组)、D(GDNF-OECs组)和E(GDNF-OECs+IN-1组)5组各10只.应用神经丝蛋白200(NF200)单抗免疫组化、生物素化的葡聚糖胺(BDA),顺行神经追踪对SCI区神经纤维再生进行形态学观察.采用BBB评分评估大鼠后肢功能恢复情况.结果 术后共有13只大鼠死亡.术后8周可观察到Hoechst标记的OECs在体内存活并在脊髓内迁移;E组和D组可见SCI区杂乱无序的再生轴突,有连续性神经纤维通过损伤区;C组可见少量无序的再生轴突,可疑连续性神经纤维通过损伤区;B组和A组脊髓残端萎缩,未见轴突再生.A、B、C、D和E组后肢功能运动平均BBB评分分别为7.70±0.24、7.89±0.15、10.50±0.25、11.43±0.23和12.81±0.40.结论 GDNF-OECs移植联合IN-1抗体注射可有效促进损伤脊髓神经轴突的存活、再生,促进损伤脊髓的修复.     

人胚胎神经干细胞移植治疗大鼠脊髓完全横断损伤

目的：探讨利用人胚胎神经干细胞（hNSC）移植治疗大鼠脊髓完全横断损伤的效果.方法：分离、培养和鉴定hNSC.将培养的hNSC植入脊髓完全横断的Wistar大鼠损伤局部,并设DMEM-F12培养液注射组（对照组）.移植术后第1、2、4、6、8、10周对两组大鼠进行BBB运动功能评分,观察脊髓功能恢复情况;并取损伤处脊髓组织行免疫组织化学染色,了解双苯亚甲胺（Hoechst）标记的移植细胞在体内存活和分化情况.结果：体外细胞培养可获得大量hNSC;细胞移植4周后,实验组的BBB运动功能评分较对照组明显提高（P＜0.01）;第4周、第10周免疫组化结果示移植的hNSC在损伤脊髓内存活、分化形成神经元和神经胶质细胞,并向损伤脊髓头尾两侧迁徙.结论：hNSC移植后仍保持其多向分化能力;hNSC移植可改善脊髓全横断损伤大鼠的运动功能.     

低温保存的嗅鞘细胞移植治疗脊髓损伤的实验研究

目的:观察低温保存复苏后嗅鞘细胞(OECs)局部移植治疗脊髓损伤(SCI)的疗效,探讨低温保存对嗅鞘细胞活性的影响。方法:建立大鼠T10节段脊髓半切损伤模型56只,随机分为四组,每组12只:新鲜OECs移植组(A组),冻存OECs移植组(B组),D/F12培养液移植组(C组)和空白对照组(D组)。A组损失伤局部行新鲜OECs移植,B组将处于对数生长期的OECs冻存3个月,复苏后(用双苯亚甲胺标记)移植到脊髓半切模型大鼠脊髓损伤区。术后第1天、1、2、3、4、6、8及10周时进行联合行为学(CBS)综合评分,术后5周和10周时取材观察移植细胞存活及迁移情况;HE染色及嗜银染色观察脊髓组织病理及轴突情况;NGFRp75免疫组织化学染色情况。结果:术后第1天,2、10周时CBS评分,A组分别为85.78±1.07、58.80±5.00、6.52±2.37;B组分别为86.12±1.29、60.06±6.51、8.15±2.26;C组分别为86.4±1.03、66.28±7.00、30.65±5.60;D组分别为86.75±1.37、69.85±6.61、34.13±5.38。A、B两组间无明显差别(P>0.05);C组与D组间比较无差异(P>0.05);A组及B组较C组和D组在2周后各时段差别有显著意义(P<0.05)。组织学方面,HE染色和嗜银染色A、B两组在术后5周可见多量突起经近侧断端向损伤区域生长,10周时可见神经纤维跨越损伤区域,而C、D组未见有神经纤维跨越损伤区;NGFRp75免疫组化染色,无论5周还是10周,A、B两组在损伤部位均可见阳性染色区域,C、D组未见有阳性着色。术后5周时A、B两组可检测到荧光标记细胞,且可见细胞发生迁移。结论:低温保存的OECs脊髓局部移植治疗SCI与新鲜OECs移植治疗效果无差别。     

嗅鞘细胞移植调节星形细胞活性促进急性脊髓损伤大鼠神经功能恢复

[目的]探讨嗅鞘细胞(OECs)对急性脊髓损伤大鼠星形胶质细胞(AST)激活的影响。[方法]乳鼠嗅球制备嗅鞘细胞,制备急性脊髓损伤模型,随机分为3组,空白组:T_(9-11)椎板去除;对照组:T_(10)脊髓损伤,DMEM/F_(12)移植;实验组:T_(10)脊髓损伤,OEC移植。行BBB评分和体感诱发电位检测评价神经功能,Western Blot检测GFAP、CSPG、bFGF表达变化,观察脊髓损伤后星形胶质细胞激活情况及OEC移植对其影响。[结果](1)脊髓损伤后GFAP阳性细胞数目增加,实验组少于对照组,尼氏染色及NF-200阳性细胞数目实验组多于对照组,差异有统计学意义;(2)Western Blot:脊髓损伤后GFAP、CSPG表达增加,bFGF表达下降,OEC干预后,GFAP、CSPG表达较对照组下降。bFGF表达增加;(3)神经功能:脊髓损伤BBB评分及SEP显示治疗组大鼠神经功能得到改善。[结论]嗅鞘细胞移植可抑制星形胶质细胞增殖,调节因子分泌,促进大鼠脊髓损伤恢复。     

人胚胎嗅鞘细胞移植修复大鼠脊髓全横断损伤

[目的]探索人胚胎嗅鞘细胞(hOECs)移植修复大鼠脊髓全横断损伤的可行性。[方法]分离、培养并鉴定人胚嗅鞘细胞,24只W istar大鼠,随机分为实验组和对照组,均行T10节段脊髓全横断。术后第9~10 d,实验组、对照组分别移植Hoechst33342标记的hOECs 5μl(2.5×105个细胞)、DMEM-F12培养基5μl。移植术后第1、2、4、6、8、10周进行BBB运动功能评分,取材行荧光化学(Hoechst33342)和免疫组织化学染色(P75、NF-200、Syn-aptophysin)。双盲条件下进行数据统计。[结果]移植的hOECs可以在损伤脊髓内存活10周以上,可向损伤脊髓头尾两端迁移;术后4~10周实验组的BBB运动功能评分明显高于对照组(P<0.01);P75染色实验组呈阳性反应;NF-200和Synaptophysin免疫组化染色,实验组神经纤维、突触数目和密度都较对照组高。[结论]hOECs移植对脊髓全横断损伤大鼠运动功能恢复具有促进作用。     

嗅鞘细胞和骨髓基质干细胞联合培养修复大鼠脊髓损伤

目的 探讨嗅鞘细胞(OECs)和骨髓基质干细胞(BMSCs)联合移植修复脊髓损伤的疗效.方法 采用改良Allen法,制备大鼠脊髓损伤模型,随机分成5组:手术对照组、正常对照组、单细胞移植组(OECs或BMSCs)和联合移植组.将联合培养的OECs和BMSCs移植到脊髓完全损伤的大鼠体内.评定功能恢复状况,采用荧光技术对标记后的脊髓进行示踪.结果 OECs和BMSCs移植后均可在体内存活.移植4周后与手术对照组(0.88±0.23)比较,OECs组(2.67±0.24)和BMSCs组(2.66±0.14)的大鼠脊髓功能均有改善,联合移植组(3.12±0.52)功能改善最佳(P＜0.01).结论 OECs与BMSCs在体外可联合培养,OECs的培养液对BMSCs具有向神经元分化的趋化作用,并且两者在移植后均可存活,联合移植较单细胞移植的修复作用更佳.     

骨髓间质干细胞与胚胎嗅鞘细胞联合移植治疗大鼠脊髓损伤的实验研究

目的：观察人骨髓间质干细胞（MSCs）与胚胎嗅鞘细胞（OECs）联合移植治疗大鼠脊髓损伤的效果，探讨共移植的OECs对MSCs分化的影响。方法：采用Allen’s法制作大鼠脊髓损伤模型．随机分为MSCs移植组（A组）、OECs移植组（B组）、MSCs与OECs联合移植组（C组）及PBS注射组（D组），术后1-5周采用BBB评分、经颅磁刺激运动诱发电位及组织学方法检查脊髓损伤修复情况。结果：术后2周起，A、B、C组BBB评分和诱发电位潜伏期与D组比较恢复明显，C组与A、B组相比亦有显著性差异（P〈0．05），术后5周时C组损伤区有较密的神经轴突分布，近端可见大量成束再生轴突；A、B组损伤区及近端再生轴突分布稀疏；D组损伤区及近端少见轴突。C组移植的MSCs中Nestin及NF表达阳性的比率较A组高（P〈0.05）。结论：联合移植OECs可促进MSCs向神经元方向转化，提高MSCs分化为神经元的比例；MSCs与OECs可以在脊髓损伤修复中发挥协同作用，联合细胞移植是提高脊髓损伤修复效果的可行方法。     

嗅鞘细胞经低能激光照射后移植对大鼠脊髓损伤神经功能修复的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) irradiated by low power laser irradiation(LPLI) on the repair of transversal spinal cord injury in rats. Methods Twenty-four SD rats were randomized into 3 even groups after the animal models of spinal cord completely transected at T12 had been established for 4 weeks. OECs(group A), OECs ir-radiated by LPLI(group B) and DMEM fluid(empty control group) were transplanted into the caudal zone of the spinal cord in the 3 groups(n=8) respectively. The functional repair was evaluated by Bundle branch block (BBB) score, pathology and Flumgold label, respectively. The BBB scores before and after transplantation were statistically analyzed by one-factor analysis of variance or repeated measurement anal-ysis of variance, respectively (α=0.05). Results The methods of transplantation and the evaluation time had significant effects on the BBB scores in the 3 groups (P=0.000), and the BBB scores were significantly different among the 3 groups (P=0.000). Anti-NGRFp75 and anti-GFAP staining positive OECs were observed in the cephalic and caudal areas in group B, only anti-GFAP staining positive OECs were observed in group A, but nothing was found in the empty control group. The neural fibers labeled by Flurogold passed through the lesion area and extended into the cephalic and caudal areas in groups A and B, but were not present in the empty control group. Conclusion Although transplantation with both OECs and OECs irradiated by LPLI can promote the repair of spinal cord injury in rats, OECs irradiated by LPLI may be more effective.     

人脐带间充质干细胞与自体激活雪旺细胞联合移植修复脊髓损伤的实验研究

目的 通过观察人脐带间充质干细胞(hUCMSCs)和大鼠自体激活雪旺细胞(AASCs)联合移植修复脊髓损伤的疗效,探讨AASCs对hUCMSCs体内存活、分化的影响.方法 分离、培养hUCMSCs和大鼠AASCs.通过IMPACTOR MODEL-Ⅱ型打击仪将80只Wistar成年雌性大鼠均制作成T10损伤模型,随机分为四组(n=20):DMEM移植对照组、hUCMSCs移植组、AASCs移植组、hUCMSCs与AASCs联合移植组.比较符组动物恢复情况,进行行为学评分(BBB评分),NF-200和GFAP染色观察细胞存活、分化情况,生物素葡聚糖胺示踪观察皮质脊髓束再生情况.结果 4周后各组间BBB评分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),6周后联合移植组明显高于其他三组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).免疫组化染色示联合移植组的hUCMSCs存活数量,NF-200、GFAP阳性荧光面积均明显高于hUCMSCs移植组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),BDA顺行爪踪可见联合移植组于损伤区染色较多,部分纤维延续至损伤远端.结论 AASCs可支持移植的hUCMSCs在损伤部位存活并向神经方向分化,hUCMSCs与AASCs联合移植较二者单独移植能更有效地促进脊髓损伤后运动功能的恢复和轴突再生.     

嗅鞘细胞移植对大鼠损伤脊髓组织中BDNF表达的影响及意义

目的 观察嗅鞘细胞(OEC)移植治疗大鼠脊髓损伤的作用以及脊髓损伤组织中脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)表达的变化,从神经营养因子角度探讨OEC移植修复脊髓损伤的机制.方法 分离和培养绿色荧光蛋白转基因大鼠的OEC,备移植用.取SD大鼠制备脊髓损伤模型,用随机数字表法将建模成功后的SD大鼠分为2组.实验组:建模成功后立即进行OEC移植,移植部位为脊髓损伤处及其首尾正中血管的左右两侧;对照组:用DMEM/F12培养液替代OEC悬液,操作同实验组.移植后对各组大鼠的运动功能进行评分,每周1次.采用实时逆转录聚合酶链反应检测BDNF mRNA的表达,采用免疫组织化学法检测BDNF蛋白的表达,取正常SD大鼠BDNF mRNA和蛋白的检测水平作为正常对照.结果 移植后两组大鼠的运动功能均逐渐改善,移植后21 d时,实验组大鼠运动功能评分明显高于对照组(P＜0.05).移植后OEC存活良好,实验组损伤的脊髓组织周围分布有大量的呈绿色荧光的OEC.移植后21 d时,实验组BDNF mRNA和蛋白的表达水平显著高于对照组和正常对照组(P<0.05),而对照组也显著高于正常对照组(P<0.05).结论 OEC移植可明显修复大鼠的脊髓损伤,其机制可能与OEC通过增强损伤脊髓组织中BDNF mRNA和蛋白的表达,改善局部微环境有关.

Abstract：

Objective To observe the expression of brain-derived neurotrophical factor (BDNF) in injury spinal cord after transplantation olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs), and to investigate the mechanism of OECs repairing spinal cord injury.Methods OECs from GFP transgenic rats were separated and cultured for transplantation. Spinal cord injury rats were separated two groups by random digits table. In experimental group, OECs suspension were transplanted into injured spinal cord following spinal cord injury. In control group, DMEM was transplanted into the injured spinal cord after spinal cord injury. Motor function was evaluated per week after transplantation. The expression levels of BDNF mRNA and protein were detected by using RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry respectively, and compared with those from normal SD rats.Results Motor function of two groups was improved gradually after transplantation. The motor function scores in experimental group was obviously higher than in control group at 21st day after transplantation (P<0.05). A lot of survival GFP OECs distributed around impaired myeloid tissue. At 21st day after transplantation, BDNF mRNA and protein expression in experimental group were strongest (P<0.05), and stronger in control group than in normal group (P<0.05).Conclusion The transplantation of OECs can repair the injured spinal cord by increasing the expression of BDNF mRNA and protein to improve local microenvironment.     

Adult olfactory ensheathing cell transplantation for acute spinal cord injury

Cellular transplantation strategies have been explored for the treatment of spinal cord injury. In particular, olfactory nerve ensheathing cell (OEC) transplantation has been reported to improve functional outcome following injury. We investigated the effect of OEC transplantation using cells derived from adult animals on the restoration of function following a contusion injury to the spinal cord. The NYU impactor was used to create a moderate to severe spinal cord injury in 17 rats. Hoescht stained cultured OECs derived from adult rats (n = 7) or culture medium alone (n = 10) were injected into the injury site immediately following injury. Histological and functional outcomes were measured using immunohistochemistry and the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) scale. All animals transplanted with OECs were found to have surviving Hoescht positive cells within the spinal cord when sacrificed 6 weeks following injury. Immunohistochemical staining of the explanted cords revealed that the surviving cells stained positively for nerve growth factor receptor. Functional outcomes were not different between the transplanted and control groups. OECs transplanted immediately following a contusion injury to the spinal cord survive during the first 6 weeks following injury. These cells do not appear to influence functional outcome during the first 6 weeks following injury. Additional studies are required in order to definitively determine the utility of this type of cellular transplantation for spinal cord injury.     

Influence of cryopreserved olfactory ensheathing cells transplantation on axonal regeneration in spinal cord ofadult rats

Objective: To observe the effects of cryopreserved olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) transplantation on axonal regeneration and functional recovery following spinal cord injury in adult rats. Methods : Twenty-four rats were divided into experimental and control groups, each group having 12 rats. The spinal cord injury was established by transecting the spinal cord at T10 level with microsurgery scissors. OECs were purified from SD rat olfactory bulb and cultured in DMEM ( Dulbecco‘s minimum essential medium) and cryopreserved (-120~C) for two weeks. OECs suspension I (1-1.4) x 105/ul ] was transplanted into transected spinal cord, while the DMEM solution was injected instead in the control group. At 6 and 12 weeks after transplantation, the rats were evaluated with climbing test and MEP ( moter evoked potentials) monitoring. The samples of spinal cord were procured and studied with histological and immunohisto chemical stainings. Results: At 6 weeks after transplantation, all of the rats in both transplanted and control groups were paraplegic, and MEPs could not be recorded. Morphologyof transplanted OECs was normal, and OECs wereinterfused with host well. Axons could regrow into gap tissue between the spinal cords. Both OECs and regrown axons were immunoreactive for MBP. No regrown axons were found in the control group. At 12 weeks after transplantation, 2 rats (2/7) had lower extremities muscle contraction, 2 rats (2/7) had hip and/or knee active movement, and MEP of 5 rats (5/7) could be recorded in the calf in the transplantation group. None of the rats (7/7) in the control group had functional improvement, and none had MEPs recorded. In the transplanted group,histological and immunohistochemical methods showed the number of transplanted OECs reduced and some regrown axons had reached the end of transected spinal cord. However, no regrown axons could be seen except scar formation in the control group. Conclusions: Cryopreserved OECs could integrated with the host and promote regrowing axons across the transected spinal cord ends.     

Survival and number of olfactory ensheathing cells transplanted in contused spinal cord of rats

Objective： To observe the survival and the number of olfactory ensheathing cells （OECs） transplanted in the contused spinal cord, so as to provide a basis for further studying the biological action of OECs.Methods： The rat spinal cords were contused with NYU-impactor Ⅱ at T10 level by dropping a 10 g rod from a height of 25 mm. At the 1st week after injury, OECs isolated freshly from green fluorecense protein （GFP） of the rats were transplanted into the spinal cord at injured site and other two sites 1 mm apart from the caudal and rostral ends with the OECs number of 30000/μl×3 =90000. The survival and the number of OECs were qualitatively and semi-quantitatively observed under the fluorescense microscope from 1 week to 13 weeks after transplantation. The motor function of the cord was evaluated with BBB score.Results： GFP-OECs could survive at least for 13 weeks within the contused spinal cord. Their arrangement was from tight to loose and their number was decreased from 1 week to 13 weeks after injury. The average number of GFP-OECs was 536 at the 1st week, which was less than 1% of the number as compared with original transplantation. After then, the number of GFP-OECs was continually decreased,but the most obvious decrease was found during 1 week to 2 weeks. The extent of decrease at other time points was relatively mild. In contrast to the cell number, motor function of the cord was gradually recovered after transplantation.Conclusions： The survival and the number of GFPOECs are different between the animals and are affected by the pathological reaction of the host cord. Also it is related to the motor function recovery of the contused cord.     

NGF、BDNF基因修饰嗅鞘细胞脊髓内移植对损伤脊髓细胞的保护作用

目的：观察神经生长因子(nerve growth factor，NGF)和脑源性神经营养因子(brain-derived neurotmphic fac-tor，BDNF)基因修饰的嗅神经鞘细胞(Olfactory ensheathing cells，OECs)移植对损伤脊髓组织的保护作用。方法：将脊髓半横断伤SD大鼠模型，随机分为：NGF、BDNF基因修饰的OECs移植组(A组)、OECs移植组(B组)、损伤对照组(C组)和正常对照组(D组)。24h后每组8只动物取伤段标本，测水离子含量。其余动物第6周和12周每组8只动物爬坡试验，评价下肢运动功能及运动诱发电位(MEP)检测。结果：脊髓损伤(SCI)后组织水肿，Na^ 、Ca^2 离子浓度升高，K^ 、Mg^2 离子浓度降低。NGF、BDNF、基因修饰的OECs脊髓内移植后显著改善这些变化，且使SCI后神经功能有显著恢复。结论：NGF、BDNF基因修饰的OECs脊髓内移植对SCI有保护作用。其机制可能与减少神经细胞离子失衡，改善细胞内环境有关。     

嗅鞘细胞移植对脊髓损伤后损伤区髓鞘相关轴突生长抑制因子受体表达的影响

目的：观察嗅鞘细胞移植前后脊髓损伤区髓鞘相关轴突生长抑制因子受体（NgR）的变化,探讨嗅鞘细胞移植治疗脊髓损伤的有关机制。方法：实验于2006年9月至2007年5月在西安交通大学医学院环境与基因重点实验室完成。①实验动物：成年健康SD雄性大鼠40只,用随机数字表法分为正常组、模型组、嗅鞘细胞组和DF12对照组,每组10只。另取30只健康成年雄性SD大鼠作为嗅鞘细胞的来源。②实验方法：除正常组外,其余各组均建立全横切脊髓损伤模型。嗅鞘细胞组将原代培养12d的嗅鞘细胞悬液调整为（1×1011）个/L,在距损伤缘上下各1mm处分4点应用微量注射器注射,深度1.0mm,每处各注射1μl;DF12对照组同法每点注射等量DF12培养液;模型组、正常组不进行任何处理。③观察项目与方法：各组分别于移植后1、4、8周采用免疫组化技术动态检测脊髓损伤区NgR表达的变化。同时在移植后8周后行嗜银染色检测组织形态学变化。结果：①NgR表达的变化：正常组NgR表达的吸光度值明显低于其余3组（P〈0.05）。嗅鞘细胞组于移植后1,4,8周脊髓损伤区NgR的表达均明显低于模型组和DF12对照组（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）,而模型组和DF12对照组差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。②组织形态学变化：嗅鞘细胞移植8周后除正常组外,其余各组均可见明显的神经纤维再生,但模型组与DF12对照组大部分纤维排列紊乱,再生纤维方向性较差;嗅鞘细胞组可见明显的新生轴突,且神经纤维跨越损伤部位修复脊髓损伤,无论在数量还是质量上均优于模型组及DF12对照组。结论：嗅鞘细胞移植可能通过降低脊髓损伤区NgR蛋白的表达,从而促进损伤脊髓的修复。     

OECs移植联合应用尼莫地平促进大鼠脊髓损伤后功能恢复

目的探讨嗅鞘细胞(olfactoryensheathingcells,OECs)移植联合应用尼莫地平,恢复大鼠脊髓损伤后的功能。方法将成年大鼠分为脊髓半切洞损伤组(A组),脊髓半切洞损伤 OECs移植组(B组)和脊髓半切洞 OECs 尼莫地平移植组(C组)。手术后应用联合行为评分(CBS),感觉诱发电位(SEP)和运动诱发电位(MEP)检查,测定脊髓功能恢复情况。结果3组CBS得分A组>B组>C组,SEP和MEP潜峰时,均A组>B组>C组。统计分析均差异显著性(P<0.05)。结论移植OECs 尼莫地平能促进损伤脊髓功能的恢复。     

纤维蛋白胶促进急性完全横断性脊髓损伤修复的初步研究

目的探讨纤维蛋白胶（fibri nglue，FG）对完全横断性脊髓损伤修复和再生的影响。方法取健康雌性SD大鼠10只，体重250～300g，制备急性完全横断性脊髓损伤模型。随机将其分为实验组和对照组，每组5只，实验组脊髓断端注入FG（100 μL／只），对照组不予任何治疗。术后4周，采用BBB运动评分法进行运动功能评价。术后4周处死动物，应用免疫组织化学方法观察神经中丝（neurofilament，NF）和神经胶质纤维酸性蛋白（glial fibrillary acidic protein，GFAP）表达。采用图像分析方法，对脊髓横断处远、近端进行神经纤维计数及GFAP面积比分析。结果BBB运动评分：对照组（2．40&#177;0、51）分，实验组（3．00&#177;0．45）分，两组间运动功能比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。免疫组织化学观察示，对照组近、远端可见少量NF阳性细胞和GFAP阳性结构；实验组近、远端可见大量NF阳性细胞及GFAP阳性结构生长，并向损伤中心区汇聚，但未到达中心区。图像分析显示，神经纤维数量：实验组近端（113．10&#177;20．75）根、远端（73．60&#177;33．61）根，对照组近端（45．50&#177;17．18）根、远端（23．50&#177;8．20）根；GFAP面积比：实验组近端33．75％&#177;11．06％、远端27．75％&#177;7．15％，对照组近端23．78％&#177;5．76％、远端19．78％&#177;5．17％；实验组与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论FG对脊髓损伤具有一定程度的修复及促进其再生的作用。     

bFGF与骨髓间充质干细胞联合应用对大鼠脊髓损伤的修复作用

目的:观察骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)与成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)联合移植对大鼠脊髓损伤的修复作用,并探讨其机制。方法:利用血清培养技术获得SD大鼠BMSCs。80只健康雄性6周龄SD大鼠(重约240 g)随机分为4组,每组20只。假手术组行单纯椎板切除,不损伤脊髓,与其余3组同条件饲养。其余3组均采用左侧T9脊髓半切,建立脊髓损伤模型。制模9 d后进行损伤局部移植治疗,对照组损伤处植入吸附有生理盐水的明胶海绵;BMSCs移植组损伤处植入吸附有BMSCs的明胶海绵;bFGF+BMSCs移植组损伤处植入吸附有bFGF+BMSCs的明胶海绵。术后4、8周后Western blotting分析受损脊髓组织中NF-200、GFAP表达水平,Basso Beattie Bresnahan (BBB)运动功能评分量表评价大鼠的后肢功能恢复情况。结果:术后4、8周后BMSCs移植组和bFGF+BMSCs移植组的(BBB)评分较对照组改善(P0.05),且bFGF+BMSCs移植组与BMSCs移植组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);术后4、8周后NF200在对照组表达极少,在BMSCs移植组只有少量表达,而bFGF+BMSCs移植组呈高表达(P0.05)。GFAP在对照组表达高,BMSCs移植组少量表达,bFGF+BMSCs移植组呈现低表达(P0.05)。bFGF+BMSCs移植组与BMSCs移植组、对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:BMSCs与bFGF联合移植对大鼠脊髓损伤有修复作用,机制可能与其降低GFAP表达及升高NF-200表达有关。