IgA的肿瘤免疫抑制作用及其临床意义的研究进展

免疫球蛋白A(IgA)是最常见抗体之一,并在黏膜表面提供第一道免疫保护。IgA⁺B细胞是IgA产生的主要来源细胞。近年来的研究表明,IgA在肿瘤发生发展中呈现双向作用,在不同的肿瘤类型及免疫微环境中发挥不同的作用,尤其是IgA⁺B细胞和IgA的促肿瘤和免疫抑制作用成为目前关注的热点及研究的难点。肿瘤微环境(TME)中IgA⁺B细胞可通过分泌免疫抑制因子,如IL-10、TGF-β、PD-L1、FASL、IL-35和Tim1发挥免疫抑制作用。免疫抑制性IgA在多种肿瘤组织中高表达,并与恶性肿瘤预后差密切相关。本文总结了IgA⁺B细胞和IgA的免疫抑制和促肿瘤作用及其机制,讨论了肿瘤免疫抑制微环境中细胞因子和代谢产物等在调控IgA类转换重组(CSR)中所起的作用,以及IgA免疫抑制作用的临床意义,为肿瘤免疫治疗提供新的思路和治疗策略。     

低剂量辐射对荷S180肉瘤小鼠肿瘤的抑制作用及信号传导的影响(英文)

Objective: By studying the influence of low-dose total body irradiation to proliferating cell nuclear antigens (PCNA), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), erythropoietin (EPO) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) of tumor tissues in mice bearing S180 sarcoma, to further explore the mechanism of low doses radiation. Methods: S180 sarcoma cells were implanted subcutaneously into 58 male Kunming mice. Randomly these mice were divided into sham-irradiation (S) group and low-dose radiatio...     

灵芝多糖对小鼠肿瘤的抑制作用及免疫指标的观察

目的:观察灵芝多糖的抑瘤作用及对小鼠免疫系统的影响。方法:MTT法测定灵芝多糖的细胞毒作用。小鼠荷瘤建立动物模型,观察灵芝多糖对荷瘤小鼠的存活期、抑瘤率和免疫系统的影响。结果:灵芝多糖对肿瘤细胞无直接杀伤作用(P<0.005),体内可延长荷瘤小鼠的存活期;治疗组小鼠的NK细胞活性、淋巴细胞转化率、血清中TNF蛳α均有显著提高。结论:灵芝多糖抗肿瘤作用是通过机体的免疫系统介导的。     

灵芝发酵液对小鼠肿瘤的抑制作用及免疫指标观察

目的观察灵芝发酵液的抑瘤作用及其机制.方法MTT法测定灵芝发酵液的细胞毒作用.小鼠荷瘤制造动物模型,观察灵芝发酵液对其生存期、抑瘤率及免疫指标的影响.结果灵芝发酵液对肿瘤细胞无直接杀伤作用(P＜0.05),能显著延长荷瘤小鼠的生存时间(P＜0.005),(P＜0.005),对实体瘤的抑瘤率达64.84%(P＜0.01),治疗组小鼠的NK细胞活性、淋巴细胞转化率、血清中TNF-α和NO浓度均显著提高.结论灵芝发酵液抗瘤作用是通过机体的免疫系统介导的.     

大蒜提取物对荷S180肉瘤小鼠肿瘤生长的影响

目的:研究大蒜提取物对荷S180肉瘤小鼠肿瘤生长的影响.方法:大蒜提取物腹腔注射荷S180肉瘤小鼠,研究其对肿瘤生长的影响.结果:大蒜提取物在1000mg/kg·d、1500mg/kg·d的浓度时,对肿瘤组织的生长有抑制作用.结论:大蒜提取物对小鼠肿瘤的生长具有明显的抑制作用.     

蛇床子水提取液对小鼠S180肉瘤的抑制作用

目的:研究蛇床子水提取液的体内抗肿瘤作用.方法:通过S180肉瘤移植建立荷瘤小鼠模型,然后对S180荷瘤小鼠给予4种剂量蛇床子水提取液后观察瘤重、小鼠生存天数及血清涎酸(SA)等指标.结果:剂量组0.04 mg/(g*bw*d)、0.21 mg/(g*bw*d)、0.42 mg/(g*bw*d)平均瘤重低于肿瘤对照组(P＜0.05),且能延长小鼠生存天数(P＜0.01).抑瘤率依次为34.2%、63.6%和33.2%,动物生命延长率依次为53.0%、58.3%和47.0%.结论:蛇床子水提取液具有较强的抗肿瘤作用,有很好的利用前景,值得对其进行深入研究.     

参与肿瘤免疫逃逸的免疫抑制分子

肿瘤发病的诸多因素中,各种类型的免疫抑制分子使肿瘤局部成为一个深度免疫抑制区,它们作为肿瘤免疫逃逸的发生机制之一,在肿瘤的形成及发展过程中十分关键.     

宫颈癌细胞产生的TDSF对IL－2的免疫抑制作用

 人宫颈癌细胞产的免疫抑制因子（TDSF）作用于人外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）6小时，即可抑制IL-2产生，与对照组相比P<0.01.当TDSF存在时，经激活的PBMC效应细胞对外源性IL-2反应显着减弱，表明TDSF能抑制IL-2的作用。PHA-P刺激PBMC增殖，但TDSF使其增殖抑制。表明TDSF能抑制IL-2产生及其作用。抗癌药对TDSF的分泌有部分阻抑作用。     

维生素E与硒化黄芪多糖对小鼠S180肉瘤的抑瘤作用及相互影响

作者观察了维生素Ｅ和硒化黄芪多糖对小鼠Ｓ１８０肉瘤的抑瘤作用和抗氧化指标的影响，以及两者之间的相互作用，结果表明，维生素Ｅ组，硒化黄芪多糖组和硒化维生素Ｅ组的抑瘤率分别为７３．９６％，５９．１１％和８４．１５％，血清脂质过氧化的产物丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）的含量则在各相同未观察到显著性差异，结果提示，供给足量的硒化黄芪多糖对机体有节约维生素Ｅ的作用，同时或分别给予硒化黄芪多糖和维生素Ｅ均有提高全血谷胱甘肽     

绞股蓝对实验鼠免疫功能的影响

绞股蓝降低大鼠肺巨噬细胞吞噬率,由91.05±3.04％降低到82.81±7.26％,降低小鼠脾抗体形成细胞数,由3.75± 4.97降低到1.37±1.47,降低小鼠外周血抗绵羊红细胞抗体滴度,由1:50降低至1:8。本文分析了该药引起免疫抑制的可能原因。     

S180腹水瘤细胞提取物与rIL-2对S180实体瘤生长影响

 利用小鼠S180腹水瘤细胞提取物与rIL－2分别单用和并用对S180实体瘤生长影响。经实验观察瘤细胞提取物组,rIL－2组,提取物与rIL－2并用组对S180实体瘤的抑制率分别为27.27％、29.75％、47.93％。采用提取物与rIL－2并用组做重复试验,结果表明此实验组对S180实体瘤生长有明显的抑瘤作用。     

S180腹水瘤细胞提取物与rIL-2对S180实体瘤生长影响

利用小鼠S180腹水瘤细胞提取物与rIL－2分别单用和并用对S180实体瘤生长影响。经实验观察瘤细胞提取物组，rIL－2组，提取物与rIL－2并用组对S180实体瘤的抑制率分别为27．27％、29．75％、47．93％。采用提取物与rIL－2并用组做重复试验，结果表明此实验组对S180实体瘤生长有明显的抑瘤作用。     

Radiostrontium-Induced Oncogenesis and the Role of Immunosuppression I. Influence of 90Sr dose, adult thymectomy and antilymphocyteglobulin treatment on the development of neoplastic and preneoplastic lesions in the skeleton of CBA mice

Ionizing irradiation by incorporated strontium-90 exerts two major effects: it induces tumours (mainly osteosarcomas and lymphoreticular tumours) and depresses the immune system. The interrelation between these functions, i.e. the significance of decreased immunological responsiveness in the oncogenic process, remains unclear. The influence of the ⁹⁰Sr dose and the role of immune modulation on the tumour yield, were investigated in young adult CBA mice. The animals were exposed to different single doses of ⁹⁰Sr and, in addition, some groups were subjected to long-term unspecific immune suppression by adult thymectomy (ATx) and/or prolonged antilymphocyteglobulin (ALG) treatment. The present paper (part I) reports on the effects of the treatments on bone tumour responses as reflected by incidence, multiplicity, latency time, histologic characteristics and growth behaviour. The histogenesis of osteosarcomas, as evidenced morphologically by preneoplastic and early neoplastic growth, is illustrated and discussed. The results demonstrate a positive dose-response relationship for osteosarcomas, in which the relative incidences of the various osteosarcoma subtypes were differentially affected. Thus, well-differentiated tumours were gradually replaced by less differentiated types as the dose decreased. A correlation was also observed between the incidence of osteosarcomas and that of assumed preneoplastic lesions in the same bones and sites. Immune suppression by ATx and/or ALG did not distinctly alter the neoplastic or preneoplastic responses at any dose-level of ⁹⁰Sr.     

核糖核酸酶抑制因子对小鼠S180的抑制作用机制研究

研究核糖核酸酸抑制因子对小鼠实体瘤生长的影响以及ＲＩ抑制肿瘤生长的机理。方法经硫酸铵盐析,ＤＥＡＥ－离子交换层析和Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ－ＲＮａｓｅ亲和层析,从人胎盘中提取纯化核糖核酸酶抑制因子（ｒｉｂｏｎｕｃｌｅａｓｅｉｎｈｉｂｉｔｏｒ,ＲＩ）,将其注射给荷瘤小鼠。     

软骨多糖对小鼠肉瘤细胞S180抑制作用的实验研究

[目的]研究软骨多糖对S180荷瘤小鼠的生命延长率和抑瘤率的影响。[方法]以小鼠肉瘤S180细胞腹腔及皮下造模，设对照组、低剂量组、高剂量组3组．分别观察软骨多糖对各组小鼠的生存时间、生命延长率和抑瘤率的影响。[结果]高剂量组小鼠的生存时间为19．0大，生命延长率为25．0％．抑瘤率为73．5％，而低剂量组小鼠分别为16．5天，8．6％和27％。[结论]软骨多糖能有效抑制小鼠肉瘤S180细胞的生长．是一种新型的抑癌物质。     

Tumor immunosuppressive environment: effects on tumor-specific and nontumor antigen immune responses

The interactions between cancer cells and host immune cells in tumoral microenvironments create an immunosuppressive network that promotes tumor growth, protects the tumor from immune attack and attenuates the efficacy of immunotherapeutic approaches. The development of immune tolerance becomes predominant in the immune system of patients with advanced-stage tumors. Several mechanisms have been described by which tumors can suppress the immune system, including secretion of cytokines, alterations in antigen-presenting cell subsets, costimulatory and coinhibitory molecule alterations and altered ratios of Tregs to effector T cells. It is well demonstrated that these mechanisms of immunosuppression can impair tumor specific immune responses. However, it is not well established whether this immunosuppressive environment can affect immune responses to nontumor antigens, specifically in regard to priming and the development of memory. The few existing studies indicate that responses to nontumor antigens seem unaffected, although there is still a deep lack of understanding of this phenomenon. This is an important issue regarding patient endurance and quality of life. Here, we review the existing evidence on immunosuppression promoted by tumors, with particular attention to its impact on specific immune responses. Understanding these interactions can help us subvert tumor-induced tolerance and optimize anti-tumor therapy.     

43. Inhibition effect of Solanum nigrum. L juice on S180 ascites cancer cells

To study the action and application of Solanum nigrum.L Juice (abbreviate: S.J) on inhibiting tumors of S180 ascites cancer. Methods: Build mice tumor model through injecting S180 ascites cancer into mice's right armbet .48 male mice from KunMing of four to six weeks were randomly divided into 4 groups: Solanum Nigrum L Juice—high dosage (3mg/ml), middle dosage (1.5mg/ml), low dosage (0.75mg/ml); control group. After taking medicine for 15 days, kill the mice and measure the weight of tumor、spleen and thymus. Result: ①Tumor weights in middle and high dosage group are lighter than control group(P<0.05). ②Spleen index of test groups are different from control group(P<0.05). Conclusion: Solanum. nigrum.L Juice has inhibitory roles to S180 ascites cells.     

Immunosuppression by breast cancer associated p43-effect of immunomodulators

Summary It has been previously shown that p43 — a breast cancer associated antigen — has immunosuppressive properties. The present study was carried out in order to elucidate the pathomechanisms of immunosuppression in breast cancer patients influenced by the expression of p43. Lymphocytes were cultured from blood of 29 women with benign lesions in the breast as well as from 41 female patients with breast cancer. Lymphocyte stimulation was performed by addition of Concanavalin (Con A) in cultures with lymphocytes alone (CONLYM) or in lymphocytes incubated with p43 (CONAg). In other series immunomodulation was tried by addition of indomethacin (INDLYM, INDAg), levamisole (LEVLYM, LEVAg), or interleukin-2 (ILLYM, ILAG). In breast cancer patients, addition of p43 significantly inhibited the activation of lymphocyte proliferation by Con A compared to women with benign tumors. The addition of indomethacin or levamisole did not influence this inhibitory effect of p43 in breast cancer patients. Contrary to these observations, addition of IL-2 resulted in increased proliferation of lymphocytes from patients with benign as well as malignant tumors, which was inhibited after addition of p43. Analysis of the correlation of the immunosuppressive properties of p43 in correlation with prognostic factors for breast cancer showed evidence for a stronger activity of p43 in early stage tumors (i.e. smaller than 2 cm, lymph node negative, histologic grading GI), confirming previous observations of a higher expression of p43 in early stages of breast cancer.     

青蒿琥酯对小鼠肝癌及S180实体瘤的抑制作用

目的研究青蒿琥酯的抗肿瘤作用.方法用移植性肝癌和S18011肿瘤组织生理盐水混悬液,每只小鼠腋窝皮下接种0.2 ml,24 h后,肌肉注射青蒿琥脂,连续10天.结果青蒿琥酯60mg/(kg·d)、30 mg/(kg·d)和15 mg/(kg·d)对小鼠肝癌的抑瘤率分别为39.79%～54.49%、37.79%～49.96%和40.38%～53.96%.青蒿琥酯100mg/(kg·d)、50 mg/(kg·d)和25mg/(kg·d)对小鼠S180的抑瘤率分别为48.53%～49.60%、47.78%～57.96%和58.87%～68.57%.对2种瘤株经重复实验,均有抑瘤作用.结论青蒿琥酯对小鼠肝癌和S180均有抑瘤作用.