线导鱼雷靶场散布分析

在线导鱼雷实施导引过程中应充分考虑鱼雷靶场散布范围的大小,以确保鱼雷能进入对目标实施有效自导的区域内。基于平台作战仿真、装备作战效能评估和武器作战使用方法研究等应用的需要,考虑到鱼雷制导方式的差异,分析了线导鱼雷导引过程中造成鱼雷散布的原因。鱼雷位置散布可分为鱼雷靶场散布和舰艇散布,其中前者是引起鱼雷位置散布的主要因素。该文给出了鱼雷靶场散布的数学模型,计算了鱼雷航程误差、鱼雷横向误差和鱼雷深度误差的范围,并以鱼雷的平均位置为中心,以深度误差为厚度,以航程误差和横向误差为长短半轴,得到了线导鱼雷导引过程中鱼雷位置散布范围为一扁平椭圆体的结论。     

基于以太网的鱼雷声光复合制导全弹道仿真平台构建

光纤线导＋声尾流制导的复合制导方式能够较好地克服单一制导方式的缺点,提高鱼雷武器在复杂水声物理场环境中对目标的探测距离和导引精度。本文研究了鱼雷射前流程,作战态势,线导方法以及舰船尾流模型和尾流自导检测模型等内容,完成了基于以太网的鱼雷线导＋尾流制导全弹道仿真平台构建,为下一步半实物鱼雷全弹道仿真平台构建提供技术支撑,可以支持完成复合制导鱼雷的使用方法和性能评价等一系列研究工作。     

线导鱼雷导引方法的组合使用策略研究

单一线导导引方法不能发挥鱼雷的最大作战效能,为解决这一问题,根据鱼雷攻击各阶段的线导导引目的,提出了线导导引方法组合策略及对其使用的时机、条件、信息以及建模的各种需求,并通过仿真试验对组合使用的攻击效果进行了验证,对线导鱼雷攻击机动目标导引控制方法研究具有一定参考价值。     

水面舰运动要素误差对线导雷极限射距计算影响

在研究线导雷极限射距计算方法及影响因素的基础上，建立了潜艇使用线导鱼雷攻击单艘匀速直航水面舰时极限射距计算的仿真模型，该模型采用偏离方位法发射线导鱼雷，线导段采用保持距离导引法作为导引方式，自导追踪段采用尾流自导方式，具有较好的实用性。潜艇在线导鱼雷攻击过程中，根据指控系统计算得出的水面舰速度和舷角值，并估计其误差范围，通过仿真计算得出不同误差条件下的线导鱼雷极限射距，从而使指挥员能对计算结果的准确性作出评估，有利于提高线导鱼雷攻击的成功率。     

线导鱼雷的速制及其作战运用

依据鱼雷武器作战使用的战术要求和线导鱼雷导引控制的技术条件,在分析鱼雷辐射噪声、速度对作战使用所产生的影响的基础上,论述了线导鱼雷采用多速制的必要性和必然性.然后,通过仿真计算指出,尽管鱼雷具备多速制,如果导引应用上不能有效地利用鱼雷的速度资源,仍然会对作战应用带来极大限制.据此提出为了真正发挥多速制线导鱼雷的战术效能,发射平台应提供交替使用鱼雷不同速制的导引方法,以便既能够发挥鱼雷高速制速度快、接近目标时间短的优势,又能发挥鱼雷低速时辐射噪声小、利于平台声纳探测的特长.并指出交替使用高低速导引需要着重解决的问题.     

线导鱼雷导引方法综述

结合潜艇和鱼雷的作战使用特点，综述了现有的线导鱼雷导引方法，并对其优缺点进行了分析。     

线导鱼雷靶场散布试验鉴定方法

鱼雷靶场散布是线导鱼雷作战能力的重要指标,也是线导鱼雷试验鉴定的重要内容.分析了线导鱼雷导引过程中产生鱼雷散布的原因,建立了雷位误差和深度误差数学模型,应用试验设计理论确定了试验项目与试验样本,并通过对影响线导鱼雷靶场散布主要因素的分析,确定了试验方案设计原则,提出了试验评定方法.该方法为制定线导鱼雷靶场散布试验鉴定和方案设计提供了理论依据,也可为线导鱼雷作战仿真及作战效能评估提供参考.     

基于模糊控制的线导鱼雷组合导引方法

在深入分析线导＋尾流自导鱼雷方位导引和前置点导引方法的基础上，综合方位导引和前置点导引的优点，给出了一种线导鱼雷的组合导引方法。通过引入模糊控制方法，根据目标运动状态和距离远近等信息自适应地调节导引参数，可有效地将鱼雷导引到尾流制导的理想攻击阵位上。仿真结果表明，该方法可以导引鱼雷按照要求入射目标尾流，且具有较好的弹道特性。该智能组合导引律结构简单，易于实现，有一定的工程实践意义。     

线导＋尾流自导鱼雷射击阵位仿真研究

为了提高线导＋尾流自导鱼雷的命中概率，需要以合适的角度进入目标尾流。本文依据线导鱼雷的现在方位导引法进行了仿真，探讨了鱼雷进入尾流的角度与初始敌舷角、初始射距和目标航速的关系，定量分析了各自对尾流进入角度的影响程度，并根据线导鱼雷进入目标尾流的概率，获得了线导鱼雷采用现在方位导引法时的有效射击阵位，并与采用前置点导引法进行了对比，分析了射击阵位对鱼雷攻击效果的影响。     

鱼雷性能与武器系统性能匹配研究

研究了鱼雷速度和自导作用距离与武器系统误差的匹配问题，进行了仿真计算，计算结果表明，线导遥控鱼雷发现目标后，在自导导引过程中，因敌舷角等条件的变化，鱼雷会丢失目标，导致鱼雷命中概率降低，因此，应以发现概率与命中概率的乘积作为最优匹配的评定准则，提高自导导引时鱼雷速度是最优匹配的首要选择，给出了最优匹配的鱼雷参数。     

Nitrosation and Nitration of Tetraacetyldibenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane

Tetraacetyldibenzylhitane (TADBIW) was subjected to debenzylation by nitrosating with inorganic materials available commercially to synthesize tetraacetyldinitrosohexaazaisowurtzitane (TADNSIW). TADNSIW was purified, and its structure was determined by FTIR, 1H NMR, MS and element analysis. The debenzylation reaction of TADBIW gave quantitative benzaldehyde as a by-product. This indicates that the reaction produces an imine cation as an intermediate. Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) was prepared from unpurified TADNSIW with the yield over 96.0 % and the purity more than 98.0 %. And the mechanism of the reaction from TADNSIW to HNIW is proposed to be oxidation of nitroso and nitration of acetyl on the molecule of TADNSIW, This reaction system involved is simple, and the reaction can complete within a short time and under mild conditions. The product can be easily to separate and the waste disposed readily.     

A Robust Algorithm for Watermarking 2D Vector Maps with Low Shape-Distortions

The technique of watermarking has been introduced into 2D vector maps for many potential applications such as protecting the copyright of important GIS （geographical information system） data and tracing the data source of military maps. In most previous works, although the validity of the map data could be preserved during the embedding procedure, the shape-distortions of the map elements are usually neglected which would tend to degrade the invisibility of the watermarking schemes. A shape-preserving algorithm for watermarking 2D vector maps is presented in this paper. A 1D distance sequence extracted from the original map is adopted as the cover data instead of 2D coordinates. A watermark bit is represented by changing the distributions of the cover data. The embedding procedure induces lower shape-distortions than in former works. Experimental results indicate better invisibility of the proposed scheme, as well as its robustness to certain attacks such as map simplification, interpolation, additive noise and most geometric transforms.     

Stability of the Third Generation Intensifier under Illumination

The stability under illumination of transmission-mode GaAs photocathode sealed in the third generation intensifier is investigated by use of spectral response testing instruments. The variations of spectral response with the illumination times under weak and intense illumination are compared. The variations of photoemission performance parameters are also characterized. The results show that during initial several weak illuminations photocathode behaves no evident decay and a maximum sensitivity is achieved, while under intense illumination the sensitivity of photocathode begin to decrease largely at the first illumination. The calculated performance parameters show that the variation of surface escape probability with illumination times is a direct cause of instability of photocathode. It is also found that under intense illumination peak wavelength is moved towards short-wave and peak response is decreased, which shows that the ability of long-wave response of photocathode is decreased.     

Open Rule-setting System Applied to Conceptual Design of Engines

Open rule-setting method advanced in this paper concentrates on providing designers of engines with a convenient way to express their design innovations and develop the expected prototypes in the early CAD stage, and constitute effective models for the following analysis process of CAE and CAPP. The problems arisen in the process of conceptual design with the traditional experience-based development method are analyzed. Based on those analyses, open rule-setting method is presented and some associated technical problems are discussed. The functional framework of open rule-setting system was built as software engineering methods. The speciality of the engine product as a kind of complex product and the requirement of the engine product based on its structural particularity to rule-setting system are considered carefully. A demonstration is supplied to illustrate how the open rule-setting method enhances the efficiency and quality of the engine conceptual design.     

Research on Linux Network Device Driver

By analyzing the working principle of Linux network device driver, discussing the Linux network driver structure and its key technologies, the general network driver structure and its design methodologies in Linux system are summarized. Through modifying the network device driver of Linux device driver 3rd version snull, c and improving the COW technology, the Zero-Copy technology in Linux （kernel version 2.6.11 ） is implemented. In the end, the success test tells us that the thorough analysis of network device driver is the foundation of many applications, and it also provides a certain improvement to a lot of real applications, even to military application development.     

Improvement and Experiment of the Reamer in Vibra Cutter Against Wave Edge of Titanium Sheet Alloy Parts

By analyzing the influencing factors of part quality making of sheet alloy of titanium by vibra cutter, the shape of upper reamer is set as cylinder and wedge-shaped form, and the lower reamer as plain and hemicycle form, and its main structural parameters are defined as well. Then it is validated further that such improved vibra cutter reamer can be used to process curve-edged parts of titanium alloy sheet. The experimental result shows that the titanium alloy sheet parts processed by above equipment have no sharpen angles for convex parts and evident crevasse of concave-edged part. In summary, such improvement can eliminate the free-waved edge and improve the manufacture quality of titanium alloy sheet parts greatly.     

Experimental Study on the Small Flyer Initiating Behavior of Fine-grained Explosives

The initiating behavior of fine-grained explosives by small flyer is studied. The diameter of small flyer in this device is 1 ram. The test results indicate that the granularity of explosives has great effect on its flyer initiating sensitivity.The flyer initiating sensitivity of the fine-grained explosives is higher and the critical initiating energy is lower than that of common explosives. For common explosive, the flyer initiating sensitivity increases as the density is reduced. But for the fine-grained explosive, the test results are exactly opposite.     

Passive Acoustic Radar for Detecting Supersonic Cruise Missile

A Passive Acoustic Radar is presented as a necessary complement to electromagnetic wave radar, which will be expected to be an effective means for detecting cruise missiles. Acoustic characteristics of supersonic flying projectiles with diverse shapes are expounded via experiment. It is pointed out that simulation experiment could be implemented using bullet or shell instead of cruise missile. Based on theoretical analysis and experiment, the ““acoustic fingerprint““ character of cruise missile is illustrated to identify it in a strong noise environment. After establishing a locating mathematical model, the technique of acoustic embattling is utilized to resolve a problem of confirming the time of early-warning, considering the fact that velocity of sound is much slower than that of light. Thereby, a whole system of passive acoustic radar for detecting supersonic cruise missile is formed.     

Algorithm for Multi-laser-target Tracking Based on Clustering Fusion

Multi-laser-target tracking is an important subject in the field of signal processing of laser warners. A clustering method is applied to the measurement of laser warner, and the space-time fusion for measurements in the same cluster is accomplished. Real-time tracking of multi-laser-target and real-time picking of multi-laser-signal are introduced using data fusion of the measurements. A prototype device of the algorithm is built up. The results of experiments show that the algorithm is very effective.     

Robust Graded Sliding Mode Tracking Control for Low Speed Spinning Ballistic Missiles

The nonlinear dynamic model of spinning ballistic missiles is established during the first boosting phase of the missile. Based on the conventional backstepping sliding mode control and the assumption of a two time-scale separation of missile dynamics, a graded sliding mode controller is designed with two sub-sliding surfaces which have invariability to external disturbances and parameter perturbations, and a matrix which comprises three first order low pass filters is introduced to prevent ＂explosion of terms＂. Owing to the upper bounds of the uncertainties are difficult to obtain in advance, adaptive laws are introduced to estimate the values of the uncertainties in real-time. Eventually, the numerical simulation results given to show the proposed controller can ensure the steady flight of missiles.