基于韦伯定律的过渡区提取及阈值分割

近年来,基于过渡区的图像阈值分割方法成为图像分割中的一种新方法。针对有效平均梯度法和局部熵法没有同时考虑图像灰度变化的幅度和频率,通过分析过渡区域的属性,提出一种基于韦伯定律的过渡区阈值分割算法。韦伯定律可以有效地表示过渡区的本质。因此,提出算法能够准确地提取图像的过渡区,并得到理想的分割结果。根据一些图像分割的定量评价标准,做了一系列实验,与两种典型的过渡区阈值分割算法相比,提出算法的计算复杂度较低的同时还具有很好的提取图像的过渡区域和分割性能。     

融合局部描述子的阈值图像分割算法

针对基于局部熵的过渡区阈值算法中没有同时考虑局部图像灰度变化的频率和幅度,提出一种融合局部描述子的过渡区阈值算法.提出算法首先采用图像的局部熵和局部方差等局部描述子提取图像的局部特征;其次融合局部图像特征构造特征矩阵,并选取合适的特征阈值提取图像的过渡区;最后根据图像过渡区的灰度均值分割图像.实验结果表明,根据一些图像分割的定量评价标准,提出算法提取过渡区的质量高,分割图像效果好.     

基于度信息的图像过渡区提取与分割

提出一种基于度信息的图像过渡区提取与分割算法．将一幅图像映射为带权无向图,权函数定义为节点之间的相似度,由于目标内部与背景内部的像素同质性好,相似度大,因此度值较大,而边缘像素的度值就小,由此提取过渡区并进行图像分割．实验结果表明,本方法能够稳定地提取过渡区,且处理速度明显优于原有的过渡区提取方法。     

基于粗糙熵和K-均值聚类算法的图像分割

针对基于粗糙熵的图像分割算法不能满足复杂图像的多类目标提取的需要,本文先利用K-均值聚类算法对图像进行区域分割,再利用基于粗糙熵的方法对分割结果进行目标提取,从而达到多阈值分割的目的。通过对遥感图像进行分割处理,证明了改进后算法的有效性。     

基于蛙跳算法与Otsu法的图像多阈值分割技术

 为了快速准确地确定多阈值图像分割中的最佳阈值,提出了一种基于蛙跳算法与Otsu法相结合的多阈值图像分割方法.该方法将多阈值求解看作一种多变量的组合求解优化问题,利用多阈值Otsu法设计分割目标函数,将新兴的仿生学优化求解算法——蛙跳算法引入到图像分割技术中,通过蛙跳算法中全局搜索和局部搜索相结合的搜索机制并行求解多个阈值.实验结果表明,该方法与基于人工鱼群算法的图像多阈值分割方法相比,明显提高了图像分割速度和分割质量.     

一种基于多阈值迭代方法的图像分割算法

针对含有多个目标的灰度图像提出一种基于多阈值迭代方法的图像分割算法.首先使用非线性拉伸灰度直方图,并对图像不同灰度范围使用二值掩模进行处理,在此基础上采用迭代式阈值算法反复分割的图像分割算法.实验证明,这种综合分割算法能够有效降低单阈值穷举搜索算法的计算复杂度,分割效果也比较令人满意.     

基于模糊集与区域生长算法的胎儿下腔静脉血管超声分割

本方研究了胎儿下腔静脉血管在B型超声图像中的分割问题.B型超声使用方便,在临床中有广泛使用,但其图像有噪声多、对比度差的缺陷.为了有效地在B型超声图像中分割血管,提出了一种基于模糊集与区域生长算法的分割算法;该算法预先使用模糊集算法处理,以提高图像对比度;并使用基于梯度改进的自适应区域生长算法进行分割.实验以医生的手工分割结果作为金标准,并与阈值分割和水平集算法进行了对比.实验表明,该方法的准确度和稳定性高于阈值分割和水平集分割方法结果.     

分割神经干细胞图像的两种聚类多阈值分割方法

计算机自动化的细胞图像分割和跟踪系统将有助于神经干细胞的增值和分化调控的研究。该文针对神经干细胞图像分割问题,比较了利用自组织映射多阈值分割方法和k均值多阈值分割方法提取分水岭标记的能力。结果显示,这2种聚类多阈值分割方法可以有效地提取分水岭算法的前景标记和背景标记,而自组织映射多阈值分割对前景标记的干扰区分能力略优。     

基于颜色模型和区域特性的交通标志提取方法研究

为了提升交通标志的检测效率,研究了基于RGB归一化交通标志阈值分割算法和基于HSI颜色模型的交通标志阈值分割算法,对比分析了两种分割算法的性能。针对分割后二值图像交通标志虚警率高的问题,研究了标志的区域特性,提出了基于区域特性的交通标志提取阈值处理方法,为进一步提升基于形状特征或基于机器学习的交通标志检测效率奠定了坚实基础。     

一种新的图像模糊散度阈值化分割算法

为提高灰度图像分割的效果,提出了一种新的基于图像间模糊散度的阈值化算法及它在多阈值选择中的推广算法。算法采用模糊集合分别表达分割前后的图像,通过最小模糊散度准则实现图像分割中最优阈值的自动提取。算法针对图像阈值化分割的要求构造了一种新的模糊隶属度函数,克服了传统Ｓ－函数带宽对分割效果的影响。将其与多种经典的阈值化分割算法一起,对不同类型的测试图像进行分割比较的结果表明,新算法有很好的通用性和有效性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-