蜡状芽抱杆菌壬基苯酚降解酶的分离纯化及其酶学性质(英文)

An extracellular NP-degrading enzyme secreted by Bacillus cereus.Frankland was purified to homogeneity by a combination of ammonium sulfate precipitation,Phenyl-Sepharose hydrophobic-interaction chromatography and DEAE anion-exchange chromatography.On SDS(sodium dodecyl sulfate)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis,the purified enzyme showed a relative molecular mass of 58.3 kDa.The depolymerzation of subunits was accompanied with the loss of NP-degrading enzyme activity,and removing denaturing factors by dialysis could restore the dimer structure and enzymatic activity.The enzyme had an isoelectric point of 5.5 and an optimal temperature of 60℃,and was the most active at pH 6.0.The enzymatic activity was stable at pH 4-8 and inhibited by Cu2+.TenN-terminal amino acids were determined to be ASVNSIKIGY,demonstrating that the purified enzyme was a novel one.The hydrolysis pattern of the purified enzyme indicated that the NP-degrading enzyme was an endo NP-degrading enzyme.The extraordinary thermo-stability provided the enzyme with a good prospect to be used as a new tool for clean-production process for textile industry.     

凝胶层析法纯化纤维素酶的研究

The gel filtration was carried out for purification of cellulase.The influences of chromatographic parameters on the resolution were studied to determine the optimal conditions for purification.The purified endoglucanase was obtained by gel filtration by Superdex 75 prep grade with an activity recovery of 92.8% and the purification factor 4.2.The sample volume should be below 6% of the column bed volume and the column bed height L≥12.0 cm.The optimum catalysis temperature and pH for the enzyme were 55℃and 4.5-.0 respectively.The cellulase was stable at pH ranging from 4.0 to 6.0 and temperature below 60℃.     

一种溶解酶(ATE)的分离纯化及其稳定性

An antithrombus enzyme (ATE) was precipitated by (NH4)2SO4 or ethanol from supernatant of Bacillus subtilis culture broth then purified using ion exchange chromatography on CM-sepharose fast flow. The effects of ionic strength and pH value on protein adsorption, the gradient elution at different flow rates and step elution were examined respectively. The recovery yield of the optimised process was 74.5% with a purification factor 8.1. The ATE molecular weight was estimated as 30ku by SDS-PAGE. The experimental results showed that the enzyme was stable in the range of pH 7 to pH11, and temperature 25℃ to 37℃.     

刺芹侧耳多功能过氧化物酶的纯化与鉴定

A versatile peroxidase (VP-Peco60-7) was generated and purified from the liquid culture of Pleurotus eryngii. The purification procedure included ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion exchange chromatography, and gel chromatography. The molecular weight and isoelectric point (pI) of VP-Peco60-7 were determined to be approximately 40 kDa and 4.1, respectively. By N-terminal sequence determination and peptide mapping analysis, VP-Peco60-7 was found to be similar to the versatile peroxidase isoenzyme VPL1, which was previously isolated from liquid cultures of the same species. However, the molecular weight and pI of VP-Peco60-7 were different from those of versatile peroxidases of liquid cultures, implying that the VP-Peco60-7 in this study is of a novel type. With 2,2′-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) as a substrate, the maximal enzyme activity was obtained at 50 °C and pH 3.0. The catalysis of ABTS by VP-Peco60-7 was expressed by the Michaelis-Menten equation. At 50 °C and pH 3.0, the maxi-mum velocity (Vmax) was 188.68 U•mg1 and the michaelis constant (Km) was 203.09 mmol•L1.     

快速纯化在大肠杆菌中表达的增强型绿色荧光蛋白

As an excellent reporter molecule, enhanced green fluorescent protein （eGFP） was widely used for gene expression and regulation and was generally expressed in Escherichia coli strain. A rapid procedure consisting of ammonium sulfate precipitation, size exclusion chromatography, and anion exchange chromatography was developed for the purification of eGFP. Based on the proposed procedure, recombinant eGFP with an electrophoretic purity was achieved in combination with an overall yield of 66% and a purification factor of 17.9. The fluorescent spectrometry of purified eGFP and lysate from E. coli strain expressing eGFP exhibited the same wavelength of excitation and emission maxima, indicating that the purification procedure did not influence the construct and fluorescent characteristics of desired protein. The procedure mentioned was easy to scale up for the purification of large quantities of eGFP.     

Purification and Characterization of Three Alkaline Endopolygalacturonases from a Newly Isolated Bacillus gibsonii

A newly isolated Bacillus gibsonii, designated as S-2 (CGMCC1215), was cultivated for production of alkaline pectinases utilizing sugar beet pulp as growth substrate. Purification of three alkaline endopolygalacturonases (endoPGs) from the crude pectinases extract was carried out by ultra-filtration, ammonium sulphate fractionation and ion-exchange chromatography, and their enzyme activities characterized. The three purified alkaline endoPGs, designated as S-I, S-II, and S-III, had a molecular weight about 38 kDa as determined by SDS-PAGE. The Km value and optimal temperature for optimal enzyme activities of S-I, S-II and S-III were 1.2 mg/mL and 60℃, 0.9 mg/mL and 55℃, 1.1 mg/mL and 60℃, respectively. Their best performances were given at an optimal pH 10.5, and sodium polygalacturonate was found to be the best substrate. The isoelectric points of S-I, S-II and S-III were 5.4, 7.4, and 8.2, respectively. Surfactants of Tween-80 and Tween-20 and metal ions such as Mg2+ and Ca2+ stimulated the activity of S-I, S-II and S-III, whereas S-III was inhibited by Ca2+, and Mn2+ and Zn2+ ions inhibited the activity of the three enzymes.     

Purification and Stability of an Antithrombus Enzyme from Bacillus subtilis

An antithrombus enzyme (ATE) was precipitated by (NH4)2SO4 or ethanol from supernatant of Bacillus subtilis culture broth then purified using ion exchange chromatography on CM-sepharose fast flow. The effects of ionic strength and pH value on protein adsorption, the gradient elution at different flow rates arid step elution were examined respectively. The recovery yield of the optimised process was 74.5% with a purification factor 8.1. The ATE molecular weight was estimated as 30ku by SDS-PAGE. The experimental results showed that the enzyme was stable in the range of pH 7 to pH11, and temperature 25℃ to 37℃.     

Separation,Purification and Characterization of Three Endo-polygalacturonases from a Newly Isolated Penicillum oxalicum

Three endo-polygalacturonases (endoPGs) from a newly isolated Penicillum oxalicum (CGMCC 0907) capable of utilizing waste biomass as growth substrate were separated and purified to homogeneity by ultra-filtration, affinity adsorption chromatography, CM-cellulose column chromatography, and Sephadex G-100 gel filtration chromatography with the overall yield of 64.5% from the crude enzyme. The specific activities and recovery rates of endoPG-1, endoPG-2 and endoPG-3 were 1120 U/mg and 21.6%, 1350 U/mg and 25.9%, and 1560 U/mg and 17.0%, respectively. The three purified endoPGs had a close molecular weight to 41 kDa as estimated by SDS-PAGE. The optimum temperature and pH for the function of them were 65℃ and 5.0, 55℃ and 5.0, 50℃ and 5.5, respectively. Their pI and Km values were 5.9 and 0.78 mg/mL, 6.0 and 1.2 mg/mL, and 6.1 and 2.0 mg/mL, respectively.     

液相合成甲醇催化剂活性的研究

The effects of reduction procedure, reaction temperature and composition of feed gas on the activity of a CuO-ZnO-Al2O3 catalyst for liquid phase methanol synthesis were studied. An optimized procedure different from conventional ones was developed to obtain higher activity and better stability of the catalyst. Both CO and CO2 in the feed gas were found to be necessary to maintain the activity of catalyst in the synthesis process. Reaction temperature was limited up to 523K, otherwise the catalyst will be deactivated rapidly. Experimental results show that the catalyst deactivation is caused by sintering and fouling, and the effects of CO and CO2 on the catalyst activity are also investigated. The experimental results indicate that the formation of water in the methanol synthesis is negligible when the feed gas contains both CO and CO2. The mechanism for liquid-phase methanol synthesis was discussed and it differed slightly from that for gas-phase synthesis.     

Adsorption behaviors of avian immunoglobulins and purification of immunoglobulin Y from chicken serum with mixed-mode resins

The importance of immunoglobulin Y(IgY) as a specific antibody equivalent to mammalian immunoglobulin G(IgG) is well recognized. However, production of highly purified IgY is still difficult due to the lack of specific purification methods. In this study, adsorption behaviors of Ig Y on four mixed-mode resins with functional ligands of 4-mercatoethyl-pyridine(MEP), 2-mercapto-1-methyli-midazole(MMI), 5-aminobenzi-midazole(ABI) and tryptophan-5-aminobenzi-midazole(W-ABI) were evaluated. The results showed that high adsorption ratio were found at p H 6.0–7.0 with little adsorption under acidic conditions. The resin with ABI ligand was then used to separate IgY from immunized chicken serum. An efficient process with Ig Y purity of 95% and recovery of 90% was developed after optimization of loading and elution p H and injection volume. The biological activity of the purified Ig Y was fully maintained. These results indicated that mixed-mode chromatography with specially-designed ligands has great potential for the separation of Ig Y from crude feedstock.     

绳状青霉β-葡萄糖苷酶的分离纯化及其酶学性质研究

从绳状青霉（Penicillium funiculosum）深层发酵液中分离得到一种未知的β-葡萄糖苷酶,并对其酶学性质进行初步分析.粗酶液经硫酸铵沉淀、DEAE-Sephadex A-25离子交换层析、Sephadex G-50凝胶过滤层析等步骤,获得了一种凝胶电泳均一的β-葡萄糖苷酶,经SDS-PAGE测得其分子量为19 kDa,其最适反应温度为60℃、最适反应pH值为4.5.     

蜡状芽孢杆菌ZJB-07112酰胺酶的分离纯化及其酶学性质

用一株蜡状芽孢杆菌新菌株ZJB-07112 (Bacillus cereus ZJB-07112)发酵生产酰胺酶,经超声波细胞破碎、High Q阴离子色谱、Phenyl-Sepharose疏水色谱等步骤获得了凝胶电泳均一的酰胺酶。用12.5% SDS-PAGE测得该酶的分子量约为60.6 kD。其N端氨基酸序列为ATIRPDDKAI。该酶水解反应的最适pH和最适温度分别为7.5和35 ℃。在pH 7.5条件下,该酶在50 ℃以上容易失活,60 ℃保温30 min后,仅保留10.8%的酶活。除了Hg⁺ 、Ag⁺等重金属离子和尿素外,其他金属离子和EDTA对该酶的活性影响不大。以丙烯酰胺为底物时,该酶的K_m和V_max值分别为2.64 mmol·L^-1和0.6 μmol·min^-1·ml^-1。     

Candida sp.脂肪酶的纯化及其性质

采用简单的两步法-离子交换层析和疏水层析法,对Candida sp. 99-125脂肪酶进行了纯化,比活提高了10.0倍,达到27200 U/mg,回收率为35.5%. SDS-PAGE电泳分析显示该酶的分子量约为38 kDa. 酶学性质研究表明,该酶最适反应温度为40℃,最适反应pH值为8.5,在室温下具有良好的稳定性. 钙离子和Tween80能够促进提高脂肪酶的活性,而铁离子、铜离子和SDS对其有明显的抑制作用.     

Q Sepharose^TM-XL强阴离子交换色谱快速纯化精氨酸激酶及其多克隆抗体的研究

利用QSepharose^TM-XL强阴离子交换色谱从虾的精氨酸激酶粗提液中纯化出精氨酸激酶。以其免疫大白兔．然后利用QSepharose^TM-XL强阴离子交换色谱从高免疫兔血清中纯化精氨酸激酶的多克隆抗体。采用SDS-PAGE检测精氨酸激酶及其抗体的纯度,并进行了活性测定。结果表明．利用QSepharose^TM-XL强阴离子交换色谱纯化出的精氨酸激酶及其多克隆抗体纯度高、活性强。建立了快速高效、操作方便而又适合实际应用的制备精氨酸激酶及其多克隆抗体的方法．可为精氨酸激酶及食品过敏的相关研究提供帮助。     

杨树菇中一种脱氧核糖核酸酶的纯化及其性质

目的分离纯化杨树菇子实体中脱氧核糖核酸酶,并对其性质进行分析。方法通过80%饱和(NH4)2SO4沉淀、Blue Sepharose 6 Fast Flow、DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow和SP-Sepharose Fast Flow层析方法,从杨树菇子实体中分离纯化一种脱氧核糖核酸酶。SDS-PAGE和活性SDS-PAGE测定相对分子质量,采用琼脂糖凝胶电泳和紫外分光光度法分析其酶学性质,并检测pH、温度、Mg2+和EDTA浓度对酶活性的影响。结果经纯化得到了一种脱氧核糖核酸酶,其相对分子质量为31000。该酶对超螺旋质粒DNA、λDNA、ssDNA和dsDNA均具有降解活性,对dsDNA的降解活性略高于ssDNA,且酶活性依赖于二价金属阳离子。该酶的最适pH值范围为7.5～9.6,50℃时相对酶活性最高。结论从杨树菇子实体中纯化的脱氧核糖核酸酶属于一种非限制性脱氧核糖核酸内切酶。     

一种新的高立体选择性羰基还原酶的性质及分离

从近平滑假丝酵母（Candida parapsilosis CCTCC 203011）中分离得到了新的NADPH依赖型羰基还原酶。粗酶经硫铵分级沉淀、DEAE Sepharose离子交换层析、Phenyl-sepharose FF疏水层析、Blue Sepharose FF亲和层析后在SDS-PAGE上显示为单一条带,其酶蛋白的相对分子质量为30 kD。该酶还原反应的最适pH值为4.5,最适温度为35 ℃,Cu2+对羰基还原酶有强烈的抑制作用。该酶具有较高的底物专一性和立体选择性,对α-羟基苯乙酮和4-氯乙酰乙酸乙酯具有较高的不对称还原活力,其产物分别为（S）-苯基乙二醇和(R)-4-氯-3-羟基丁酸乙酯,e.e值分别为100%和94.3%。因此该酶蛋白是不对称合成手性醇有效的生物催化剂之一。经LC-MASS-MASS分析得到了酶蛋白中一个肽段的氨基酸序列,通过比对发现该酶与假定蛋白（hypothetical protein CaO19.10414）具有一定的同源性。     

Enhancing the Activity of Glutamate Decarboxylase from Lactobacillus brevis by Directed Evolution

Glutamate decarboxylase (GAD, EC4.1.1.15) can catalyze the decarboxylation of l-glutamate to form γ-aminobutyrate (GABA), which is in great demand in some foods and pharmaceuticals. In our previous study, gad, the gene coding glutamate decarboxylase from Lactobacillus brevis CGMCC 1306, was cloned and its soluble expression was realized. In this study, error-prone PCR was conducted to improve its activity, followed by a screening. Mutant Q51H with high activity [55.4 mmol·L^− 1·min^− 1·(mg protein)^− 1, 120% higher than that of the wild type at pH 4.8] was screened out from the mutant library. In order to investigate the potential role of this site in the regulation of enzymatic activity, site-directed saturation mutagenesis at site 51 was carried out, and three specific mutants, N-terminal truncated GAD, Q51P, and Q51L, were identified. The kinetic parameters of the three mutants and Q51H were characterized. The results reveal that aspartic acid at site 88 and N-terminal domain are essential to the activity as well as correct folding of GAD. This study not only improves the activity of GAD, but also sheds new light on the structure–function relationship of GAD.     

重组幽门螺杆菌粘附素的纯化工艺

目的纯化大肠杆菌表达的重组幽门螺杆菌粘附素。方法将表达HpaA蛋白的工程菌经高压均质机破菌获得包涵体,经洗涤、变性、复性,Q Sepharose High Performance阴离子交换层析和亲和层析分离纯化。采用SDS-PAGE和HPLC检测纯度,用Western blot检测其抗原性。结果纯化后HpaA蛋白纯度高达95％以上,具有良好的抗原性。结论建立了从包涵体中获得高纯度HpaA纯化工艺,为进一步的研究打下了基础。     

B型肉毒神经毒素的纯化及胰蛋白酶对其作用分析

目的纯化B型肉毒神经毒素,并比较未激活和用胰蛋白酶激活的B型肉毒神经毒素的分子特性,分析在酸性和碱性条件下B型肉毒毒素复合物的完整性。方法取未激活、胰蛋白酶激活和热处理激活的B型肉毒毒素复合物,采用阴离子交换柱层析纯化神经毒素(分别为A、B和C组)。在酸性条件下溶解激活的B型肉毒毒素复合物(D组)。对各组进行纯度(特异毒性)测定和SDS-PAGE分析。结果柱层析后,神经毒素纯度均比复合物的纯度高,激活的神经毒素比未激活的高2～3倍;在非还原和还原条件下,A组的SDS-PAGE显示神经毒素、重链和轻链3条带;B组显示重链和轻链2条带;C组在非还原条件下显示重链和轻链2条带,在还原条件下只显示轻链1条带。在酸性条件下,B型肉毒毒素复合物由神经毒素与非毒性成分构成,在碱性条件下,神经毒素与非毒性成分分离。结论已成功纯化了B型肉毒神经毒素,经胰蛋白酶处理后,单链裂解为双链,比活性提高。     

重组人白细胞介素-12(CHO细胞)的纯化及其活性

目的建立CHO细胞表达的重组人白细胞介素-12(rhIL-12)的纯化工艺,并检测纯化的rhIL-12的生物活性。方法取高效表达rhIL-12的CHO工程细胞培养上清液,采用层析结合硫酸铵沉淀的方法进行分离纯化,ELISA法测定目的蛋白的含量,并计算回收率;SDS-PAGE、SEC-HPLC和Westernblot对纯化样品进行鉴定;以PBMCIFNγ诱生法检测纯化rhIL-12的生物活性。结果纯化的rhIL-12的总回收率为56.4%;经SEC-HPLC检测,其纯度达99.2%;SDS-PAGE分析显示,两个亚基的相对分子质量分别与理论值(40000和35000)相符;Westernblot分析显示,rhIL-12可与相应抗体发生特异性结合;rhIL-12诱生IFNγ量与rhIL-12浓度呈典型的S型曲线关系,具有剂量依赖性,其效价为8.3×106IU/mg。结论已建立了CHO细胞表达的rhIL-12纯化工艺,该工艺成本低,操作简便,纯化产物回收率和纯度高,适于工业化生产。