共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 187 毫秒
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纤维素乙醇生产中的预处理技术 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
当前,寻求可再生的清洁能源成为全球亟待解决的问题。纤维素原料十分丰富,又是可再生资源,利用纤维素制备纤维素燃料乙醇是发展新能源的重要途径,具有巨大的潜力和可再生性。纤维素原料的预处理是其转化乙醇过程中的关键步骤,直接影响着纤维素的水解效率和纤维素产生乙醇的生产成本。本文简要综述了各种纤维素原料预处理方法,并对各种方法的优缺点进行了分析和讨论。 相似文献
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介绍了利用木质纤维原料生产乙醇的主要技术,并指出技术先进、低成本的预处理工艺所需达到的关键指标。与用淀粉或糖类生产生物质乙醇相比,用木质纤维原料生产生物质燃料(即第二代生物质乙醇)具有经济和环境方面的优势,但由于木质纤维原料主要组分较为紧密,阻碍了纤维素和半纤维素水解为可发酵糖的进程。预处理的主要目的是提高酶的可及性,从而提高纤维素降解率。每种预处理方法对纤维素、半纤维素和木素都有特定的影响,应根据后续水解和发酵工艺来确定预处理方法和条件。 相似文献
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以玉米秸秆为原料,在温度160℃、保温时间60 min、乙醇浓度50%、固液比1∶8的条件下进行预处理,并对预处理前后的玉米秸秆进行半纤维素的提取和纯化。结果表明,乙醇预处理过程脱除了玉米秸秆中66.6%的Klason木素和61.3%的苯-醇抽出物,还降解了部分半纤维素和少量纤维素。在乙醇预处理过程中,半纤维素中的葡聚糖最易降解,聚阿拉伯糖次之,聚木糖最稳定,糖醛酸含量没有明显变化。结合红外光谱、紫外光谱、液相色谱等分析发现,乙醇预处理后半纤维素中含有较多的甲基、亚甲基单元,说明乙醇预处理造成玉米秸秆半纤维素降解,使半纤维素分子质量降低、多分散系数变大。 相似文献
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乙醇是以木质纤维素为原料,通过蒸气预处理、纤维素酶的牛产、酶水解、酒精发酵等工艺而制成的.该文主要阐述用木质纤维素生产乙醇的方法和工艺流程. 相似文献
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玉米秸秆经过预处理、酶水解、发酵可生产燃料乙醇,但其自身具有的木质纤维素紧密结构使得酶水解效率很低,导致乙醇产量低。因此,采用适当的方法对玉米秸秆进行预处理,破坏秸秆原有的纤维结构,提高酶水解效率和可利用性。本文对当前国内外玉米秸秆各种预处理最新方法进行了综述,同时对每种预处理方法的优缺点进行了分析,为玉米秸秆发酵生产燃料乙醇预处理方式的选择提供参考。 相似文献
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Teerapatr Srinorakutara ;Suthkamol Suttikul ;Ekarat Butivate ;Vishnu Panphan ;Nassapat Boonvitthya 《食品科学与工程:英文版(2...》2014,(3):148-154
The present study was conducted for the optimization of pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass (sugarcane trash), which is a renewable resource for the production of bioethanol. The pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis conditions including alkali (NaOH)/dilute acid (H2SO4), substrate and chemical concentration for pretreatment, enzyme dosage, pH, temperature and substrate concentration for hydrolysis were varied and evaluated for sugar and ethanol production at the end. The optimum condition was accomplished using 15% w/v DS of 0-2 mm sugarcane trash in size of particle. It was pretreated with two steps of 2% w/v NaOH autoclaving followed by 2% w/v H2SO4 autoclaving with washing step after pretreatment. An enzymatic hydrolysis was then performed using 15% w/v DS pretreated substrate, hydrolyzed with cellulase 50 filter paper unit (FPU)/g DS at 50 ℃ and pH 5. After incubating at 160 r for 48 h, 117.16 g/L reducing sugar was obtained. The achieved sugar after enzymatic hydrolysis was finally fermented to ethanol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae TISTR 5596, with concentration of 48.17 g/L ethanol or yield 0.509 g/g reducing sugars which was equal to 99.81% of theoretical yield. 相似文献
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Norma Retamal Jos M. Durn Jesús Fernndez 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》1987,40(3):213-218
Using prickly pear cladodes and fruits and different yeast strains of the genus Saccharomyces, both the chemical composition of the plant material and alcoholic fermentation were studied under controlled conditions. Before fermentation, fresh or previously dried cladodes were hydrolysed using cellulose or acid (HCl). The yield was determined by measurement of ethanol production by gas-liquid chromatography. Two conversion indices, representing either the percentage of reducing sugars or the energy converted into ethanol, were considered. Using fresh or dried cladodes without fruits, the best results were always obtained after performing both types of hydrolysis. The enzymic method gave the highest sugar yield. However, ethanol production was similar to that obtained by acid hydrolysis of fresh cladodes, and only slightly higher than that of previously dried cladodes. The potential ethanol production that could be obtained from prickly pear cultivation in various regions (arid, semi-arid and irrigated) is discussed. 相似文献
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用木质纤维原料生产乙醇的预处理工艺 总被引:24,自引:4,他引:24
预处理是利用木质生物资源生产乙醇的一个重要环节,纤维细胞的空隙度、纤维本身的结晶度、预处理温度、反应时间、pH值、纤维质原料的浓度对预处理产生影响,目前的预处理技术对木质生物资源的3种主要组分分离不完全且纤维素降解程度较高。今后对预处理的研究方向:有效分离出活性纤维,同时使半纤维素免遭破坏并充分利用,尽量减少对纤维素酶起抑制作用的降解产物的形成,减少能量消耗,降低成本,生产出高附加值的木素产品。 相似文献