重振布隆方丹中央商务区：前景、阻碍与错失的机会

一个多世纪以来,人们对城市变迁展开了系统性的研究,其中一个焦点是城市的中央商务区（CBDs）。过去几十年里有大量关于中央商务区衰落问题的文献,焦点集中在这种衰退为什么会发生,以及可以出台哪些刺激性政策措施来重振这些地区。本文主要讨论大城市中较为发达的地区,从地理上说就是南非北部的前工业重镇。就这些问题南非的学者也有为数不多但值得我们重视的文献,他们以年鉴形式记录了中央商务区的衰落及后续的重振措施。与国际上的经验类似,研究的焦点集中在南非的主要大城市地区,而二线城市则不在研究者们关注的范围之内。本文概述二线城市布隆方丹的中央商务区重振所面临的前景和阻碍的目的是,尽管在开普敦和约翰内斯堡等城市开展一般性的重振项目对抑制中央商务区的进一步衰退有显著成效,但对布隆方丹这样的二线城市来说,可能还需要一些其他措施。     

城中城价值论系列报道(之三) 城市综合体环渤海地区巡礼之明日之星——天津

前两期《城中城价值论》系列报道中,我们分别就城市综合体对于城市的价值提升与运营模式的话题进行了探讨,并对北京城市综合体的发展与典型项目进行了介绍。今后几期,我们会将视角扩展到未来中国经济发展重心的环渤海地区,捕捉天津、大连、太原等二线城市在城市综合体建设中的规律与经验,以此挖掘出整个中国城市综合体的发展脉络和解决之道。本期,我们关注的是有着"中国经济第三极"之称的环渤海领袖城市——天津,它的城市综合体发展之路在二线城市中具有很强的代表性。     

城市能级提高与现代服务业发展研究

城市能级与服务业发展状况存在正相关关系。城市能级提高依赖于产业结构的支撑,现代服务业发展促进城市向国际性大都市方向发展。高能级城市如全球城市纽约、东京和伦敦就是以现代服务业作为其进行全球经济管理与控制的方式与途径。现代服务业的高附加值、边际效益不递减以及正外部效应等特征可以增强城市聚集效应,推动城市职能高级化,扩大城市在国内与国际经济中的影响力。     

率先打造第四代国际航运中心

谁建成并拥有能级可观、影响巨大、功能创新的"低碳智网型"国际航运中心,谁就能在21世纪全球海洋与航空经济,乃至全球经济政治格局中握有更强的主动权.广州具有在全国乃至世界率先探索国际航运中心模式创新的后发优势.     

在深化改革中完善城镇化健康发展的体制机制

怎样＂推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化＂,在全面深化改革中完善城镇化健康发展的体制机制是一条重要路径。我们知道,随着中国的城市化进程,城市已成为经济、政治、社会和文化等发展的主要载体,全面深化改革自然对城市体制也提出改革要求。这就是坚持走中国特色新型城镇化道路,推进以人为核心的城镇化,推动大中小城市和小城镇协调发展、产业和城镇融合发展,促进城镇化和新农村建设协调推进。优化城市空间结构和管理格局,增强城市的综合承载能力。中国城市体制历经变革,目前形成了以地域性建制为主、层级繁多,实行市管县、     

弘扬开放发展的先行优势 构建广州开放型经济新格局

广州是中国古代海上丝绸之路的主要枢纽,具有悠久的开放传统。自20世纪70年代末的改革开放以来,广州敢于先行先试,获得了开放型经济发展的丰富经验与领先优势。党的十八大以来,广州的开放型经济出现了空前跃升的态势。在中国深度介入经济全球化进程中,广州需要以国家重要中心城市和走向全球城市的定位,依托粤港澳大湾区世界级城市群和基于全球枢纽型网络城市群的新优势,在提升国际创新资源配置能力、构建全面开放新格局上走在全国全省的前列。     

城市形象塑造的个性、共性与同一性

随着全球范围内区域经济格局的形成和强化,宏观上不同意识形态之间的对抗逐渐演化成区域经济之间的竞争和角逐,微观上企业间的竞争日益升格为城市之间、国与国之间、地区与地区之间的较量。在这种多元格局中,城市的地位和作用空前放大并凸显出来,城市成为企业抗拒颠     

选举与协商:中国式民主双翼

从农村到城市,从基层群众到领导干部,民主选举从形式、范围、内容上不断跃升,成为中国改革开放30年政治体制改革进步的代表性缩影。     

选举与协商：中国式民主双翼

从农村到城市，从基层群众到领导干部，民主选举从形式、范围、内容上不断跃升，成为中国改革开放30年政治体制改革进步的代表性缩影。     

粤港澳大湾区夜间经济发展现状与能级提升研究

夜间经济常被认为只是夜间消费而未获得更全面的重视。本研究在历史回顾和实践经验总结的基础上,将夜间经济定义为在夜间进行的生产、消费、分配、交换等多种经济活动的总称,认为夜间经济活动的目的是在新经济、社会和环境等因素之间取得平衡和可持续性。研究强调,在中国经济致力于高质量发展、新旧动能转换的历史时期,拓展包含夜间生产在内的夜间经济对城市和区域发展具有重要意义。改革开放之初,今天的粤港澳大湾区城市在夜间经济实践上曾先行一步;时至今日,粤港澳大湾区仍是中国夜间经济发展的领头羊。本研究归纳分析粤港澳大湾区夜间生产的催生动力、夜间消费的空间布局和业态供给现状,进而提出粤港澳大湾区夜间经济发展能级提升的方向与路径。     

Back and Forth and Beyond

The Journal invited Tom Andersen, author of major pioneering work on the reflecting team, and his colleagues, to offer comment on The Reflecting Team Process in Training. We thought such a north-south dialogue was in keeping with the spirit of reflecting teams, and the team members in Melbourne and Tromsø agree — Editor.     

Time and aging--mechanisms and meanings

A recent European Molecular Biology Laboratory Conference on Science and Society entitled "Time & Aging--Mechanisms & Meanings" fascinated scientists from different research areas as well as nonscientists. Topics discussed included not only the biological aging process but also the psychological effects of aging and social influences that affect this process.     

Arts and Crafts and Reconstruction

Abstract

This paper examines the role of arts and crafts in reconstructing communities after times of upheaval, their use in creating employment opportunities, and their impact on the nature of South African art history. It looks at craft initiatives during and after the Johannesburg World Summit on Sustainable Development in 2002, and draws parallels with early twentieth-century initiatives, particularly those of Florence Phillips, who founded the Johannesburg Art Gallery in 1910, Emily Hobhouse, who established Boer home industries, and the South African National Union, which promoted the manufacture and use of local products.     

Sexual Compulsivity and Sexual Behaviors Among Gay and Bisexual Men and Lesbian and Bisexual Women

Within the existing body of research, the information pertaining to sexual compulsivity (SC) among women, both homo- and heterosexual, remains rather limited in comparison to men. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of SC in a community sample of gay and bisexual men and lesbian and bisexual women and to identify differences in sexual practices based on classification as sexually compulsive within gender. Supporting previous research, the findings indicated that gay and bisexual men were significantly higher in SC when compared to lesbian and bisexual women. Similarly, sexually compulsive gay and bisexual men were more likely to report drug use with sex than their non-sexually compulsive peers, suggesting that “party n' play” may play a larger role for men with SC. In addition, the findings demonstrated empirical support for the proposition that lesbian and bisexual women with symptoms of SC were more likely to engage in specialized sexual behaviors in comparison to their non-sexually compulsive peers. These data suggest that SC manifests differently in gay, lesbian, and bisexual men and women.     

Evening and night work schedules and children's social and emotional well-being

ABSTRACT

An emerging body of evidence shows that parents’ non-standard work schedules have a detrimental effect on children's well-being. However, only a limited number of studies have investigated mediating factors that underpin this association. Likewise, only a few studies have examined the impact of fathers’ non-standard work schedules on children's well-being. Based on data from the Families in Germany Study (FiD), this study aimed to address these research gaps. The sample consists of parents and their children at ages 7–8 and 9–10 (n?=?838 child observations in dual-earner families). The data were collected in the years 2010–2013. Non-standard work hours were defined as working in evenings and or at night (every day, several times a week, or changing as shifts). Children's social and emotional well-being was measured with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The findings show that both mothers’ and fathers’ evening and night work schedules are linked to an increase in children's externalizing and internalizing behavior and that this association is partially mediated by mothers’ and fathers’ harsh and strict parenting, with a stronger mediation effect for fathers parenting.     

History and the here and now

This paper explores the lesser-known histories and present-day realities of small towns and non-metropolitan areas in the internal provinces of South Africa. It is different inasmuch as it focuses on transformations that have taken place at the local level, and where possible, generalises from these, rather than following the normal route taken by social scientists – at least from 1994, which has been to examine them from the top down. One feature of such changes has been the growth of gated communicates across the length and breadth of South Africa, but there are many more. One reason for their anonymity is that their evolution has been gradual and corpuscular, that they have become unconsciously familiar and are left unexamined. Another is our collective preoccupation with the metropolitan areas rather than the smaller localities where such processes are subterranean and confined. This paper presents very briefly some of the results of the researchers of the Local Histories and Present Realities programme over the past five years, in 19 separate centres. It examines the history and present circumstance of chiefdoms of Ga-Mphahlele and reveals the surprise finding that much of recent and contemporary politics revolve around events 200 years old. An analogous situation has arisen in Venda as well as in Mpumalanga and elsewhere, where a combination of new legislation to revive chiefly powers, and land reclamation legislation have lent a new legitimacy to chiefly powers, and inspired hundreds of phantom – and time-consuming – quests. Another massive development which has gone on around us but whose internal dynamics have never been observed is the rise of game hunting and ranching all over the interior of South Africa. This is a monster subject which is likely to have influence on all of our lives into which our group is now in a position to offer insights. A change of equal proportions is the rise of mining all over the interior Bushveld Igneous Complex – Mokopane is a good example of this and the huge social consequences this has brought in its wake. One final theme which embraces all the communities that we have studied is the local histories of transformation – collectively the most important – since 1994. This is almost entirely hidden to a wider world, including the transformed positions of local Indian residents.     

Acceptance and Caregiving of Married and Divorced Custodial Mothers and Fathers

The study examined whether differences in gender and family status affect parental caregiving disposition and acceptance of children among parents of children in mid-childhood. The number of participants were 122 divorced-custodial fathers, 107 married fathers, 85 divorced-custodial mothers, and 82 married mothers (n?=?398). A comparison among four groups of parents revealed the following gender differences: mothers scored higher on anxious caregiving and parental acceptance than fathers, and lower on avoidant caregiving. Regression analysis indicated that the higher the caregiving avoidance or anxiety, the lower the parental acceptance. Family status moderated parental acceptance, as avoidant caregiving was associated with reduced parental acceptance among married parents, but not among divorced custodial parents. The finding that avoidant caregiving was not associated with reduced acceptance among divorced custodial parents implies that their parental acceptance behaviors toward their children are affected by their parental status as sole custodial parent, and the associated responsibilities, rather than by gender.