690合金在ETA和AVT水工况下的电化学特性

采用Tafel极化曲线法和电化学阻抗法研究了690合金在乙醇胺(ETA)和全挥发处理(AVT)两种水工况下的电化学行为,并着重考察了pH值、温度、Cl-和SO42-对690合金电化学性能的影响.结果表明,在两种不同水工况下,pH值升高会提高690合金的耐蚀性,而温度升高和Cl-,SO42-的加入则均会加速690合金的腐蚀.在相同条件下,690合金与ETA水工况有更好的兼容性,ETA的缓蚀性能优于NH3.     

电化学法研究芭蕉叶提取物在盐酸中对碳钢的缓蚀作用

目的研究芭蕉叶提取物(MBLE)在酸性环境中对碳钢腐蚀的抑制行为。方法通过热水浸提法获取MBLE,采用电化学方法研究在不同实验温度和不同浓度下MBLE在1 mol/L盐酸溶液中对碳钢的缓蚀行为,并用扫描电镜(SEM)研究金属表面腐蚀形貌。结果极化曲线研究表明,MBLE对碳钢在1mol/L盐酸中的腐蚀有明显抑制作用,属阴极抑制为主的混合型缓蚀剂;其缓蚀性能随质量浓度增大而增强,25℃时160 mg/L的MBLE缓蚀效率达到94.7%。电化学阻抗图谱研究表明,随着MBLE质量浓度的增大,碳钢表面腐蚀反应的电荷转移电阻逐渐增大,腐蚀反应抑制程度增强。变温试验研究表明,MBLE在实验温度范围内具有较好的稳定性。当MBLE质量浓度为160 mg/L时,温度从25℃增加到40℃,两种电化学方法所得缓蚀效率的变化幅度均在3%以内。MBLE缓蚀剂分子在碳钢表面的吸附服从Dhar-Flory-Huggins等温吸附式,并且属于物理和化学混合吸附。SEM研究表明,盐酸介质中MBLE可有效地抑制碳钢的腐蚀。结论对碳钢在盐酸介质中的腐蚀,MBLE是有效的绿色缓蚀剂。     

模拟压水堆二回路水环境中温度对690合金电化学腐蚀行为的影响

通过EIS和动电位极化曲线的测量,并结合SEM观察、EDS和XPS分析,研究了模拟压水堆核电站(PWR)二回路服役水环境异常工况(100μg/L DO+100μg/L Cl-+ETA)中溶液温度(150~285℃)对690合金电化学腐蚀行为的影响机理。结果表明:温度升高,690合金自腐蚀电位降低,腐蚀电流密度增加,钝化电位区间缩短;表面氧化膜厚度增加,颗粒增大,双层氧化膜特征越明显,但致密度和稳定性降低,导致其耐蚀性降低,合金腐蚀速率增加。     

ETA水工况下SO42-对690合金腐蚀行为的影响

在PWR二回路乙醇胺(ETA)水工况下,通过高温高压模拟试验和低温电化学试验研究了SO42-对690合金腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明,在乙醇胺(ETA)水工况下,SO42-主要引发690合金的全面腐蚀和晶间腐蚀;对基体元素中铬和铁的溶出有促进作用,对镍的溶出有抑制作用;铁的溶出量随着SO42-浓度的增大而增加,铬和镍的溶出量受SO42-浓度的影响较小。     

环境因素对X80钢焊接接头腐蚀电化学行为的影响

通过正交试验法,采用动电位极化技术研究溶解氧、温度、pH值等环境因素对X80管线钢焊接接头在库尔勒土壤环境中的腐蚀电化学特征的影响。结果表明,库尔勒土壤模拟溶液中溶解氧从0.5 mg/L增大到6.5 mg/L时,X80管线钢焊接接头的腐蚀程度越来越严重,当氧含量为6.5 mg/L时,试样的腐蚀电流密度达到59.237 μA/cm²;环境温度从20 ℃上升到60 ℃,X80钢焊接接头的腐蚀程度明显加剧,当温度为60 ℃时,试样的腐蚀电流密度达到44.593 μA/cm²;溶液pH值从7.0增大到11.0,X80钢焊接接头的腐蚀程度相对减弱,当pH值达到11.0时,试样的腐蚀电流密度达到31.417 μA/cm²。溶解氧含量对X80钢焊接接头的腐蚀行为影响最大,其次pH值的影响,温度对试样的腐蚀性影响相对最小。     

硼酸缓冲溶液中Clˉ浓度和温度对690合金腐蚀行为的影响

在硼酸缓冲溶液中,采用动电位极化、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和半导体电容分析方法分别研究了Clˉ浓度(0.5-2 mol/L)和溶液温度(25-80℃)对690合金腐蚀行为的影响,并结合AFM,XPS及电位-pH图分析了钝化膜层的腐蚀产物.结果表明,不同Clˉ浓度和温度的溶液中,690合金均表现出沿晶腐蚀和二次钝化的特征....     

核级商用690合金和800合金在模拟压水堆核电站一回路高温高压水中的腐蚀行为研究

在自行搭建的高温高压水循环回路系统中,通过原位电化学测量,结合SEM观察和XPS分析,研究了核级商用690合金和800合金在模拟压水堆核电站一回路高温高压水环境中的腐蚀行为.结果表明,690合金和800合金的自腐蚀电位随浸泡时间的延长而逐渐降低,浸泡时间对690合金和800合金的阻抗谱影响并不明显.经过408 h浸泡后,690合金表面生成了大量针状氧化物,800合金表面则同时生成了针状氧化物和颗粒状氧化物.690合金表面富Cr氧化层位于表面膜内侧,而800合金的富Cr氧化层位于表面膜外侧.在高温高压水中,690合金比800合金表现出更为优异的抗腐蚀能力.浸泡实验后,溶液中主要金属离子Ni²⁺,Cr³⁺和Fe（3+）的含量分别为0.1×10^-6,0.1×10^-6和0.3×10^-6.     

X80管线钢在NaHCO_3溶液中的阳极电化学行为

采用动电位极化曲线、动电位电化学阻抗谱(DEIS)和SEM研究了X80管线钢在NaHCO_3溶液中的阳极电化学行为,结果表明:随着HCO_3~-浓度增加,X80管线钢腐蚀速率呈现先增加、后减小的趋势,X80管线钢钝化的临界HCO_3~-浓度为0.009 mol/L.随着HCO_3~-浓度增加,极化曲线阳极电流峰发生变化,当HCO_3~-浓度低于0.009 mol/L时,无阳极电流峰;当浓度在0.009—0.05 mol/L时,有一个阳极电流峰;当浓度增加到0.1 mol/L时,出现两个明显的阳极电流峰,且第1峰与第2峰的峰值电流比随浓度的增大而逐渐增大,DEIS结果与动电位极化曲线完全对应,二者相结合可以很好地研究在不同电位下NaHCO_3溶液中X80管线钢的腐蚀行为,同时对其腐蚀产物和腐蚀机理进行了分析。     

温度对土壤中碳钢腐蚀行为的影响

利用极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱（EIS）和X射线衍射（XRD）等方法,研究了温度对试验土壤中碳钢腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明,在25-75℃试验温度范围内,随着土壤温度的升高,碳钢的腐蚀速率增加。碳钢的电化学阻抗谱由高频容抗弧和低频感抗弧组成,表现为两个时间常数,电荷转移电阻R随温度升高而减小,腐蚀过程受活化极化控制。碳钢表面...     

NH3��CuBiAl�Ͻ���3��5%NaCl��Һ�еĸ�ʴ���ܵ�Ӱ��

 通过金相、X射线衍射（XRD）及扫描电镜(SEM/EDX),结合电化学测试手段研究了CuBiAl合金在35% NaCl +NH3溶液中的腐蚀行为,并探讨了NH3对CuBiAl合金在3.5%NaCl溶液中腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明：NH3能使合金的腐蚀电位负移,腐蚀电流增加,加速了合金的腐蚀,且合金的腐蚀速率随NH3浓度的增加而增大。     

Effect of equal-channel angular pressing on pitting corrosion resistance of anodized aluminum-copper alloy

The effect of equal-channel angular pressing(ECAP) on the pitting corrosion resistance of anodized Al-Cu alloy was investigated by electrochemical techniques in a solution containing 0.2 mol/L AlCl₃ and also by surface analysis. Anodizing was conducted for 20 min at 200 and 400 A/m² in a solution containing 1.53 mol/L H₂SO₄ and 0.018 5 mol/L Al₂(SO₄)₃·16H₂O at 20 °C. Anodized Al-Cu alloy was immediately dipped in boiling water for 20 min to seal the micro pores present in anodic oxide films. The time required before initiating pitting corrosion of anodized Al-Cu alloy is longer with ECAP than without, indicating that ECAP process improves the pitting corrosion resistance of anodized Al-Cu alloy. Second phase precipitates such as Si, Al-Cu-Mg and Al-Cu-Si-Fe-Mn intermetallic compounds are present in Al-Cu alloy and the size of these precipitates is greatly decreased by application of ECAP. Al-Cu-Mg intermetallic compounds are dissolved during anodization, whereas the precipitates composed of Si and Al-Cu-Si-Fe-Mn remain in anodic oxide films due to their more noble corrosion potential than Al. FE-SEM and EPMA observation reveal that the pitting corrosion of anodized Al-Cu alloy occurs preferentially around Al-Cu-Si-Fe-Mn intermetallic compounds, since the anodic oxide films are absent at the boundary between the normal oxide films and these impurity precipitates. The improvement of pitting corrosion resistance of anodized Al-Cu alloy processed by ECAP appears to be attributed to a decrease in the size of precipitates, which act as origins of pitting corrosion.     

Corrosion behaviour of an Fe3Al-type intermetallic in a chloride containing solution

The corrosion behaviour of an Fe₃Al-base intermetallic compound with different crystal structures in a chloride containing solution has been investigated. The corrosion current densities of this intermetallic were independent of the material crystal structure showing a passive state stable with time. These corrosion rates were of the same order of magnitude as for 316L stainless steel. The pitting corrosion resistance evaluated by means of cyclic anodic polarization curves was high for all different states. Amongst the different crystal structures of this intermetallic alloy, the two ordered states present the lowest pitting probability. This Fe₃Al intermetallic shows higher pitting corrosion resistance than the 316L stainless steel but its capacity for repassivation is lower. A damaging factor of influence on the pitting corrosion behaviour is the presence of non-metallic inclusions on the surface which reduce the pitting corrosion resistance by almost a half.     

Effect of heat treatment on pitting corrosion resistance of 6061 Al/SiC<Subscript>P</Subscript> composite coated by the cerium oxide film in 3.5 N NaCl solution

One of the main drawbacks of 6061 Al/SiC_P composite is its poor pitting corrosion resistance in the aggressive environment containing chloride ions, such as seawater, for example. The present article deals with the investigations of effects of aging on the corrosion behavior of 6061 Al/SiC_P composite and of the heat treatment on the pitting corrosion resistance of 6061 Al/SiC_P composite coated by cerium oxide prepared by chemical bath technique. Potentiodynamic polarization test was used to study the corrosion behavior of cerium oxide coatings in 3.5N NaCl solution. The microstructure of cerium oxide was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the formed phases were identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The pitting corrosion resistance of the cerium oxide coating was found to be improved after heat treatment at 300°C for 30 min.     

钼酸锂的制备及其对碳钢在溴化锂溶液中的缓蚀作用

 采用中和法制备钼酸锂，通过静态挂片法研究了钼酸锂对碳钢在溴化锂溶液中缓蚀的作用，并通过极化曲线探讨其缓蚀作用的机理，用扫描电镜观察形成的表面膜形态，用X-射线衍射法对形成的表面膜层结构进行分析.实验表明钼酸锂对碳钢在溴化锂溶液中有一定的缓蚀作用，其中添加0.020 mol/L钼酸锂和0.20 mol/L 氢氧化锂显著抑制溴化锂溶液对碳钢的腐蚀，其可能是在碳钢表面形成一层三氧化二铁、钼酸锂和三氧化钼组成的钝化镆，阻滞阳极反应从而起到缓蚀作用.     

X80管线钢埋弧焊焊接接头的组织和腐蚀性能

采用H08MnMoA焊丝埋弧焊焊接X80管线钢.利用扫描电镜分析焊接接头微观组织;采用动电位极化和电化学阻抗法研究了X80管线钢其焊接接头在0.5 mol/LNaHCO3+0.02 mol/L NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为.结果表明,在0.5 mol/L NaHCO3+0.02mol/L NaCl溶液中,由于显微组织上的差...     

Corrosion of aluminium,stainless steels and AISI 680 nickel alloy in nitrogen‐based fuels

Nitrogen‐based compounds can potentially be used as alternative non‐carbon or low‐carbon fuels. Nevertheless, the corrosion of construction materials at high temperatures and pressures in the presence of such fuel has not been reported yet. This work is focused on the corrosion of AISI Al 6061, 1005 carbon steel (CS), 304, 316L, 310 austenitic stainless steels (SS) and 680 nickel alloy in highly concentrated water solution of ammonium nitrate and urea (ANU). The corrosion at 50 °C and ambient pressure and at 350 °C and 20 bar was investigated to simulate storage and working conditions. Sodium chloride was added to the fuel (0–5 wt%) to simulate industrial fertilizers and accelerated corrosion environment. Heavy corrosion of CS was observed in ANU solution at 50 °C, while Al 6061, 304 and 316L SS showed high resistance both to uniform and pitting corrosion in ANU containing 1% of sodium chloride. Addition of 5% sodium chloride caused pitting of Al 6061 but had no influence on the corrosion of SS. Tests in ANU at 350 °C and 20 bar showed pitting on SS 304 and 316L and 680 nickel alloy. The highest corrosion resistance was found for SS 310 due to formation of stable oxide film on its surface.     

Cu2+及等离子电解氧化处理对Zr-4合金腐蚀性能的影响

采用电化学方法研究锆合金Zr-4在添加不同Cu2+浓度的0.5 mol/L NaCl溶液或0.5 mol/L Na2SO4中的腐蚀行为,探讨不同浓度Cu2+对Zr-4合金腐蚀性能的影响,同时,在10 g/L Na2SiO3.9H2O+10 g/L Na4P2O7.10H2O混合溶液中对Zr-4合金进行等离子电解氧化处理,并用极化曲线技术研究膜层的防护能力。结果表明:Cu2+能使Zr-4合金自腐蚀电位正移,降低极化曲线上钝化区的宽度,使得合金的抗孔蚀能力降低,腐蚀电流密度增加;在硫酸钠溶液中,Cu2+的添加没有使合金产生明显的孔蚀,这表明Zr-4合金的抗孔蚀能力下降是Cu2+和Cl共同作用的结果;等离子电解氧化处理能够大幅度提高Zr-4合金的抗孔蚀能力。     

钼酸盐复合缓蚀剂对海水中碳钢的缓蚀作用

采用失重法、极化曲线法和表面分析技术对钼酸盐复合缓蚀剂的缓蚀性能进行了研究,并通过试验确定了与钼酸盐有较好协同缓蚀效应的缓蚀剂配方。结果表明,单一钼酸盐对海水中碳钢的缓蚀率随着钼酸盐浓度的增加而增加,但钼酸盐浓度低于30 mg/L时存在加速碳钢腐蚀的情况。当钼酸盐为40 mg/L、有机膦酸盐(HEDP)为10 mg/L、Zn2 为4 mg/L、葡萄糖酸盐为50 mg/L时,该缓蚀剂对海水中碳钢的缓蚀率超过90%。钼酸盐复合缓蚀剂为阳极型缓蚀剂,海水中添加了缓蚀剂后碳钢试片表面形成了以氧化铁为主要成分,同时含有钼和磷的混合型沉淀膜。     

Na2 SnO3对铝合金腐蚀的缓蚀作用

目的提高2024-T3铝合金在中性Na Cl溶液中的耐小孔腐蚀性能。方法采用动电位极化曲线测试、扫描电镜(SEM)观察并结合X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等方法,研究2024-T3铝合金在含不同浓度Na2Sn O3的0.1 mol/L Na Cl溶液中的电化学腐蚀行为,分析Na2Sn O3及其浓度对2024-T3铝合金小孔腐蚀和均匀腐蚀的作用。结果电化学测试结果显示,添加一定量(0.05~0.4 g/L)的Na2Sn O3可以使溶液的p H值升高(可从6.6上升至10.1),促进铝合金表面发生钝化,使铝合金孔蚀电位Eb和自腐蚀电位Ecorr的差值增大(最大可达到600 m V),因此降低了铝合金的孔蚀敏感性,提高了其耐小孔腐蚀的能力。但是Na2Sn O3质量浓度较大(0.2、0.4 g/L)时,会促进2024-T3铝合金的均匀腐蚀。SEM和XPS结果显示,小孔及其附近区域Cu含量较多,并有大量的Sn O2颗粒沉积。结论少量(0.05、0.1 g/L)的Na2Sn O3对2024-T3铝合金的小孔腐蚀和均匀腐蚀均具有较好的抑制效果。Na2Sn O3对2024-T3铝合金的缓蚀作用可能源于其水解产生的Sn O2优先在铝合金表面的金属间颗粒(S相)周围发生沉淀,从而屏蔽了铝合金表面的活性点。