酚醛树脂泡沫塑料增韧改性的研究

研究了预聚体的用量对酚醛泡沫塑料的表观密度、抗冲击强度、压缩强度、吸水率和阻燃性等性能的影响，用SEM观察了酚醛泡沫塑料泡体的微观形貌。结果表明：当预聚体的加入量为8％时，酚醛泡沫塑料的表面密度由0．693g／cm^3下降为0．598g／cm^3；冲击强度和压缩强度分别提高了50％和96．5％；吸水率由2．08％降低到了1．38％；阻燃性有所下降。     

麦秸刨花板的吸水厚度变化模型

通过理论推导和实验数据的拟合曲线求得麦秸刨花板的吸水厚度变化模型,模型的应用结果表明：麦秸刨花板中胶粘剂的MDI用量越多,其最大的吸水厚度膨胀率越低,尺寸稳定性越高,当麦秸刨花板的密度从0.65g/cm^3增加到0.75g/cm^3时,其尺寸稳定性略有改进,厚度为10mm的麦秸刨花板,当热压温度取150℃,热压时间从6min增加到10min的过程中,麦秸刨花板的吸水厚度膨胀率开始呈下降趋势,随后增加。     

竹材定向刨花板工艺和性能的研究

<正>研究表明,竹材定向刨花板的静曲强度和弹性模量随着板密度、刨花长度、表层定向铺装刨花所占比例和施胶量的增加而增加;竹青和竹黄对板子性能无显著影响;增加长条刨花所占比例,会提高夹心结构定向刨花板在定向方向的静曲强度和弹性模量。总之,用竹子制造定向刨花板,从板子性能和相应的工艺条件来看是可行的。     

苹果木高密度刨花板热压工艺的研究

大量苹果木被遗弃,造成资源浪费。为了解决这个问题,采用正交试验对苹果木高密度刨花板制造关键工艺参数进行研究。结果表明：（1）刨花初含水率对刨花板的理化性能不显著;施胶量对刨花板内结合强度、含水率影响显著,而对刨花板静曲强度和2h吸水厚度膨胀率影响不显著;热压时间对刨花板2h吸水厚度膨胀率影响显著,而对其它性能影响不显著。（2）苹果木高密度刨花板较优的工艺参数为：刨花含水率为6%、施胶量为13%、热压时间为300s。     

定向刨花板物理力学性能的研究

<正>本文主要研究定向刨花板的物理力学性能,并且探讨施胶量和容积重与这些性能的关系。 性能测试包括九项指标:容积重,含水率,静曲强度,弹性模量,平面抗拉强度,握钉力,厚度膨胀率,热物理性能和吸声系数。文中把相同工艺条件下定向与非定向两种刨花板的物理力学性能进行对比,总结了定向刨花板在静曲强度和弹性模量方面的一些规律,譬如:改变三层定向板表芯层刨花重量的配比,可以人为调节板子平行和垂直两个方向静曲强度或弹性模量的比率,其数学模型为抛物线[(Y-K)~2=2aX];定向刨花板平行和垂直两个方向静曲强度或弹性模量的平均值与相同条件下非定向板的静曲强度或弹性模量近似相等。本文还讨论了如何评价刨花定向系数的问题,设想了一种用静曲强度增量表示定向系数的计算公式。     

洋麻芯刨花板的试制

洋麻(Hibiscus cannabinus)是一种传统的造纸纤维作物。笔者利用洋麻芯分别试制了单层和 3 层结构刨花板,单层结构采用3% pMDI或6% PF的施胶量,设计密度为0.25~0.85 g/cm3;3层结构刨花板采用施胶量3% pMDI,设计密度为 0.85 g/cm3,粗细刨花分层铺装,表芯层原料质量比分别为 3∶7,5∶5, 和2∶1。分析了板的常规物理力学性能(MOE,MOR,IB,TS,LE)及端面密度梯度(VDP)。结果表明:采用洋麻芯为原料制造的刨花板,具有较好的力学性能,但吸湿变形明显,这主要决定于密度和施胶量两大因子;单层结构具有非对称性;采用“细-粗-细”的分层结构可以有效改善单层结构的不对称性,表芯比为 5∶5 时3层结构刨花板的综合性能最佳。     

轻质麦秸板的传热特性

运用非稳态热流法——脉冲法测定了轻质麦秸板的基本热学性能(包括导热系数、导温系数、比热和蓄热系数等)。采用单因素试验设计，研究了板材密度和施胶量对轻质麦秸板热学性能的影响。结果表明：密度对轻质麦秸板的热学特性影响显，密度在0.1～0．25g／cm^3范围内，随着密度增加．导热系数上升，导温系数下降；施胶量则对其热学性能无显影响。与现有的建筑保温材料相比，轻质麦秸板具有良好的保温隔热性能，可以作为建筑材料代替传统的墙体材料及现有的保温材料。     

长岭岗林场杉木幼龄材与成熟材密度比较

测定和比较了长岭岗林场32a生杉木人工林的幼龄材和成熟材的密度．结果表明，该场杉木幼龄材全干密度为0．384g／cm^3、气干密度为0．382g/cm^3、基本密度为0．323g／cm^3，成熟材全干密度为0．435g／cm^3、气干密度为0．428g／cm^3、基本密度为0．392g／cm^3；经方差分析对各密度指标的显著性测验，幼龄材和成熟材全干密度、气干密度、基本密度都具极显著差异；而单株间各密度指标稳定一致．在此基础上，分析了密度对杉木利用的影响．     

异氰酸酯胶黏剂压制刨花板的力学性能

利用正交试验法研究压制工艺对异氰酸酯胶黏剂刨花板性能的影响.结果表明:异氰酸酯树脂胶黏剂的黏度、固含量适中,符合国家标准,可大规模推广使用;施胶量、热压温度和热压时间对刨花板性能有较大影响.通过极差及位级趋势分析可知:在试验范围内,制备刨花板的静曲强度、内结合强度均随着施胶量、热压温度和热压时间的增加呈增大趋势.其中,施胶量对刨花板内结合强度的影响最显著,热压时间次之,热压温度最弱;刨花板最优制备工艺为施胶量210 g/m2、热压温度180℃、热压时间450 s,此时内结合强度与静曲强度分别为0. 51MPa和22. 4 MPa.     

甘蔗渣/废弃塑料复合刨花板力学性能影响因素的研究

以细条状废弃热塑性塑料和甘蔗渣为原料,制备甘蔗渣/塑料复合刨花板,研究板材密度、甘蔗皮含量、塑料形态、甘蔗渣/塑料质量比对复合刨花板力学性能的影响.结果表明:投料量与复合刨花板密度及其力学性能存在正相关;甘蔗皮对复合刨花板的力学性能有不良影响;当蔗渣/塑料质量比为90∶10时,用合适投料量和长度的塑料细条可以制备出静曲强度和弯曲弹性模量均达到GB/T 4897.3-2003要求的甘蔗渣/塑料复合刨花板;当甘蔗渣/塑料质量比为80∶20时,复合刨花板的力学性能最佳.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to