炼焦煤结焦性随变质程度变化规律研究

为研究影响炼焦煤结焦性的内在原因,对大量常用炼焦煤的镜质组平均最大反射率R軍max、高温塑性和成焦光学组织结构进行了测定及相关性分析。结果发现:高温塑性相同或接近的炼焦煤成焦光学组织结构中,粗粒镶嵌组分含量与其镜质组平均最大反射率呈线性相关,相关系数在0.832以上,其中最大基氏流动度范围在1 000 ddpm~10 000 ddpm的炼焦煤成焦粗粒镶嵌组分含量随变质程度线性变化相关系数相对较高。得到的炼焦煤结焦性随变质程度的变化规律,可供炼焦配煤工作参考。     

神华煤直接液化用煤检测项目关联性及回归分析研究

以神华鄂尔多斯煤制油分公司用作煤直接液化原料的原煤、精煤检测数据为依据,通过统计分析手段,建立了灰分、挥发分与发热量二元回归方程、煤的发热量与元素分析结果的回归方程,分析了煤质指标中灰分、挥发分与煤岩组分中镜质组+壳质组含量、惰质组含量、矿物质含量间的相关性。     

李岗煤矿区二_1煤层煤质特征及沉积环境浅析

通过对李岗煤矿区二1煤层煤质特征和沉积环境的分析,得出以下结论:二1煤层的宏观煤岩成分以亮煤和镜煤为主,暗煤次之;显微煤岩组分有机质以镜质组为主,无机质以黏土类为主;灰分产率多在11.00%~15.00%之间,硫质量分数小于0.5%,磷质量分数平均0.059%,原煤干燥基高位发热量平均32.24 MJ/kg;二1煤浮煤干燥无灰基挥发分含量7.00%~10.62%,黏结指数为0,胶质层最大厚度为0,属特低硫、中磷、低灰、特高热值的无烟煤。     

单一炼焦煤煤岩性质对黏结性和结焦性的影响

对不同变质程度单种煤的煤岩性质以及对应的40kg试验焦炉所炼焦炭的性质进行测定和分析表明,单种煤的黏结性不仅受煤变质程度影响,而且受炼焦煤中煤岩组成的影响,单种煤的镜质组平均最大反射率在1.1%左右时,煤的黏结性最好;镜质组反射率分布在1.1%~1.3%所占比例为30%左右时,所得焦炭的M40和M10最好。     

神东煤显微组分与基本结构特征研究

对神东煤显微组分及其反射率分布特征进行了详细阐述．利用工业分析和元素分析结果及结构经验公式，研究了神东煤的结构特征与煤岩组成的关系．利用^13C-NMR对神东煤显微组分进行了分析测试．结果表明，神东煤显微组分及其亚组分具有各自不同的反射率分布范围，煤中低反射率的惰质组含量较高．挥发分、氢含量、氮含量和氢碳比随惰质组含量的增加而下降，碳含量、芳碳率和缩合环数随惰质组含量的增加而增加．^13C-NMR测得镜质组和惰质组的芳碳率分别为0．67和0．81．     

配合煤镜质组最大反射率的预测方法

为了研究单种煤的镜质组最大反射率与配合煤镜质组最大反射率之间的关系,采用煤岩分析中的镜质组最大反射率测定方法对9个单种煤及采用均匀设计方法混合的18个配合煤的镜质组最大反射率进行测定及研究。通过对LM1～LM9原料煤的镜质组最大反射率进行分析发现,其分布区间为0.882%～1.446%,符合炼焦煤的镜质组最大反射率满足的分布区间。采用均匀设计U18×(189)实验方法设计这9种原料煤的配煤方案,通过测定发现这18种配煤的反射率区间为0.839%～1.259%,同时发现用均匀设计方法建立的数学模型R值大于0.9999,所以用该数学模型计算的配合煤镜质组最大反射率明显优于常规配煤加和法计算的数值。     

太原煤气化公司炼焦煤的镜质体反射率与其它指标间的关系

系统地研究了以山西省炼焦煤为主的烟煤镜质体平均最大反射率与挥发分、胶质层最大厚度以及胶质层最大厚度与挥发分和镜质体平均最大反射率之间的关系.研究表明,这些指标间均呈不同程度的二次曲线或线性的正变或反变关系,这对指导配煤炼焦具有较大的实际意义.     

煤显微组分的性质及燃烧特性研究

本文根据元素分析、工业分析以及差热分析等数据研究了平朔煤、红阳煤、大同煤和东胜煤的显微组分的性质及燃烧特性。结果表明，壳质组具有最大Ｈ／Ｃ比和最高挥发分含量，镜质组的Ｈ／Ｃ比和挥发分含量高于隋质组；显微组分的粘结性，镜质组大于惰质组；镜质组和惰质组相比较，镜质组的着火点低、燃尽温度也低，具有较窄的燃烧区间；壳质组的着火点最低，但是燃尽温度要高于镜质组。     

鹤壁石林勘探区二_1煤煤质特征

为了解鹤壁石林勘探区二1煤煤质特征和工艺性能,评价其工业用途。采取钻孔煤芯样35孔81个样,分析了二1煤的煤岩成分与宏观煤岩类型、显微煤岩组分特征、化学性质、工艺性能,研究了煤类分布及变质特征。结果表明,二1煤显微组分中镜质组含量59.50%~69.20%,镜质组最大反射率1.67%~2.01%,灰分16.18%~20.28%,挥发分14.73%~15.92%,发热量28.40~29.95MJ/kg,黏结指数2~35,哈氏可磨性指数109~149。根据现行中国煤炭分类,二1煤属贫煤、贫瘦煤、瘦煤。各煤类在平面上分布为:贫煤位于南部的F1~F22断层,贫瘦煤位于中部的F31~F114断层,瘦煤位于北部的F50~F66断层。煤层在深成变质作用的基础上叠加了区域岩浆热变质作用,使煤化程度达到以高煤级为主的烟煤阶段,形成贫煤—贫瘦煤—瘦煤的带状分布。贫瘦煤、瘦煤可作工业炼焦配煤,贫煤符合发电煤粉锅炉用煤和高炉喷吹用煤技术条件。     

西北地区不粘煤、长焰煤岩特征及某些工艺性质

西北地区中侏罗纪的煤层多为不粘膜、长焰煤,其中不粘煤的煤岩显微组分以惰质组中的丝炭化物质居多,也见有镜煤透镜体,按镜质体反射率可将其变质程度分为I、Ⅱ阶段,它与惰质组含量有很大关系,惰质组含量高,煤化程度低是造成煤对二氧化碳分解率高的主要因素之一。     

Proposal for coal classification

Several critiques to the ‘International Classification of Hard Coals by Type’ (ECE, Geneva, 1956) have been made in the past and a revision of its usefulness is currently being carried out by several investigators. The principal drawback of this classification is that it is not applicable to coals of variable maceral composition, especially those displaying a high content of inertinite. Furthermore, the parameters hitherto used in the International Classification and in some other national systems to define degree of coalification (rank), i. e. volatile matter and calorific value, are dependent on variable maceral composition. On the other hand, the parameters used in the International Classification to determine the agglutinating and coking properties of coals are competing parameters, instead of following a hierarchy. The proposed classification scheme is based on two primary parameters determined with microscopic techniques: (1) mean maximum reflectance of vitrinite, which is a good single measure of rank; and (2) petrographic composition (vitrinite and exinite) as an indication of the type of coal. A third parameter is chosen to qualify the different classes of coal: volatile matter for anthracitic coals; dilatation for semianthracitic and bituminous coals; and calorific value for subbituminous coals and lignites. The scheme is expressed by mean of a code number of four digits, which refers to the rank (first digit), type (second and third digits) and qualification (fourth digit) of coal.     

Coal characterisation by automated coal petrography

Automated imaging techniques were refined to characterise the rank and maceral composition of coals by a full maceral reflectogram of polished coal grain mounts. Precision was improved by processing individual grains in each image separately and correcting within the software for the topography that occurs between the different macerals and minerals in the grains. Maceral group proportions and vitrinite reflectance information extracted from these reflectograms compared well with manual results for a comprehensive suite of Australian coals varying in rank from a mean vitrinite reflectance of 0.48-2.13%. A parameter that combines rank and type calculated from the reflectograms correlated strongly with chemical properties determined by ultimate and proximate analyses. For a limited number of samples, for which coking tests had been performed, this parameter also correlated with estimated coking performance.     

单种炼焦煤煤质的研究

选取某焦化公司所用1/3焦煤和焦煤中有代表性的矿点,通过各矿点煤工业分析、镜质组反射率、单种煤成焦显微结构比较,指出了同一煤种的不同矿点,煤质差别较大。在判断煤质方面,单种煤成焦显微结构起着重要作用,且对配煤炼焦起到指导作用。     

单种煤煤岩参数对焦炭质量的影响规律

通过研究各单种煤的镜质组平均最大反射率R0max及分析单种煤40kg小焦炉试验所得焦炭气孔结构,得到焦炭气孔结构参数的回归方程及其影响规律,可用于指导配煤炼焦。     

The char structure characterization from the coal reflectogram

Coal is a heterogeneous substance and its heterogeneity is identified and characterized by variation in reflectance. The main objective of this paper is to characterize the heterogeneity of char and to correlate it with the coal reflectogram, which accounts for both rank and maceral composition effects. Chars from two density fractions in a set of coals were obtained in a Drop Tube Furnace (DTF) at 1400 °C in N₂ environment. The chars were examined under a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and the morphology information was obtained from the image-processing technique. The average porosity of char changes systematically with the FMR of its parent coals (defined as the summation of each reflectance multiplied with its frequency). The char porosity increased with an increase in FMR up to a critical value around 98. With further increase in FMR, the corresponding char becomes dense. The char macro porosity distribution was found to be related to the coal reflectogram. In general, the char porosity distribution shows two peaks, which corresponds to the inertinite and vitrinite peaks in reflectogram. The intensity depends on the maceral content. The relationship between the char porosity and coal reflectance for this set of sample has been found, which is strongly dependent on the coal rank. However, these findings cannot be applied to coals with a strong maceral association (microlithotype).     

青海焦煤煤质的特殊性研究

分析了青海焦煤的工业分析指标、镜质组反射率分布指标、焦炭机械强度、焦炭热性能,研究了青海焦煤的成焦显微结构,发现青海焦煤参与配煤炼焦,使焦炭质量劣化,不起焦煤作用的原因是其特殊成因造成其特殊的成焦结构,从而揭示出炼焦煤的工业质量指标及煤岩指标在评价炼焦煤质量上有一定的局限性,而单种煤成焦的显微结构(光学组成)能真正揭示炼焦煤的本质。     

基氏流动度指标特征分析

通过对炼焦煤基氏流动度指标、黏结性指标、镜质组反射率和挥发分等质量指标的研究,分析了不同煤种基氏流动度指标与其他黏结性指标和质量指标之间的关系,结果显示基氏流动度指标能够很好地反映炼焦煤的黏结特性,基氏流动度指标的最大流动度温度与炼焦煤变质程度呈现良好的相关性,可为炼焦煤质量的全面评价提供参考。     

Use of the petrographic model for coke quality prediction at the cherepovets iron-and-steel mill

The petrographic model for the assessment of quality characteristics according to the IGI procedure for coke produced by laminar coking of coal blends suggests the determination of the maceral composition and obtaining a vitrinite reflectance histogram for each component of the charge. From these data, the coking index of the charge and its leaning index are determined, which allow for predictive evaluation of the mechanical strength of coke with the use of the IGI classification diagram. This approach is successfully used at the Cherepovets iron-and-steel mill (CherMK) after the adjustment of the IGI procedure to the conditions of this plant.     

Macerals in bituminous coals and the coking process: 2. Coal mass properties and coke mechanical properties

Bituminous coals produced in the Ostrava-Karviná coal basin show considerable variation in their maceral composition, vitrinite reflectance and fluidity. There is a close association of the latter with the $\text{H}\text{O}$ atomic ratio expressing the different chemico-structural properties of vitrinites of lower coalification. These properties of the coal mass all influence the coke mechanical properties; moreover the $\text{H}\text{O}{}_{\mathrm{at}}$ parameter is of principal importance to the course of the coking process. Laboratory, pilot-plant and full-scale experiments show that coals rich in inertinite may give cokes of suitable mechanical properties, providing the $\text{H}\text{O}{}_{\mathrm{at}}$, ratio and the bulk density are high enough. It should be noted, however, that these coals contain finely dispersed inertinite in the vitrinite mass and this may have a positive effect on the coke mechanical properties.