Overview of the InterPARES Trust Project in Africa: Trusting Records in an Increasingly Networked Environment

InterPARES Trust (IP Trust) research project’s goal is to generate the theoretical and methodological frameworks that address issues related to the management of digital records in networked environments. Team Africa forms part of the IP Trust project and is undertaking six case studies. This article provides an overview of the research activities within each of the case studies. Team Africa’s case studies began recently and, therefore, there are no final products of the research process. Nonetheless, ongoing dissemination activities include three conference presentations (in Croatia, Spain, and the United States) as well as eight peer-reviewed articles published. Team Africa’s case studies focus on actionable factors defined from the ground up rather than from purely theoretical constructs. One case study’s output addresses trustworthiness of records in South Africa’s public audit processes. Three case studies’ output will address the management of digital records in Botswana, Kenya, and Zimbabwe. Another case study’s output addresses the legislative and regulatory provisions related to management of records in South Africa. The last case study’s output is geared to aligning the curriculum of professionals that manage records in Africa’s institutions of higher learning.     

高校数字化声像档案的开发与管理

高校声像档案是指以磁性材料或感光材料为载体,通过摄影摄像等手段,记录高校在各种管理、教学、教研活动中所形成的具有历史见证和保存价值的图像、音频和影像。以生动丰富的形式再现了高校发展中的精彩片段、广大师生在各项活动中的音容笑貌,其作用是其他形式档案所不可取代的。声像档案数字化是现阶段高校进行声像档案高效管理和长效保存的最佳解决方案,有利于开发声像档案的增值使用价值,实现档案管理的科学性。文章总结了实际工作中声像档案的数字化处理方式,旨在探索建设基于网络的声像档案数字化管理平台的科学方法。     

综合档案馆电子文件命名方法及应注意的若干要点

综合档案馆馆藏档案电子文件命名是电子文件管理工作的基础性环节。随着馆藏档案电子文件数量的不断增加,如何命名馆藏档案电子文件名更科学,更有利于电子文件管理工作的开展,是一个需要认真探究的问题。本文对此提出了若干认识与方法。     

Secure and reliable electronic record management system using digital forensic technologies

Currently, most records are produced and stored digitally using various types of media storage and computer systems. Unlike physical records such as paper-based records, identifying, collecting, and analyzing digital records require technical knowledge and tools that are not found in archival institutions. As a result, archival institutions face challenges in their attempt to collect digital archives. One approach to overcome this problem is for archival institutions to use digital forensic knowledge and technologies. In this paper, we propose the Digital Archive Management System that integrates digital forensic technologies and archival information management systems to acquire, identify, analyze, and manage digital records in archival intuitions.     

云计算环境下数字档案馆运行架构

通过对云计算技术的应用研究,分析了数字档案馆引入云计算技术带来的好处,提出了云计算环境下数字档案馆的运行架构,推动了数字档案馆信息化建设的步伐,改进档案馆整体服务和管理模式,提升档案资源利用率和管理水平.同时对云计算在档案馆的应用,也起到了普及和推广的作用.     

高职院校电子文件管理应关注的主要环节

随着计算机技术、电子信息技术以及网络技术的发展和普及,电子文件产生的领域和数量急剧增加。大量纸质文件被无形的电子文件所取代。为了保证学校记忆的不流失,高职院校档案馆(室)必须对日益增多的电子文件实行有效管理,由于电子文件具有独特性质,如何做好电子文件的收集、积累、鉴定与归档等工作,是摆在新世纪档案工作人员面前的一个新课题。     

Trinity College Archives: A Digital Curation Challenge

The archives of Trinity College Dublin represent the corporate, administrative, and cultural memory of the university. This hybrid collection presents several challenges in relation to its management and long-term preservation. Appropriate storage conditions are vital for analogue records, as is the exercise over them of physical and intellectual control. However, born-digital archival records require the preservation of not only their data, but also evidence of their authenticity. For archivists, meeting these preservation challenges necessitates the integration of digital preservation strategies into traditional archival practices, advocacy of good records management, as well as close co-operation with legal and IT professionals.     

单位档案管理信息化建设对策探究

档案是事业单位宝贵的资源财富,在推助事业单位全面性发展中彰显自身独有的价值性。事业单位针对当前档案管理工作的现状,促进档案管理信息化的建设,以大数据技术、云计算、物流网等先进技术的作用性,增强事业单位的档案信息有效性管理。对此,从档案查询、使用优势、档案信息存储保存的优势层面分析档案管理信息化的优势,从档案资源的管理工作转型、事业单位信息化建设两个维度,分析档案管理信息化建设价值,论述档案管理信息化建设现实的困境,并从提升档案管理数字化、信息化的认知、构建档案管理网络平台、完善档案管理信息化运行制度、提升管理人员档案信息管理能力四个维度,提出单位的档案管理信息化建设对策。     

我国电子病历面临的信息安全风险

随着我国医疗改革的深入,医院逐步向信息化发展,为提高医疗效率,医院逐步使用电子病历系统(EMR)。然而,从法律层面、保障制度层面、安全机制层面我国电子病历所面临诸多安全风险,如电子病历系统在实体的身份强验证、数据存储、数据的传输等方面均存在安全隐患。本文针对电子病历面临的信息安全风险从宏观层面的法律制度建设、建立第三方监管制度、医疗机构的信息安全管理、电子病历容灾管理等方面提出对策建议。     

网络技术应用于现代档案信息化管理中的作用以及价值评析

网络技术在现代档案信息化管理中具有重要作用：实现数字档案信息资源的全面共享,为数字档案信息资源构造提供统一的管理平台,网络为档案用户提供知识服务,网络为档案信息资源的安全提供保障等。加强网络技术在现代档案信息化答理中应用需做到：促进档案管理信息系统网络化的发展,加强信息资源共享,选择适用的档案管理系统,完善档案信息的安全保障体系。     

Archival Appraisal and the Digital Record: Applying Past Tradition for Future Practice

The digital revolution has changed the daily work of archivists. As a result, archivists have refined their analog practices and initiated new ones to accommodate the unique information creation and access needs of users. While limitless storage and technological obsolescence may be surmountable challenges, appraisal continues to be a necessary component of this preservation enterprise. Macro-appraisal—a top-down functional assessment of an organization’s high-level decision making that defines the enduring value of specific bodies of documentary evidence of these creative or administrative processes—is used to facilitate the management of diverse bodies of born-digital records in archives and special collections.     

数字档案云平台的构建与研究

近年来,云计算已成为计算机网络发展的新趋势。为进一步提高和完善数字化档案的利用率及其管理机制,在现有数字档案馆的发展基础上,借鉴国内外云计算与数字档案馆建设的相关成果,将云计算引入到数字档案馆的建设。基于“档案云”的思想,重新设计数字档案馆的应用服务架构,构建以云计算为基础的数字档案云平台,实现档案的统一管理及档案资源的共享,并以按需计费的方式提供相应的档案著录、查询、鉴定等云应用服务。     

浅谈高校计算机档案信息管理

档案管理现代化也必然是档案管理工作的发展方向和趋势.分析我国高校档案管理信息化发展现状的同时,提出了高校计算机档案管理的一些问题,指出其解决方案以及发展趋势.     

事业单位电子文件种类格式及归档技术方法现状调查

电子文件归档与保存情况,现已成为档案工作的重要内容。本报告主要用于评估开封市部分事业单位电子文件归档与保存方面的状况,事业单位档案工作者实施电子文件归档管理的能力,了解《电子文件归档管理规定》在事业单位档案机构中落实的实际情况。     

Field experiences with collaboration technology: A comparative study in Tanzania and South Africa

In the field of development, Information & Communication Technology (ICT) is often hailed and cursed at the same time. ICT offers great promise to enhance development activities' efficiency and effectiveness yet the literature is littered with examples of failure. A particular challenge concerns the application of ICT to support collaboration in development contexts. In this paper, we report on field experiences with one particular type of collaboration technology, Group Support Systems (GSS), and its role in supporting groups engaged in development activities. Being an North-American invention, research into GSS is predominantly focused on Western Euro-American settings. GSS field studies in other cultural environments are scarce. The objective of our study is to explore and compare the applicability of GSS in two particular environments: Tanzania and South Africa. Our data suggest that the use of GSS is evaluated positively in both countries, although Tanzanian groups perceived more benefits. In South Africa, top management displayed very open and non-conservative behavior towards the technology, while in Tanzania hesitance from top management can be expected to be the greatest hindrance for GSS acceptance and application. The data further indicate that GSS do not replace existing meeting customs, but rather introduce new ones that co-exist next to the traditional ones. A key difference between application of GSS in western and African environments is a stronger focus on the electronic part of discussions in Africa. Anonymity is perceived as the key feature.     

The researcher's companion: enhanced library support for postgraduates

The British Library Research and Innovation Centre research study What makes a digital librarian?, completed in February 1998 by research partners University of Sunderland Information Services, Gateshead MBC Libraries and Arts and Education for Change Ltd., looked at critical success factors and barriers which underpin or inhibit the development of the networked digital library. The study focused on staff skills, knowledge and attributes, management culture and attitudes, through a series of qualitative research exercises in public and academic libraries. This article summarises the literature review and looks at what LIS commentators have to say about institutional culture, organisational structures and management styles, leadership, communications, staff attributes and individual attitudes, staff training and development, in the context of developing electronic and digital library services. The author is convinced of the value of a more rigorous application of organisational and management theory to the problems and complexities of the LIS sector, as ICT innovations are breaking down older structures. LIS commentators also seem to be out of tune with staff views on such issues as effective management styles, professional and non‐professional roles in electronic library environments and the influence of the library's parent organisation on development.     

档案管理人才素质要求分析及培养策略研究

本文从档案实际工作内容出发,分析档案管理人员应具有的政治、知识、能力等多方面的素质要求及数字时代对档案管理人员从思想、管理、技术、服务等方面的挑战,针对档案管理人员的不同来源,从管理者、教育者和档案管理人员自身,分层次、多角度提出提高档案管理人员素质的思路和方法。     

计算机网络开发中的电子病历系统分析

随着计算机网络的不断开发,电子病历系统已经逐步取代了传统了纸质病历,并提供了信息的电子储存、查询、统计、交换等功能,它是计算机网络应用于医疗领域的必然产物,也是医院实现计算机网络管理的必然趋势。电子病历系统在医疗机构的应用,不但提高了医院的服务质量,也大大降低了人力物力的使用。     

Relative Advantages of Digital Preservation Management in Developing Countries

The purpose of this article is to explore stakeholders’ perspectives on the relative advances of digital preservation management over traditional heritage management approaches in developing countries, particularly in Africa. Specific examples from the context of Ghana are used to help understand the particular factors that influence the relative advantage of the digital preservation management innovation. The article is based on the findings of a PhD study that explored contextual factors influencing the management and preservation of digital cultural heritage resources in Ghana and it is underpinned by Rogers’ Diffusion of Innovation model. An interpretive qualitative approach was employed to solicit the perspectives of 29 key stakeholders from 13 institutions in Ghana through semi-structure interviews. This was followed by an analysis of relevant literature to ascertain how the findings from the context of Ghana relate to other developing countries in Africa.

Stakeholders perceive that the digital preservation management innovation has relative advantages over other traditional ways of managing and preserving heritage information in many ways, including; as an effective means to manage cultural heritage resources; enhancing collaboration and resource sharing; contributes to the building strong cultural institutions; leading to the establishment of a national digital memory for developing countries; as an effective means to preserve value of cultural identity for the long term into the digital future; and enabling research and advancement of cultural knowledge.

Findings from the literature analysis also show that these relative advantages of the digital preservation management (DPM) innovation occur in similar forms in other developing countries in Africa. Further empirical studies in other developing countries are recommended to fully ascertain the main relative advantages of the DPM innovation over traditional approaches of heritage resources management and preservation.