微软数据访问组件应用研究

信息工程的核心系统是数据库管理系统,而数据访问技术是数据库管理系统软件开发的重点和难点。目前较为流行的开发平台是微软的Windows系列平台,而基于Windows平台的数据访问组件有很多种,根据开发环境选择合适的组件能大大提高开发效率和软件的性能。文中简要回顾微软的数据访问组件(MDAC)的发展历程,对目前常用的组件进行比较和分析并对最新的ADO.NET的体系结构和使用技术进行探讨。     

Software quality by management learning from the manufacturing industries

This article looks at software quality from a managerial point of view. Despite the wealth of literature about software quality and how it is measured, high quality software systems are still alarmingly rare. It is suggested that DP management should look to modern production management for a lesson in how to promote quality in their products. This in turn means observing Japanese methods of management, in particular the innovation of the early eighties — the quality circle. Also investigated is the suspicion that today's DP staff would be unwilling to accept changes that management may be forced to adopt to improve the quality of software systems.     

面向方面编程技术的研究

介绍了软件开发中横切关系带来的问题,以及这些问题的当前解决方法和这些方法的缺点。进而介绍AOP的编程方式及其模块化横切关注点的实现,最后总结了AOP的好处并对其在软件开发的前景进行了展望。     

AOP--横切关注点的解决之道

介绍了软件开发中横切关系带来的问题,以及这些问题的当前解决方法和这些方法的缺点。进而介绍AOP的编程方式及其模块化横切关注点的实现,最后总结了AOP的好处并对其在软件开发的前景进行了展望。     

Software Quality and Management: How the World's Most Powerful Software Makers do it

Controlling software quality is a major challenge in modern software development projects. This article looks at software development practices at the two largest producers of software, IBM and Microsoft, and compares them against the Software Engineering Institute's (SEI) Capability Maturity Model (CMM). It concludes that rigorous quality controls and the CMM's basic premise for reaching higher maturity are still the best ways to produce quality software.     

Organisational considerations for software reuse

Reuse is widely promoted as one of the most promising methods for increasing productivity and quality within software development. Until recently most research into strategies for systematic reuse has focused on solution of the technical issues. Now as companies (mostly IT focused) implement the strategies developed, they find there are other issues which hold back their success, somewhat unrelated to the technical solutions offered. Reuse processes are not simple technologies and methods slotted into a development, like the transition in design notation from traditional approaches to an object-;orientated method. Whereas technology changes involve retraining developers. Reuse requires the whole organisation and funding of development to be revised. If the magnitude of change involved in transitioning an IT organisation is so encompassing, where does this leave the rest of industry which is increasingly reliant on software to support their business process? This paper looks at organisational and management issues raised by the introduction of software reuse to the development process. We identify inhibitors of reuse adoption, look at causes of these and suggest possible solutions. We aim to concisely present all those non-;technical issues that should be considered when introducing a reuse program. Considered also is how these issues affect companies which have IT in only a business support capacity, making this paper relevant throughout industry.     

基于Web Service的B/S型弹箭多媒体信息管理系统

提出一个以多媒体数据库为核心,各功能模块通过ASP.NET应用程序调用独立于网络上的Web Service来实现的,Browser/Server模型的弹箭多媒体信息管理系统。设计人员无须在客户计算机上安装任何软件即可通过浏览器在网络上实现在其权限以内查询多媒体信息等各种操作。     

Executive Information Systems: Successes and Failures,Insights and Misconceptions

Executive information systems have come a long way in a short period of time. Management consultants, software and hardware vendors, the MIS department, and executive users have all played important rotes in this development. This article reviews executive information systems, assesses where they are today, and looks ahead to what is Just over the horizon.     

Executive Information Systems: Successes and Failures, Insights and Misconceptions

Executive information systems have come a long way in a short period of time. Management consultants, software and hardware vendors, the MIS department, and executive users have all played important rotes in this development. This article reviews executive information systems, assesses where they are today, and looks ahead to what is Just over the horizon.     

Software Quality and Management: How the World's Most Powerful Software Makers do it

Abstract

Controlling software quality is a major challenge in modern software development projects. This article looks at software development practices at the two largest producers of software, IBM and Microsoft, and compares them against the Software Engineering Institute's (SEI) Capability Maturity Model (CMM). It concludes that rigorous quality controls and the CMM's basic premise for reaching higher maturity are still the best ways to produce quality software.     

Environments for image processing algorithm development

The development of image processing algorithms can be greatly assisted by a software environment which is suitable for rapidly implementing and testing new ideas. This paper looks at a traditional approach to providing such an environment and highlights its weaknesses. The requirements of an ideal system are summarized and some observations are made about alternative software approaches.     

Making Software Visible, Operational, and Maintainable in a Small Project Environment

Practical suggestions are presented for effectively managing software development in small-project environments (i.e., no more than several million dollars per year). The suggestions are based on an approach to product development using a product assurance group that is independent from the development group. Within this check-and-balance management/development/product assurance structure, a design review process is described that effects an orderly transition from customer needs statement to software code. The testing activity that follows this process is then explained. Finally, the activities of a change control body (called a configuration control board) and supporting functions geared to maintaining delivered software are described. The suggested software management practices result from the experience of a small (approximately 100 employees) software engineering company that develops and maintains computer systems supporting real-time interactive commercial, industrial, and military applications.     

机器翻译系统及翻译工具的开发和使用

本文综述了当前计算机翻译软件的需求和应用情况,着重讨论了如何设计翻译系统使其质量能达到可出版水平, 其中包括开发受限语言翻译系统, 翻译工作站, 及软件本地化。同时本文还涉及到如何开发非传统概念的翻译软件,特别是针对Web页面和其它应用在Internet上各类信息的翻译软件。本文还讨论了机器翻译未来的需要以及正在开发的一些系统。文中最后一部分比较了一下通过人译、机译,机助人译的方式达到的几种最合适的翻译方法。     

面向地勘行业软件开发过程管理信息系统研究与开发

针对目前地勘行业软件开发过程信息管理缺乏规范化手段和软件运维措施落后等现状,在分析地勘行业软件开发过程管理现状和需求的基础上提出建立面向地勘行业软件开发过程管理信息系统。通过建立管理信息系统,在缩短地勘行业软件开发周期、提升开发过程资料回溯性以及提高行业软件开发过程管理和运维效率等方面取得明显进步,并通过实例验证了系统的实用性和有效性。     

Bugzilla, ITracker, and other bug trackers

Bug-tracking helps the software developers in knowing what the error is, resolving it, and learning from it. Working on a software project includes managing the bugs we find. At first, we might list them on a spreadsheet. But when the number of bugs becomes too large and a lot of people must access and input data on them, we have to give up the spreadsheet and instead use a bug- or issue-tracking system. Many software projects reach this point, especially during testing and deployment when users tend to find an application's bugs. Nowadays we can choose among dozens of bug-tracking systems. This paper looks at two specific open source products and provides useful hints for working with any bug-tracking tool.     

Management competences,not tools and techniques: A grounded examination of software project management at WM-data

Traditional software project management theory often focuses on desk-based development of software and algorithms, much in line with the traditions of the classical project management and software engineering. This can be described as a tools and techniques perspective, which assumes that software project management success is dependent on having the right instruments available, rather than on the individual qualities of the project manager or the cumulative qualities and skills of the software organisation. Surprisingly, little is known about how (or whether) these tools techniques are used in practice. This study, in contrast, uses a qualitative grounded theory approach to develop the basis for an alternative theoretical perspective: that of competence. A competence approach to understanding software project management places the responsibility for success firmly on the shoulders of the people involved, project members, project leaders, managers. The competence approach is developed through an investigation of the experiences of project managers in a medium sized software development company (WM-data) in Denmark. Starting with a simple model relating project conditions, project management competences and desired project outcomes, we collected data through interviews, focus groups and one large plenary meeting with most of the company’s project managers. Data analysis employed content analysis for concept (variable) development and causal mapping to trace relationships between variables. In this way we were able to build up a picture of the competences project managers use in their daily work at WM-data, which we argue is also partly generalisable to theory. The discrepancy between the two perspectives is discussed, particularly in regard to the current orientation of the software engineering field. The study provides many methodological and theoretical starting points for researchers wishing to develop a more detailed competence perspective of software project managers’ work.     

Metaphors in managerial and employee sensemaking in an information systems project

This longitudinal study looks at the metaphors used in a public sector information systems development project from the perspective of cognitive metaphor theory (Lakoff & Johnson, 1980 ). We examine the use of metaphors by project team members, including representatives of the users, software developers and the managers guiding the project work. The findings indicate that project team members and managers use a rich set of metaphors to make sense of the project and the records management system they are working on. Notably, distinct sets of metaphors are used in different project phases and among the project personnel and management. As the differences in the metaphors also coincide with key events in the trajectory of the project, we contend that metaphors have significant power in sensemaking, influencing action and project outcomes. In particular, we find that in highly ambiguous, knowledge‐intensive situations, metaphor use with unclear intentions and purpose hinders learning and creates more chaos than order. From a practical perspective, our study highlights the relevance of metaphor use for project management. We suggest that intentional selection of metaphors by management could be beneficial for many complex information systems projects. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd     

基于用例的软件需求开发与管理平台的研究

需求工程在软件生命周期中占有非常重要的地位,需求开发与管理工作也存在着相当多的困难.为解决需求开发中存在的软件开发人员与客户交互比较困难的问题,引入了一种基于客户角度来说明问题的需求描述方法,即用例分析技术.介绍了一个基于这种需求实践的软件需求开发与管理平台的设计与实现.通过实际应用证实,这个平台可以在一定程度上帮助软件开发组织提高软件需求开发与管理工作的效率与能力.     

Communications Systems Driven by Software Agent Technology

The application of software agent technology to the management of communications' infrastructures is a challenging domain as it requires management on different time scales and has many interacting components. This paper looks at the potential benefits that may be gained from the application of agent technology to communications systems and surveys recent developments. Recent work using distributed network management by adopting co-operating and self-interested agent models of collaboration are described. The paper provides an introduction to the authors' perceptions of agent technology, followed by a discussion of some issues that need to be addressed for agent technology to be of practical use in the communications domain. Following sections describe how agent technology has been used for network management, legacy telecommunications systems, and telecommunications integration. The authors discuss how the emerging standards for agent technology can be used in an applied situation of providing a virtual private network and mobile agent technology used for fully distributed network control.     

Six sigma for software

Six Sigma concepts are increasingly penetrating software engineering literature and practice. But exactly what Six Sigma is and how you apply its concepts remains unclear. To make sense of the Six Sigma movement, this paper looks back to the origins and implications of its dominant predecessor, total quality management.