掺聚丙烯纤维高强混凝土高温后导温性能研究

分别对掺聚丙烯纤维高强混凝土和素高强混凝土高温后导热系数、表观密度进行了试验研究,分析了两者的表观密度、导热系数和导温系数的变化规律,结果表明,高温后掺聚丙烯纤维高强混凝土和素混凝土的表观密度、导热系数均呈下降趋势,高温前后掺聚丙烯纤维高强混凝土比素高强混凝土的表观密度小、导热系数和导温系数大,而且其导热系数和导温系数随温度变化规律更为明显。     

高温后钢纤维混凝土热学性能试验研究

为预测火灾条件下SFRC 构件内部温度场,对高温后SFRC 的表观密度、孔隙率、导热系数、导温系数和比热容等进行了试验研究,并对导热系数下降机理进行混凝土细观尺度的数值模拟分析。研究表明,SFRC 的表观密度、导热系数和比热容总体上均随受热温度的上升而下降;孔隙率随受热温度的升高而上升,其中约有1%~3%的孔隙率是由SFRC 内热开裂造成;细观尺度有限元模拟显示高温热开裂形成的裂缝热阻是引起导热系数下降的主要原因之一;砂浆与素混凝土导温系数随温度升高而降低,但SFRC 导温系数在300 ℃时出现拐点,呈上升趋势;相同受热温度下,随着钢纤维含量的增加,导热系数和导温系数均呈上升趋势。     

高温后纤维矿渣微粉混凝土的劈拉性能

通过劈拉试验,探讨温度、矿渣掺量、钢纤维掺量、聚丙烯纤维掺量等对高温后混凝土劈拉强度及变形的影响。结果表明:随受热温度的升高,纤维矿渣微粉混凝土劈拉性能不断劣化;掺入矿渣微粉、聚丙烯纤维和钢纤维均对高温后混凝土劈拉强度起到了增强作用;随混凝土基体强度的增强,高温后纤维矿渣微粉混凝土劈拉强度逐渐提高,但劈拉强度的损失也有所增大。最后,提出了考虑温度、矿渣微粉掺量和钢纤维掺量影响的纤维矿渣微粉混凝土高温后劈拉强度计算公式。     

高温后掺橡胶粉C60高性能混凝土的导热性能研究

分别对不同掺量的橡胶粉高性能混凝土和基准高性能混凝土的导热系数和表观密度进行试验研究,分析其表观密度、导热系数随温度的变化规律及二者之间的相关性。结果表明:高温后掺橡胶粉的高性能混凝土和基准高性能混凝土的表观密度和导热系数均成下降趋势;在500~600℃,掺和不掺橡胶粉的高性能混凝土导热系数下降均明显,且掺橡胶粉对混凝土导热系数降幅影响较显著;初步推断,高性能混凝土的表观密度与导热系数二者之间具有较好的线性相关性,利用二者的拟合公式来推算导热系数具有较高的可靠度。     

活性粉末混凝土热工参数试验研究

采用热线法对4种不同体积纤维掺量（素活性粉末混凝土、体积掺量0.2%聚丙烯纤维、体积掺量2%钢纤维、混合掺加体积掺量0.2%聚丙烯纤维和2%钢纤维）、几何尺寸为230mm×165mm×65mm的活性粉末混凝土（RPC）试件进行导热系数测定试验,获得了常温及100、200、300、400、500、600、700、800、900℃下的RPC导热系数实测值。研究温度、纤维种类和掺量对RPC导热系数的影响,拟合得到了RPC导热系数随温度升高而降低的关系式。并将RPC导热系数与高强混凝土和普通混凝土对比,结果表明,RPC的导热系数高于高强混凝土和普通混凝土。进行RPC试件的反演分析用高温试验,测量高温炉内试件中心温度。综合RPC导热系数实测值与试件中心实测升温曲线,采用ABAQUS有限元分析软件对高温下RPC试件的温度场进行模拟,进而反推出与各测点温度相对应的RPC比热容值,建立了常温至100℃及600~900℃时为常值,100~600℃随温度升高而增大的RPC比热容计算式。     

不同种类纤维混凝土高温抗渗性能研究

通过室内试验对比分析了钢纤维和聚丙烯纤维掺量、钢纤维单掺、聚丙烯纤维单掺和钢纤维—聚丙烯纤维混杂对混凝土高温抗渗系数(Ccp)的影响,并研究了降温方式对钢纤维混凝土Ccp的影响。试验结果表明,温度越高Ccp越大,随钢纤维掺量的增加,Ccp逐渐减小,而Ccp随聚丙烯纤维掺量的增加出现先减小后增大的趋势,当聚丙烯纤维掺量为0.05%时,Ccp最小;在混凝土中添加钢纤维、聚丙烯纤维和混杂纤维,分别使Ccp降低33.7%、26.6%和42.7%,表明混杂纤维对混凝土的高温抗渗性能改善效果最好;将钢纤维混凝土加热至相同温度,自然降温时抗渗性能最好,洒水降温次之,淬冷时抗渗性能最差,随着温度的升高,三者引起的抗渗性能差异逐渐减小。     

聚丙烯纤维混凝土高温损伤研究

通过对高温后聚丙烯纤维混凝土的表观损伤、内部损伤以及微观形貌进行分析,深入研究聚丙烯纤维混凝土的高温损伤特征。结果表明:经历最高温度越高,混凝土表观损伤越严重;聚丙烯纤维可以有效改善混凝土的高温性能,抑制混凝土裂缝的产生和发展;经历相同的温度时,聚丙烯纤维掺量越高,混凝土内部裂缝越少且贯通性越低;经历高温作用后,水泥水化产物出现分层及裂纹,混凝土内部孔隙增多、微裂缝增大且逐渐贯通。随着温度的升高,混凝土开裂进一步加剧,裂缝变宽且贯通性增强,孔隙直径增大。     

聚丙烯纤维混凝土的正交试验研究

对混凝土强度等级、聚丙烯纤维掺量、粉煤灰掺量三个因素进行了正交试验,通过极差分析和方差分析研究了三因素对聚丙烯纤维混凝土（PFRC）性能的影响.结果表明：混凝土基体强度和粉煤灰掺量对PFRC抗压强度和劈裂抗拉强度起到了正向的影响,粉煤灰的掺入较大程度提高了PFRC塌落度.聚丙烯纤维对PFRC的抗压强度和劈裂抗拉强度影响甚小,但改善了基体的韧性破坏形态.     

高温后矿渣微粉纤维混凝土抗压强度试验研究

通过矿渣微粉纤维混凝土高温后立方体抗压和轴心抗压试验,分析温度、矿渣微粉掺量、钢纤维体积率、聚丙烯纤维掺量和混凝土强度等级等因素对混凝土高温后抗压强度的影响.结果表明,随着温度升高,高温后矿渣微粉纤维混凝土立方体抗压强度和轴心抗压强度不断降低,且逐渐趋于一致;矿渣微粉纤维混凝土高温后抗压强度随矿渣微粉、钢纤维和聚丙烯纤...     

高温后聚丙烯纤维混凝土抗压强度与气渗系数试验研究

高温后聚丙烯纤维混凝土的残余抗压强度和气渗性能的研究对于火灾后建筑结构的安全评估和修复至关重要,通过试验研究了火灾高温、纤维长度以及纤维掺量对混凝土抗压强度和空气渗透系数的影响。试验结果表明：（a）经历温度不超过300℃时添加聚丙烯纤维改善混凝土抗压强度。短聚丙烯纤维（6 mm）对于混凝土抗压强度改善效果最佳;（b）常温下掺加聚丙烯纤维能够减小混凝土空气渗透系数,渗透性能改善,高温后其空气渗透系数增大,渗透性能变差,对混凝土空气渗透系数而言聚丙烯纤维长度影响大于掺量;（c）当经历温度超过300℃时,掺加聚丙烯纤维导致混凝土空气渗透系数增大,混凝土内部孔隙压力无法积聚,这与高温爆裂机理的孔隙压力学说相一致。     

高掺量聚丙烯纤维混凝土动力性能的SHPB试验研究

为研究高掺量聚丙烯纤维混凝土的动力性能，本文首先配制了三种抗压强度等级的高掺量聚丙烯纤维混凝土，然后采用变截面大尺寸分离式霍普金森压杆（SHPB）对其进行试验研究。试验结果表明：高掺量聚丙烯纤维的加入使中、高强混凝土承受动载时的破坏应变增大，发挥了一定的耗能、阻裂作用，并可以改善混凝土承受动载时的破坏形态。     

The damage evolution behavior of polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete subjected to sulfate attack based on acoustic emission

To study the damage evolution behavior of polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete (PFRC) subjected to sulfate attack, a uniaxial compression test was carried out based on acoustic emission (AE). The effect of sulfate attack relative to time and fiber hybridization were analyzed and the compression damage factor was calculated using a mathematical model. The changes to AE ringing counts during the compression could be divided into compaction, elastic, and AE signal hyperactivity stages. In the initial stage of sulfate attack, the concrete micropores and microcracks were compacted gradually under external load and a corrosion products filling effect, and this corresponded with detection of few AE signals and with concrete compression strength enhancement. With increasing sulfate attack time, AE activity decreased. The cumulative AE ringing counts of PFRC at all corrosion ages were much higher than those for plain concrete. PFRC could still produce AE signals after peak load due to drawing effect of polypropylene fiber. After 150 d of sulfate attack, the cumulative AE ringing counts of plain concrete went down by about an order of magnitude, while that for PFRC remained at a high level. The initial damage factor of hybrid PFRC was −0.042 and −0.056 respectively after 150 d of corrosion, indicating that the advantage of hybrid polypropylene fiber was more obvious than plain concrete and single-doped PFRC. Based on a deterioration equation, the corrosion resistance coefficient of hybrid PFRC would be less than 0.75 after 42 drying−wetting sulfate attack cycles, which was 40% longer than that of plain concrete.     

聚丙烯纤维对高温作用下C60HPC板热应变的影响

为了改善混凝土板在高温作用下热应变的变化程度,本文将聚丙烯纤维(简称PP)掺入到C60HPC小板中,研究其对混凝土热应变及温度传递的影响,试验设计了素混凝土、PP体积掺量分别为0.1%、0.2%、0.3%的4块C60HPC小板,模拟高温试验,测试混凝土小板不同深度处(距离小板受火底部25、50、75 mm)的温度及对应的热应变值,分析热应变值随时间和受火温度的变化规律,研究PP纤维对C60HPC小板热应变的影响。结果表明:不同PP纤维掺量的C60HPC小板在不同深度处的热应变值随着时间的变化基本呈直线上升的变化规律;掺PP纤维对高温作用下C60HPC小板的热应变有一定的抑制作用,最优PP纤维掺量为0.2%;在一定温度范围内,PP纤维掺量为0.2%的C60HPC小板热应变和温度基本呈二次函数关系,相关性较好。     

Thermal characteristics of high-strength polymer–cement composites with lightweight aggregates and polypropylene fiber

Recently, research has been conducted using fibers to reduce the explosive spalling of concrete. Assessments of the volume fraction of polypropylene fiber in high-strength and lightweight concrete has shown that an optimum volume fraction of fiber reduces explosive spalling by discharging pore pressure and heat stress inside the concrete through the dissolution of fibers during exposure to high temperatures. In this study, we manufactured a high-strength polymer–cement mortar that can be used in repairs of many concrete structures by selecting three kinds of lightweight aggregate that have excellent heat interception performance, combined with varying volume fractions of polypropylene fiber to reduce explosive spalling. We analyzed the thermal characteristics and physical and mechanical properties of the mortar at high temperature. The analysis of test results for compressive strength, flexural strength, thermal conductivity, and thermogravimetric showed that a mixture of expanded perlite with high thermal stability and 0.2% polypropylene fiber showed the best physical, mechanical, and thermal characteristics.     

Post-crack (or post-peak) flexural response and toughness of fiber reinforced concrete after exposure to high temperature

Several studies have already reported on the various effects of high temperature on the mechanical properties of fiber reinforced concrete (FRC). Some of these effects include changes in; compressive strength, compression toughness and splitting tensile strength. None of the previous studies have investigated the changes that might occur on the post-crack flexural response and flexural toughness. Post-crack (or peak) response and toughness is considered one of FRC’s key beneficial characteristics – as the purpose of adding fibers is to increase the energy absorption and load carrying capacity after an initial crack. In this study, the flexural toughness test according to ASTM C1018 was carried out on two types of concrete: plain concrete and fiber reinforced concrete with three different types of fiber (steel, polypropylene, and polyethylene) at 0.5% and 1.0% by volume fractions. Prior to the flexural test, the specimens were put in an oven chamber and subjected to high temperatures using the ISO/TR834 standards of: 400 °C, 600 °C and 800 °C. The results showed the typical load–deflection response of FRC was a double-peak response. The first peak represented the properties of concrete matrix and the second peak represented the properties of the fibers used. Under flexural load, instead of dropping (or remaining unchanged), the post-peak load and the toughness were found to increase at lower temperatures (400 °C) and later, decreased as the temperature increased (600 °C and 800 °C). Fiber type and content also played an important role. At a temperature of 400 °C, all FRCs exhibited higher flexural strength and increased post-peak response and toughness. A significant decrease in strength, toughness and load–deflection response was observed with synthetic or plastic FRC (PFRC) when the temperature approached 800 °C. When steel FRC (SFRC) was used, those effects were relatively small. It appears, SFRC has better heat resistance than the PFRC. The density (measured by ultrasonic pulse velocity) was found to decrease more in the PFRC than in the SFRC.     

垂直地埋管地源热泵膨润土基钻孔回填材料导热特性研究

实验通过对膨润土基回填材料的配比、干密度、孔隙率、含水率和环境温度等因素研究发现,膨润土基回填材料的导热性能主要是由骨料(石英砂)含量、干密度和孔隙程度共同决定的,环境温度对回填材料导热性影响较小。含水率应合理控制,适宜配比、正确回灌能有效提高导热性和地下热交换器的工作效率,工程收益率高。     

混杂纤维增强轻骨料混凝土物理力学性能研究

选用钢纤维、聚丙烯纤维二元混杂纤维掺入轻骨料混凝土,系统研究其抗压强度、弹性模量、轴心抗压强度及抗折强度等力学性能,试验结果表明,纤维掺入对轻骨料混凝土物理力学性能的影响较大;掺入钢纤维具有较好的增强增韧效果,但表观密度相应增大;钢纤维和聚丙烯纤维混掺可以在不增加轻骨料表观密度,保证强度的基础上,有效地改善轻骨料混凝土的韧性。