STATCOM对电力系统继电保护的影响研究综述

静止同步补偿器（STATCOM）是目前用于电力系统中性能最好的无功补偿装置。文中介绍了静止同步补偿器的基本工作原理、类型、主电路结构控制策略，从STATCOM的谐波、控制策略、安装位置和STATCOM对保护的灵敏度等四个方面综述了STATCOM应用于电力系统后对继电保护的影响的研究现状。     

用户端STATCOM的直接电流控制方法研究

针对低压配电系统或工业负荷的特点,研究一种适用于小功率静止同步补偿器STATCOM（StaticSynchronousCompensator）装置的基于电流直接控制的控制方案,并用MATLAB软件进行了仿真验证;实验采用基于DSP控制的实验平台,设计了50KvarSTATCOM实验系统;将仿真结果和实验结果对比,证明设计的可行性;通过对STATCOM进行的基波无功补偿实验和动态响应实验,证明STATCOM的良好的无功补偿性能和动态响应速度。     

STATCOM对电力系统继电保护的影响研究综述

静止同步补偿器(STATCOM)是目前用于电力系统中性能最好的无功补偿装置。文中介绍了静止同步补偿器的基本工作原理、类型、主电路结构控制策略,从STATCOM的谐波、控制策略、安装位置和STATCOM对保护的灵敏度等四个方面综述了STATCOM应用于电力系统后对继电保护的影响的研究现状。     

混合无功补偿系统分层控制策略

针对电能质量要求日益增加,为实现大容量低成本动态无功补偿,提出一种以静止无功补偿器(SVC)和静止无功发生器(SVG)协同运行的混合无功补偿系统,系统在充分利用SVG.SVC优势的基础上,构建一种基于频率分解的SVC+SVG的混合无功补偿分层控制模型。其中,功率协调层将无功指令电流进行分解,将频率较小的无功分量分配给SVC进行补偿,将频率较大的无功分量分配给SVG进行补偿;补偿控制层由于SVG处理的均为高频无功信号,使用自适应粒子群算法对SVG控制器进行PI参数整定;补偿执行层通过对SVC和SVG主电路发出无功电流,对电网无功功率进行补偿。Simulink仿真分析验证了所提控制策略的有效性,且相比于纯SVG补偿,成本有较大优势。     

新型无功补偿器在异步风力发电机上应用的仿真研究

由于基于电力电子逆变技术的无功补偿装置--静止同步补偿器(STATCOM)采用了GTO,IGBT等大功率全控型器件,因此能够更快速、更有效地补偿系统中的无功功率,而且补偿容量不受装置容量限制,调节特性更优.通过以含有STATCOM的风电系统为例,结合电流间接控制方法,仿真分析了STATCOM在系统暂态故障过程中的调节作用.仿真结果表明,STATCOM在维持系统电压稳定和提高电力系统的暂态稳定极限上发挥了很大的作用.     

一种基于全闭环实时数字物理仿真的 次同步振荡阻尼控制

为解决呼盟系统火电机组存在的次同步振荡问题,提出一种基于静止无功补偿器的次同步振荡阻尼控制。采用RTDS实时仿真工具与实际系统控制器搭建全闭环实时数字物理仿真平台,实现验证控制策略、优化控制参数及检验控制器有效性等工作。通过频率扫描法仿真实验寻找次同步振荡中心频率,大扰动仿真实验表明,静止无功补偿器能有效抑制火电机组轴系次同步振荡,验证了控制策略正确性及可行性,为现场调试提供指导。     

静止同步补偿器在10 kV配电线路中的应用

针对10 kV长距离配电线路普遍存在电压损失、功率损耗过大的问题,以线路传输无功功率产生的有功损耗最小为目标,对线路采用静止同步补偿器进行单点无功补偿,给出最优无功补偿点和最优无功补偿容量的计算方法,并应用于负荷均匀、连续分布线路中,验证了该方法的准确性、可操作性强,且有利于降低线路因传输无功而产生的损耗和压降。     

通过SVC和TCSC联合改善异步机风电场暂态电压稳定性研究

用静止无功补偿器(SVC)和可控硅控制串联补偿器(TCSC)进行联合补偿,以提高异步风机风电场的暂态电压稳定性。在Matlab/Simulink中搭建了风电场及相关电网模型,通过仿真计算验证了SVC和TCSC对异步机风电场与电网暂态电压稳定性的作用。研究结果表明:在风速随机波动的情况下,SVC能动态地补偿无功功率,保持系统的暂态稳定性;当接入电网发生三相短路的大扰动故障时,TCSC能够有效地恢复机端电压,提高了风电场的低电压穿越能力。     

煤矿牵引供电系统无功动态谐波综合补偿技术分析

本文针对煤矿牵引电车供电系统的特点,提出了一种利用混合补偿器进行牵引电车配电所无功和谐波综合补偿的方案。介绍了牵引电车配电所无功动态并联综合补偿装置的基本构成、装置的调试、运行情况,以及滤波器组、吸流电抗器组的过零投切波形以及补偿效果。分析了该可调无功补偿装置的工作原理,讨论了谐波及无功电流检测方法与混合补偿器的控制策略。     

电力系统谐波、负序与无功电流复合补偿策略的研究

基于瞬时无功功率理论,提出了一种适用于三相三线制和三相四线制电力系统谐波、负序以及无功电流的复合补偿策略。数值仿真结果表明,该复合补偿策略的投入使用,可使电力系统综合补偿装置运行在有源电力滤波器和静止无功发生器功能相结合的复合工作模式,从而实现具有不对称非线性负载的电力系统的谐波抑制、无功补偿以及负载不平衡抑制等综合控制任务。     

风电系统的无功功率与电网电压稳定

论述了风电容量在占局部电网相当比例时,风电机组的无功功率调整与电网电压之间的关系,对于定速和变速风电机组的运行特性做了分析,提出了在需要做无功功率调整时风电机组应能满足的特殊要求。     

New energy power generation-wind power generation

This paper introduced the status quo of wind power and wind power generation technology. Focusing on the introduction of wind power generating system ibrational self-consistent field（VSCF）, program implementation included Alternating Current （AC）-Direct Current （DC）-AC conversion system, magnetic field modulation generator system, doubly-fed generator system etc. Among these, doubly-fed generator system is the trend. Where to build the wind farm is very important, so a perfect site is needed. Wind power generation will have a bright future. As long as the wind power can be linked to the grid in large scale.     

Output power control for large wind power penetration in small power system

Nowadays, wind turbine generator (WTG) is increasingly required to provide control capabilities regarding output power. Under this scenario, this paper proposes an output power control of WTG using pitch angle control connected to small power systems. By means of the proposed method, output power control of WTG considering states of power system becomes possible, and in general both conflicting objectives of output power leveling and acquisition power increase are achieved. In this control approach, WTG is given output power command by fuzzy reasoning which has three inputs for average wind speed, variance of wind speed, and absolute average of frequency deviation. Since fuzzy reasoning is used, it is possible to define output power command corresponding to wind speed condition and changing capacity of power system momentarily. Moreover, high performance pitch angle control based on output power command is achieved by generalized predictive control (GPC). The simulation results by using actual detailed model for wind power system show the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Output power variations with solar power satellites

The first comprehensive evaluation of output power variations expected from Solar Power Satellites is presented. The various factors are classified in a two tier manner as: deterministic (either periodic or non-periodic) and statistical (either constant with system life or changing with life). The largest variations are due to seasonal periodic factors, namely variations in the solar constant (± 3.3 per cent) and a solar illumination variation with the photovoltaic array held perpendicular to the orbit plane (± 4.2 per cent). Other key factors delineated which are being quantified presently include power reductions due to microwave power tube failure and silicon solar cell radiation damage, while multiple shadowing of adjacent power stations in geosynchronous orbit and rectenna structural factors and combining efficiency variations are representative of areas that need further study.     

Microthermophotovoltaic power generator with high power density

A promising energy source for portable MEMS devices, microthermophotovoltaic (micro-TPV) power generator, is described in this paper. The system mainly consists of a micro SiC combustor, and a GaSb photovoltaic (PV) cell array and a simple nine-layer dielectric filter, with a volume of about 3.1 cm³. When the flow rate of H₂ is 4.2 g/h, and H₂/O₂ ratio is 0.7, the system is able to deliver 3.06 W electrical power, the open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current are 2.31 V and 1.74 A, respectively, the result is a power density of about 1.0 W/cm³ (1 MW/m³). The effect of all kinds of factors on the performance of the micro-TPV system is also discussed in this paper.     

Wind power and market power in competitive markets

Average market prices for intermittent generation technologies are lower than for conventional generation. This has a technical reason but can be exaggerated in the presence of market power. When there is much wind smaller amounts of conventional generation technologies are required, and prices are lower, while at times of little wind prices are higher. This effect reflects the value of different generation technologies to the system. But under conditions of market power, conventional generators with market power can further depress the prices if they have to buy back energy at times of large wind output and can increase prices if they have to sell additional power at times of little wind output. This greatly exaggerates the effect. Forward contracting does not reduce the effect. An important consequence is that allowing market power profit margins as a support mechanism for generation capacity investment is not a technologically neutral policy.     

A hybrid power source for pulse power applications

Portable 12 V power supplies are used extensively for communications and power tool applications. These devices demand fast response times of the power supply. Fuel cells are generally best suited to continuous power applications and require an initial warm-up period, although they offer the prospect of increased operational duration over a battery for a given weight of portable system. This paper investigates the combination of specific energy performance from the fuel cell system with the specific power and response time of the battery. Two separate hybrid systems have been developed and tested; a planar, 20-cell, polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stack together with either a lead–acid or nickel/cadmium battery; and a conventional 20-cell, bipolar, PEMFC stack. Both systems have been tested under pulse-load conditions at temperatures between −20°C and +40°C, and for comparison, the individual components have undergone similar tests. The hybrid systems have successfully operated continuously for several weeks under load profiles that the fuel cell alone could not sustain.     

Environmental/economic power dispatch with wind power

Economic environmental dispatch (EED) is a significant optimization problem in electric power system. With more wide spread use of wind power, it is necessary to include wind energy conversion system (WECS) in the EED problem. This paper presents a model to solve the EED problem incorporating wind power. In addition to the classic EED factors, the factors accounting for overestimation and underestimation of available wind power in both economic and environmental aspects are also considered. In order to obtain some quantitative results, the uncertain characteristic of available wind power and the performance of WECS are determined on the basis of the statistical characteristic of wind speed. The optimization problem is numerically solved by a scenario involving two conventional generators and two wind-powered generators. The results demonstrate that the allocation of system generation capacity may be influenced by multipliers related to the cost for overestimation and underestimation of available wind power, and by the multiplier related to the emissions for underestimation of available wind power. Nevertheless, the multiplier related to the emissions for overestimation of available wind power has little impact on the allocation. Taking account of economic factors, environmental factors and impacts of wind power penetration, the proposed EED model is beneficial to finding the right balance between radical and conservative strategy for wind power development.     

Electric power quality-the strong connection with power electronics

Early power equipment was designed to withstand disturbances such as lightning, short circuits, and sudden overloads without extra expenditure. Current power electronics (PE) prices would be much higher if the equipment was designed with the same robustness. Pollution has been introduced into power systems by nonlinear loads such as transformers and saturated coils; however, perturbation rate has never reached the present levels. Due to its nonlinear characteristics and fast switching, PE create most of the pollution issues. This article shows how PE and electric power quality (PQ) are related in almost every aspect of commercial, domestic, and industrial application.     

Got power? [power engineers recruitment]

This paper discusses the different factors that can help to ensure that the future demand for power engineers will be met. These factors include the articulation of a compelling mission, development of a comprehensive strategy, execution of supporting tactics, and demonstration of leadership.