利用碳化稻壳制备高纯硅过程球团制备条件的探究

利用碳化稻壳和石英砂作为原料进行制备球团试验冶炼高纯硅,通过检测球团的气孔率以及抗压强度,对造球过程中的最佳条件进行探究。试验结果表明,在球团制备过程中的最佳条件为:添加2%的黏结剂以及15%的水,造球压力为20 MPa,保压时间为90 s。采用此制备球团条件能够使原料中石英砂和碳化稻壳充分接触,且能够改善电弧炉内的透气性。     

含铁固体废弃物冷固球团强度的影响因素

为提高冷固球团强度，以含铁固体废弃物为原料，研究了黏结剂、原料含水的质量分数、成形压力、原料粒度和干燥制度等因素对冷固球团抗压强度和落下强度的影响。结果表明，配加不同黏结剂制得的冷固球团强度明显不同，且当黏结剂配比由1%增加至5%时，冷固球团的强度随之增加；冷固球团的强度先随原料含水质量分数的增加而增加，当原料含水质量分数增加至8%后，冷固球团的强度随着原料含水质量分数的增加而降低；冷固球团的强度先随成形压力的增加而增加，当成形压力增加至13 MPa后，冷固球团的强度随着成形压力的增加而降低；适宜的原料粒度组成会使冷固球团强度得到增强，干燥制度也对冷固球团的强度有一定影响。     

钒钛磁铁矿尾矿含碳球团强度性能研究

以攀枝花钒钛磁铁矿尾矿为原料,聚乙烯醇为黏结剂,研究了粒度组成、水分含量、压力、聚乙烯醇含量、配碳量等因素对尾矿含碳球团强度的影响。研究表明:球团强度随粒度细化和水分含量提高呈先升后降,随PVA含量的增加而逐步提高;随压力升高,抗压强度呈"N"字型变化,落下强度先升后降;随配碳量的提高,抗压强度先升后降,落下强度逐渐降低。获得了制备钒钛磁铁矿尾矿含碳球团的优化工艺参数为:-75μm占40%,水分含量8%,压力8 MPa,PVA含量0.6%,配碳量15%。在此条件下制得球团的抗压强度185.4 N,落下强度42.5次,完全满足工业生产中对球团强度的要求。     

含NaOH碱性钒钛磁铁矿球团矿的制备

 为了更好地探究钒钛磁铁精矿碱性球团低温还原熔分工艺,用钒钛磁铁精矿和焦粉为主要原料制备钒钛磁铁矿碱性球团,考察了加水量、成球压力、黏结剂加入量和NaOH含量对球团落下强度的影响及焙烧温度对球团抗热裂性的影响。结果表明:钒钛磁铁矿碱性球团的落下次数随成球压力、聚乙烯醇浓度和NaOH加入量的增加而增加,随加水量的增加呈先增加后减小的趋势变化;最佳成球工艺参数为水加入量为6%,黏结剂聚乙烯醇浓度为0.4%,成球压力为10 MPa,NaOH加入量为4%;在最佳的碱性球团制备工艺参数下考察了生球和干球的抗热裂性,两者随温度升高都变差,但是同温度下干球的抗热裂性优于生球的热裂性能。     

冶金尘泥制备金属化球团成型试验研究

用高炉瓦斯灰和转炉污泥进行制备金属化球团的成型试验,研究了粘结剂种类及其添加量、配水量、成型压力等对尘泥成型效果的影响.结果表明,粘结剂种类对成型效果的影响很明显,甲基纤维素的成型效果明显优于膨润土.在甲基纤维素用量0.3％、成型压力75kN、配水量10％的优化参数下,采用压团法所制备的金属化球团干球落下强度能满足转底炉生产要求.     

用球团返粉压团焙烧制备氧化球团的研究

由于采用磨矿或直接销售给烧结厂来消化球团返矿的方法无法取得较好的经济效益,本试验以球团返粉为原料进行压团焙烧试验,考察了混合料水分、除尘灰配比、粘结剂添加量、成型压力、焙烧温度、焙烧时间对制备球团矿的影响.结果表明:在混合料水分10％、返矿:除尘灰=7:3、粘结剂添加量9％、成型压力30 MPa、焙烧温度1 175℃、焙烧时间15 min的条件下,制备出的氧化球团矿能够满足高炉冶炼要求,实现了球团返粉的简单高效利用.     

高铬型钒钛磁铁矿内配碳钠基碱性球团制备

为探究高铬型钒钛磁铁矿内配碳钠基碱性球团的性能，开展了内配碳碱性球团制备工艺参数优化的试验研究。首先通过单因素试验讨论加水量、成球压力、黏结剂加入量、Na₂O加入量和配碳量对球团落下强度的影响；然后采用正交试验结合极差分析和方差分析确定影响球团落下强度的主次因素和最优工艺参数组合；最后在最优工艺参数组合条件下进行球团高温热裂性、转鼓指数和膨胀率测试。研究结果发现，球团制备的最优工艺参数组合为加水量6%、成球压力10 MPa、黏结剂加入量0.4%、Na₂O加入量1.2、配碳量1.2;影响球团性能的主次因素依次为成球压力、配碳量、Na₂O加入量、加水量、黏结剂加入量。在最优参数组合条件下，干球团在950、1 050、1 150、1 250℃下的高温热裂性分别为15%、20%、25%、35%,转鼓指数分别为82.3%、77.6%、72.8%、63.4%,膨胀率分别为108%、120%、106%、70%。上述球团制备工艺参数优化的研究结果可为后续高铬型钒钛磁铁矿碱性球团制备以及非高炉工艺回收高铬型钒钛磁铁矿中有价金属提供工艺参考...     

硫钴精矿含碳球团压力成型试验研究

以攀枝花硫钴精矿为原料,聚乙烯醇为黏结剂,采用单因素试验研究了水分含量、成型压力、硫钴精矿粒度、黏结剂用量等因素对硫钴精矿含碳球团抗压强度和落下强度的影响。结果表明:球团强度随着水分含量的增加先小幅波动后快速提高,随着黏结剂用量的增加呈先提高后降低的趋势,随着压强(成型压力建议前后一致)的增大和粒度的细化呈"N"字形变化。得出优化的硫钴精矿含碳球团制备工艺参数为:矿煤质量比5∶1,水分含量12%,成型压力6 MPa,黏结剂用量0.6%,硫钴精矿粒度-200目(74μm)占75%。此条件下制备的硫钴精矿含碳球团生球团的抗压强度为192.6 N/球,落下强度为28.4次/球;干球团的抗压强度为348.2 N/球,落下强度为57.2次/球。     

电热法制取铝硅合金的团块性能（Ⅱ）——抗压强度和电阻率

通过单因素实验，考察了压力、干粉粘结剂加入量、配水量、尾矿粒度对生球团块抗压强度的影响，并对焙烧后团块的抗压强度和电阻率进行了研究。结果表明：当制团压力为22．5MPa，千粉粘结剂加入量、配水量分别为9％、13％，尾矿粒度为0．178～0．124mm时，可获得较好的抗压强度；焙烧温度升高，保温时间延长，团块抗压强度和电阻率下降，下降幅度逐渐变小。     

新型黏结剂强化冷固结球团的作用机理

 黏结剂在冷固结球团中必不可少,目前广泛使用的冷固结球团有机、无机黏结剂如CMC、膨润土和水泥等均会在高温下失效,导致球团高温强度严重下降,因此,寻找一种高温强度良好的黏结剂是目前需要解决的问题。采用新型黏结剂制备冷固结球团,通过XRD和SEM-EDS等对新型黏结剂球团制备原料及球团性能特征进行分析,同时探讨黏结剂对球团冷态抗压强度及高温强度的影响及其作用机理。试验结果表明,黏结剂以流动状态存在于冷固结球团中,可有效吸附或包裹铁矿粉颗粒,增加黏结剂配比可同时提高球团的冷态抗压强度及高温抗压强度;在高温还原性气氛下焙烧冷固结球团,由于发生还原反应,球团金属化率提高,铁矿粉颗粒间空隙增大,导致球团强度下降,焙烧时间为30～90 min时,球团金属化率及抗压强度变化趋势最明显;焙烧初期,球团抗压强度不会发生快速下降,且焙烧结束后球团强度仍可保持为100 N/个左右。     

Voices of fear and anxiety and sadness and depression: The effects of speech rate and loudness on fear and anxiety and sadness and depression.

Two studies investigated the role of expressive vocal behavior (specifically, speech rate and loudness) in fear and anxiety and in sadness and depression. In the 1st study, participants spoke about personally experienced fear and anxiety-arousing and neutral events using 3 different voice styles: fast and loud, normal, and slow and soft. In the 2nd study, participants spoke about personally experienced sad or depressing and neutral events using the same 3 voice styles. In both studies, the participants' highest levels of subjective affective and cardiovascular (CV) arousal occurred when they spoke about the emotional events in a mood-congruent voice style: fast and loud in the case of fear and anxiety, and slow and soft in the case of sadness or depression. Mood-incongruent voice styles canceled the heightened levels of CV arousal normally associated with these negative emotions. The voice-style manipulation had no significant effect on the participants' levels of CV arousal during the neutral discussions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Synthesis and analysis of mixed chlorinated-fluorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans and assessment of formation and occurrence of the fluorinated and chlorinated-fluorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans

Despite the use of multimodal therapy, higher-grade glioma is still uniformly fatal in the adult population. There is a considerable difference between the length of survival in each given patient, even within the same tumor type and malignancy grade group, suggesting that there are factors that might differentially influence outcome. To identify such factors, 107 patients with anaplastic or malignant glioma were retrospectively investigated. Clinical parameters and paraclinical data on the p53, mdm2, and EGFR genes at the DNA or protein level were evaluated by univariate analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression modeling. Kaplan-Meier survival estimation demonstrated that immunohistochemical positivity for mdm2 protein in patients with anaplastic astrocytoma or with glioblastoma multiforme was associated with a shorter survival time (p = 0.02). P53 gene mutations and immunopositivity for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) protein were not significantly related to poor prognosis. The Cox proportional hazards model revealed immunohistochemical positivity for p53, mdm2, or for both of them, the presence of postoperative irradiation, and the extent of surgical resection of tumor to be variables significantly associated with prolonged survival. EGFR overexpression, age over 60 years, and Karnofsky performance score below 40 points did not significantly shorten survival time. In conclusion, the present study identified immunohistochemically detected mdm2-protein overexpression as a statistically significant negative prognostic parameter in patients bearing anaplastic or malignant glioma. Association analysis of variables revealed a possible correlation between mdm2 and p53, which is also consistent with the biological interaction mode of both proteins in vivo.     

Sexuality and aging--usual and successful

BACKGROUND: As aging research increasingly reflects an effort to dissociate true time-driven changes from those that can be improved, sexuality in later life remains largely unexplored. Several problems are evident. There is a lack of normative data, a lack of a conceptual framework relating to the biology, psychology, and sociology of sex, and an attitudinal resistance that obscures the entire topic. METHODS: We conducted a three-part instructional series on major topics involved with sexuality and aging. We surveyed our group of attendees (n 158, average age 68 for males, 65 for females) before and after the series. RESULTS: A remarkably robust sex life was evidenced by both the men and the women, even until advanced old age. Yet, a substantially decreased involvement was reported from 10 years earlier. Despite current activities, people of both sexes wished they were participating even more than they currently were. Impotency was identified as the major negative feature for the men; relationship problems were for the women. A questionnaire 6 months after the series reported improved sexual attitudes, but no change in sexual activities from the earlier survey. CONCLUSION: Sexuality is a major quality-of-life issue which persists into old age. Our study showed that the usual sexual practices reported by our group were not considered by them to be ideal. The intervention of this instructional series provided improved sexual attitudes but not performance. Additional studies are encouraged.     

Larks and owls and health, wealth, and wisdom

OBJECTIVE: To test the validity of Benjamin Franklin's maxim "early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise." DESIGN: Cross sectional analysis of sleeping patterns in a nationally representative group of elderly people, and longitudinal investigation of mortality. SETTING: Eight areas in Britain (five in England, two in Scotland, and one in Wales). SUBJECTS: 1229 men and women aged 65 and over who in 1973-4 had taken part in a survey funded by the Department of Health and Social Security and for whom data on sleeping patterns, health, socioeconomic circumstances, and cognitive function had been recorded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Self reported income, access to a car, standard of accommodation, performance on a test of cognitive function, state of health and mortality during 23 years of follow up. RESULTS: 356 people (29%) were defined as larks (to bed before 11 pm and up before 8 am) and 318 (26%) were defined as owls (to bed at or after 11 pm and up at or after 8 am). There was no indication that larks were richer than those with other sleeping patterns. On the contrary, owls had the largest mean income and were more likely to have access to a car. There was also no evidence that larks were superior to those with other sleeping patterns with regard to their cognitive performance or their state of health. Both larks and owls had a slightly reduced risk of death compared with the rest of the study sample, but this was accounted for by the fact that they spent less time in bed at night. In the study sample as a whole, longer periods of time in bed were associated with increased mortality. After adjustment for age, sex, the presence of illness, and other risk factors, people who spent 12 or more hours in bed had a relative risk of death of 1.7 (1.2 to 2.5) compared with those who were in bed for 9 hours. The lowest risk occurred in people who spent 8 hours in bed (adjusted relative risk 0.8; 0.7 to 1.0). CONCLUSION: These findings do not support Franklin's claim. A "late to bed and late to rise" lifestyle does not seem to lead to socioeconomic, cognitive, or health disadvantage, but a longer time spent in bed may be associated with increased mortality.     

Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis and sports

Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis occur predominantly in the lower lumbar spine. Besides congenital defects such as predisposition of spondylolysis the correlation between competitive sports activities and an increased incidence of spondylolysis is proved. In early stages, complete healing can be achieved by conservative treatment (abstinence from sports activities for 3 months, orthesis). Persistence of pain, neurologic symptoms and progression of vertebral slipping are indications for operative treatment (reconstruction of the isthmus, dorso-ventral spondylodesis). The exercise tolerance depends on the extent of instability, progression of vertebral slipping and clinical symptoms. The limits of exercise tolerance vary among the individual athletes and require the decision of the physician. Backstroke swimming, abdominal and back muscle strengthening exercises, and types of sport involving smooth movements are advisable. Sports education in school is possible without restriction in patients with stable spondylolysis and in those with spondylolisthesis without unfavourable concomitant factors.     

IQ and ego-resiliency: Conceptual and empirical connections and separateness.

The constructs of intelligence and ego-resiliency are discussed. The personality implications of "pure intelligence" and "pure ego-resilience" were identified. Intelligence (IQ) was indexed by the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS—R) and ego-resiliency by an inventory scale. Residual scores measuring "pure intelligence" and "pure ego-resilience" were correlated with the items of the observer based California Q-sort, used to describe participants. Persons relatively high on ego-resilience tend to be more competent and comfortable in the "fuzzier" interpersonal world; persons defined primarily by raw IQ tend to be effective in the "clearer" world of structured work but tend also to be uneasy with affect and less able to realize satisfying human connections. Gender differences exist in the relations of ego-resilience and intelligence and in their adaptive relevance. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Conserving and retaining equalities and inequalities through observation and correction.

Investigated the effects of modeling and corrective feedback on the conservation of equalities and inequalities, with items spanning 3 stimulus dimensions (length, number, and 2-dimensional space). Ss were 48 kindergartners (24 boys, 24 girls). Brief observation of a model, briefer correction training (joining positive feedback with verbal rule provision), and the combination of observation and correction were all successful in producing learning and, without further training, transfer and retention of conservation. Unlike the controls (who also never correctly answered any equality items), the trained experimental Ss gave evidence of spontaneously generalizing their new learning to a task that required nonverbal behavior to manifest conservation. (17 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Reasoning and food and contamination.

Examines strategies that are used to reason about food and contamination. In Exp 1, Ss refrained from choosing a substance that had been given a "poison" label when the intent of the labeler was ambiguous or malicious but preferred this substance when a rationale was provided that dispelled the implication that there once might have been contaminants present. Exp 2 was designed to compare the effects of safety on conditional reasoning in food and food-irrelevant contexts. When the safety issue was relevant to food in the form of contamination, Ss were most likely to use formal logic in reasoning. A similar pattern of responses was found in Exp 3 on tasks for which Ss' ratings of their experience of contexts were matched for plausibility, experience, and danger. Results are discussed in terms of an adaptive constraint that facilitates rationality in reasoning within the food domain (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

深云立交桥梁检测及加固改造

根据深云立交桥梁的检测结果，对该桥目前的整体状况、工作状态，及其使用情况做出综合评价，对桥的病害原因进行了分析，并提出合理的加固方案。