高中生成就动机与学业情绪、学业成绩的关系研究

为探讨高中生成就动机与学业情绪、学业成绩的关系,对265名高中生进行问卷调查。结果显示,趋近动机(M)s与积极学业情绪和学业成绩呈正相关,且对两种积极学业情绪和学业成绩均有正向预测作用,对消极低唤醒学业情绪有负向预测作用;回避动机(M)f与积极学业情绪和学业成绩呈负相关,而与消极学业情绪呈正相关,并能正向预测消极低唤醒学业情绪,负向预测积极低唤醒学业情绪和学业成绩。积极低唤醒学业情绪和消极低唤醒学业情绪在成就动机和学业成绩之间起部分中介效应,积极高唤醒学业情绪只在趋近动机和学业成绩之间起部分中介效应。     

学业情绪和学习压力对高中生学业成绩的调节作用

本研究探讨学业情绪、学习压力对高中生学业成绩关系的影响,为提高高中生的学习成绩提供理论依据,采用学业情绪问卷、心理健康问卷中的学习压力分问卷对750名高中生进行调查.结果发现:高中生学业情绪存在年级与性别差异;学习压力与学业情绪中的积极高唤醒、消极高唤醒、学习成绩呈显著负相关,与积极低唤醒、消极低唤醒呈显著正相关;学业成绩与学业情绪中的积极高唤醒、积极低唤醒呈显著正相关,与消极高唤醒、消极低唤醒呈显著负相关.积极高唤醒 ×学习压力交互项、消极高唤醒×学习压力交互项均对学习成绩有预测作用.学习压力对学业情绪与学业成绩的关系具有一定的调节效应.     

学校归属感对高职生学习投入的影响——基于学业自我效能和学业情绪的链式中介效应

为探讨学校归属感对高职生学习投入的影响,以及学业自我效能感与学业情绪的中介作用机制,采用问卷法调查了2136名在校高职生。结果显示：(1)高职生的学校归属感可显著正向预测其学习投入;(2)高职生的学业自我效能感分别和积极高唤醒情绪、积极低唤醒情绪、消极高唤醒情绪、消极低唤醒情绪在学校归属感与学习投入间起链式中介作用。建议通过增强学校归属感、提高学业自我效能感、培养积极的学业情绪、消除消极的学业情绪等措施来提高高职生的学习投入水平。     

论初中生负性情绪对英语学业成绩的影响 ——以正性情绪的调节效应为例

研究基于开阔—创造理论,从积极心理学视角出发,考查198名初二学生的正性情绪、负性情绪和英语学业水平之间的关系.结果表明,学生的消极高唤醒和消极低唤醒均能显著预测学生的英语学业成绩.积极低唤醒情绪在消极高唤醒和英语学业成绩过程中起调节作用,且在消极低唤醒和英语学业成绩中也起调节作用.     

母亲学业参与和儿童心理适应:成就目标的中介作用

本研究采用整群抽样法,以班级为单位对571名小学中、高年级儿童进行集体问卷调查,考察母亲学业参与和儿童学业、情绪适应的关系以及儿童成就目标的中介效应和性别的调节效应。结果发现（1）母亲自主支持显著正向预测儿童的学习策略、学业成绩,显著负向预测儿童的消极情绪;母亲心理控制显著正向预测儿童的学习策略和消极情绪,不预测儿童的学业成绩。（2）儿童的掌握目标在母亲自主支持与儿童学习策略、消极情绪之间起部分中介效应,在母亲自主支持与儿童学业成绩之间起完全中介效应。（3）儿童的掌握目标和成绩目标在母亲心理控制和儿童学业、情绪适应之间的中介效应不显著。这些结果在男孩与女孩之间具有一致性。     

初中生学业自我概念、学业情绪与学业成绩的关系

对500名初中生施测学业自我概念问卷、青少年学业情绪问卷,以探讨初中生学业自我概念、学业情绪对其学业成绩的影响模式。结果发现：（1）除了语文自我概念与消极高、低学业情绪以及学业成绩相关不显著外,其他变量之间都显著相关;（2）学业情绪和学业自我概念各维度都能够显著预测学业成绩;（3）学业自我概念的各维度能够显著预测积极高、低唤醒度学业情绪,但语文自我概念并不能显著预测消极高、低唤醒度学业情绪。因此研究得出结论：学业自我概念和学业情绪是影响学业成绩的重要因素,数学和英语学业自我概念对学业情绪的影响需要获得更多关注。     

课堂环境知觉与学业情绪——学业效能的中介作用

采用问卷调查法对429名高中生的课堂环境知觉、学业情绪与学业效能之间的关系进行研究,结果表明:(1)学业情绪在学校类型、性别上差异显著。(2)学业卷入与学业效能、积极学业情绪呈显著正相关,与消极学业情绪呈显著负相关;苛刻等级评定、评价焦点分别与学业效能、积极学业情绪呈显著负相关,与消极学业情绪呈显著正相关。(3)学业效能在课堂环境知觉与学业情绪之间起部分中介作用。     

教师自主支持对初中生学校适应的影响:有调节的中介模型

采用学习氛围量表、学校适应量表、青少年学业情绪问卷和意向性自我调节量表,对663名初中生进行问卷调查,探讨学业情绪在教师自主支持与初中生学校适应之间的中介效应,以及这一中介效应能否被意向性自我调节所调节.结果发现:学生感知的教师自主支持、学业情绪、意向性自我调节、学校适应之间均呈现显著相关关系;消极高唤醒和消极低唤醒学业情绪在教师自主支持与学校适应关系中起部分中介作用;学业情绪的中介作用受到意向性自我调节的调节.为了改善和提高青少年的学校适应水平,学校和教师应积极营造自主支持的教育氛围,注重改善学生的学业情绪,同时着力提升青少年的意向性自我调节能力.     

学业情绪对听障学生学习投入的影响：成就目标定向的中介作用

学习投入是学习过程的重要观测指标，能够预测学生的学业成就，是学生学业成功的关键因素，是衡量学生学习质量和教育质量的重要指标。以456名3～9年级听障学生为被试，采用问卷调查法考察了听障学生学业情绪现状以及学业情绪、成就目标定向与学习投入之间的关系。结果发现：听障学生学业情绪整体上良好；掌握趋近目标在听障学生积极学业情绪对学习投入的影响中发挥正向的中介作用；成绩趋近目标在听障学生积极学业情绪对学习投入的影响中发挥正向的中介作用；掌握回避目标在听障学生积极学业情绪对学习投入的影响中发挥负向的中介作用。     

高中生生活满意度与学业成绩的关系:学业自我概念的中介作用

为探究高中生的生活满意度、学业自我概念与学业成绩的关系,选取了高一至高三年级的872名学生进行问卷调查。结果发现:(1)在ASLSS上,女生的得分普遍明显高于男生,男生仅在学业满意度上的得分显著高于女生,在ASCS上,男生在学业能力知觉上的得分显著高于女生,而女生则在学业成就价值上的得分显著高于男生;(2)高中生在ASLSS与ASCS上,大致表现为,随着年级的增高,生活得越来越不愉快,对学业的认知与评价也日趋消极;(3)在ASLSS之中,学校、学业、家庭、环境以及自由等层面的满意度均能正向预测高中生的学业自我概念,另有学业、学校和家庭三个层面的满意度均能正向预测高中生的学业成绩;(4)高中生的学业自我概念不仅会直接影响其学业成绩,且在生活满意度与学业成绩之间起部分中介作用。     

Bilingualism and academic achievement

Using the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Cohort, this study examines the role that bilingualism plays in children's academic developmental trajectories during their early school years, with particular attention on the school environment (N = 16,380). Growth-curve results showed that despite starting with lower math scores in kindergarten, Mixed Bilingual children fully closed the math gap with their White English Monolingual peers by fifth grade. However, because non-English-Dominant Bilinguals and non-English Monolinguals started kindergarten with significantly lower reading and math scores compared to their English Monolingual peers, by fifth grade the former groups still had significantly lower scores. School-level factors explained about one third of the reductions in the differences in children's academic performance.     

Affective processes and academic achievement

Achievement, empathy, depressive affectivity, aggression, and self-concept measures were obtained for 8-9- and 10-11-year-olds. Depressive affectivity and aggression were assessed by teacher ratings and self-reports. Empathy was assessed by audiovisual tapes. Measures were readministered to the younger group 2 years later. Achievement scores were highly stable. Significant test-retest correlations were also found for the affective measures. Self-reports were negligibly related to achievement. For girls, strong relations were found between empathy at age 8-9 and achievement in reading and spelling at age 10-11. Teacher ratings of depressive affectivity were inversely related to achievement for boys and girls at age 8-9, but significant at age 10-11 for girls only. Initial ratings of depressive affectivity were predictive of girls' subsequent achievement. A similar pattern was found for teacher ratings of aggression.     

Game addiction and academic achievement

The primary aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between game addiction and academic achievement. The secondary aim was to adapt a self-report instrument to measure game addiction. Three hundred and seventy high school students participated in this study. Data were collected via an online questionnaire that included a brief explanation of the aim of the study, demographical questions, game addiction scale (GAS) and the grade point average of the current year. The GAS had two forms: (i) 21-item and (ii) 7-item. Game addiction and academic achievement were negatively correlated but this correlation was not supported by regression and structural equation modelling analyses. The present study primarily suggests that there may be a negative correlation between game addiction and academic achievement; however, this correlation may be qualified as negligible. In addition, the two forms of the GAS were adapted for Turkish language with reliability and validity to measure computer and video game addiction in adolescents as promising instruments.     

Mentor support and academic achievement

How does the support of mentors based in Study Centres affect the performance of distance education students, both in their course assignments and in their final examinations? Helmut Fritsch and Gerhard Ströhlein ‐ from the Central Institute for Distance Education Research (ZIFF) in the FemUniversitat in West Germany ‐ address this question through an analysis of some of the data collected at the University. In their discussion, they also shed light on some of the methodological problems raised by this kind of analysis, while stressing the system‐specific nature of their findings.     

Socioeconomic determinants of academic achievement

This study aims to investigate the relationship between academic achievement and the socioeconomic characteristics of elementary school 7th grade students in Burdur. The population of the study are 7th grade students who had education at elementary schools in Burdur in the 2007?C2008 academic year. Two staged sampling was chosen as suitable for the aim of research. In the first stage, settlements were chosen with the random settlement group sampling method. In the second stage, schools in chosen settlements were picked up with the random method considering the number of students who have taken SBS examination. Socioeconomic variables of students generally explain 39.2?% of SBS points of student. When standard beta values are observed, variables which have the most effect on the SBS points of students are: attending a course or having private lessons, father??s education, the average monthly income per capita, attending a course or having private lessons and mother??s education.     

The academic achievement of American Indians

The academic achievement of American Indians has not been extensively studied. Using NAEP supplements, we find that the average achievement relative to white students resembles other disadvantaged groups. However, there are several differences. Family characteristics explain two times as much of the raw gap as for blacks. School factors also account for a larger portion of the gap than for blacks or Hispanics. The distribution is also strikingly different: low performing American Indian students have a substantially larger gap than high performing students. Finally, racial self-identification is more strongly related to achievement, especially as American Indian students age.     

Metacognition, achievement goals, study strategies and academic achievement: pathways to achievement

The purpose of this research was to develop and test a model of effective self-regulated learning. Based on effort expenditure we discerned effective self-regulators and less effective self-regulators. The model comprised achievement goals (mastery, performance-approach and -avoidance goals), metacognition (metacognitive knowledge, regulation and experience), study strategies (metacognitive, deep cognitive, surface cognitive and resource management strategies) and academic achievement. The relationships in the model were tested with controlling for intellectual ability, gender and age. The results showed that effective self-regulated learning involved two pathways: a metacognitive and a strategy pathway. The first pathway involved a positive relationship of mastery goals and a negative relationship of performance-avoidance goals with metacognition. Metacognition positively affected the use of the four study strategies. The strategy pathway involved positive effects of mastery and performance-approach goals on the use of metacognitive and deep cognitive strategies. Further, performance-approach goals positively affected the use of surface cognitive and resource management strategies. The use of metacognitive and resource management strategies had a positive and the use of surface cognitive strategies had a negative effect on exam scores.     

IQ and neuropsychological predictors of academic achievement

Word reading and math computation scores were predicted from Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence Full Scale IQ, 10 neuropsychological tests, and parent attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) ratings in 214 general population elementary school children. IQ was the best single predictor of achievement. In addition, Digit Span contributed significantly to reading prediction, and the Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration (VMI) and Coding contributed to math prediction. The remaining neuropsychological test scores did not significantly improve achievement prediction. Exploratory factor analysis yielded a general ability factor (comprising the four IQ subtests, Digit Span, VMI, reading, and math), five factors made up solely of subtests from single measures (Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Stroop Color and Word Test, Gordon Diagnostic System, California Verbal Learning Test, and ADHD ratings), a factor consisting of Grooved Pegboard Test and Coding, and a factor consisting of Symbol Search and Animal Naming Test.     

心理因素对学业不良生学业成就的影响

运用心理测量和数理统计分析手段与方法,对影响学业不良生学业成就心理因素的发展特点及其综合作用机制进行实证研究,认为学生缺乏内在学习动机和正确的学习控制性观念,缺乏元认知调节能力及系统的认知结构是导致学业不良的最主要原因.智力水平与学业不良生学业成就之间不存在显著的直接因果关系.非智力因素、原有认知结构在直接影响学业不良生学业成就的同时,还产生显著的间接作用.     

Expectancy value interactions and academic achievement: Differential relationships with achievement measures

Motivation predicts academic achievement beyond cognitive ability. Expectancy value theory (Eccles et al., 1983) is a widely accepted and powerful approach explaining academic achievement as well as educational choices and attainment. Recently, attention to the multiplicative term of expectancy and value beliefs has increased. Trautwein et al. (2012) reported a detrimental effect of high task value when expectancy beliefs were low. We aimed to replicate and extend their study by using a large, representative sample of students attending upper secondary school in the German federal state Schleswig-Holstein (N = 3367). Following Trautwein et al. (2012), we applied latent interaction modelling to test whether the predictive value of expectancy value interactions differs for grades, final examinations, and standardized test scores as measures of achievement in two domains. We took the multi-dimensional structure of task value into consideration, analyzing the four components (attainment, intrinsic value, utility and cost) separately. Both a verbal and a non-verbal domain (English as a foreign language and mathematics) were investigated. Overall, the results supported those of Trautwein et al. (2012). However, our findings suggested measure- and domain-specific differences when using expectancy value beliefs and their interactions to predict academic achievement. Interaction terms predicted final examination results in both English and mathematics. Further, interaction effects were significant for grades in English but not mathematics. In general, effect sizes of multiplicative terms were small, especially in contrast to expectancy beliefs. Findings are discussed regarding the practical and conceptual importance of the multiplicative term in expectancy value theory applied in an educational setting.