前臂皮瓣与股前外侧皮瓣修复口腔癌术后缺损的临床研究

目的 比较前臂皮瓣与股前外侧皮瓣在口腔癌术后缺损中的修复效果。方法 选取84例口腔癌术后缺损并行游离皮瓣修复术的患者为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为2组,各42例。对照组行前壁皮瓣修复,观察组行股前外侧皮瓣修复。观察至术后3个月,对比2组皮瓣成活率、手术情况、口腔功能、并发症。结果 2组皮瓣成活率、皮瓣制作时间、住院时间、口腔开合、吞咽、咀嚼、语言功能评分相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组手术时间长于对照组,皮瓣面积大于对照组,并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 前臂皮瓣与股前外侧皮瓣均具有良好的皮瓣成活率,可有效改善口腔癌术后缺损患者的口腔功能,且治疗效果相当。前臂皮瓣修复手术时间短,股前外侧皮瓣修复术后并发症少,临床应根据患者具体情况选取适当的皮瓣修复。     

以颈横动脉为蒂的两种皮瓣在老年口腔癌术后缺损修复中应用的对比研究

目的:探讨以颈横动脉为蒂的两种皮瓣在修复口腔癌术后缺损的效果。方法:收集2021年3月-2022年3月在我院口腔颌面外科确诊为口腔癌并进行了皮瓣移植修复的39例患者。其中锁骨上动脉皮瓣组15例,上斜方肌皮瓣组24例。观察并记录皮瓣成活情况,供受区形态及功能恢复情况。结果:39例皮瓣总成活率为89.74%(35／39),锁骨上动脉皮瓣成活率为80.00%(12／15),上斜方肌皮瓣成活率为95.83%(23／24),两组皮瓣存活率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);在皮瓣特征方面,两组皮瓣的取瓣时间、皮瓣大小、住院时间、修复部位方面比较,差异也无统计学意义(P>0.05)。但是在术后并发症中,锁骨上动脉组在术后感染、瘢痕、色素沉着、功能障碍方面优于上斜方肌皮瓣组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后随访患者6个月,2组皮瓣修复效果良好,两组皮瓣术后生存质量评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:锁骨上动脉皮瓣与上斜方肌皮瓣均可作为修复老年口腔癌术后缺损的可靠皮瓣,但在并发症方面,锁骨上动脉皮瓣要优于上斜方肌皮瓣,能达到更好的效果。     

前臂皮瓣修复舌鳞状细胞癌术后舌缺损患者的术后生存质量观察

目的比较前臂皮瓣修复与游离股前外侧皮瓣修复对c N0期舌鳞状细胞癌术后舌缺损患者术后生存质量的影响。方法纳入52例c N0期舌鳞状细胞癌患者,手术方案均为改良肩胛舌骨上颈部淋巴结清扫术(MSOHND),舌部缺损分别采用游离桡侧前臂皮瓣修复(研究组)与游离股前外侧皮瓣修复(对照组)。术后12个月,进行生存质量问卷(UW-QOL)调查,对两组患者生存质量进行评估。另观察两组患者抑郁情况。结果 UW-QOL评分显示,研究组肩活动、吞咽、语言、肩功能以及总得分分别为(68.1±19.0)、(59.1±14.1)、(55.5±20.3)、(57.3±27.9)、(897.5±65.2)分,对照组肩活动、吞咽、语言、肩功能以及总得分分别为(84.4±18.6)、(78.2±19.8)、(80.1±20.4)、(89.4±16.0)、(754.2±101.3)分,上述指标研究组均优于对照组,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。观察组SAS、SDS、SES评分分别为(36.5±4.1)、(32.9±3.0)、(24.5±4.1)分,对照组SAS、SDS、SES评分分别为(42.0±4.2)、(39.6±4.1)、(18.4±3.1)分,研究组显著优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 c N0期舌鳞状细胞癌患者进行MSOHND及前臂皮瓣修复,能够有效改善患者术后生存质量,值得推广。     

足底内侧皮瓣与腓肠神经逆行筋膜皮瓣修复足跟部黑色素瘤切除后的皮肤缺损

目的研究采用足底内侧皮瓣和腓肠神经逆行筋膜皮瓣修复足跟部黑色素瘤切除后皮肤缺损的治疗效果。方法回顾性分析2008年9月至2018年12月间北京大学肿瘤医院收治的足跟恶性黑色素瘤的临床资料,在原发灶局部广泛切除后分别采用足底内侧皮瓣(A组)或腓肠神经逆行筋膜皮瓣(B组)进行修复。统计分析患者的生存情况,同时比较两种皮瓣在修复范围、坏死率、感觉恢复及溃疡率等方面的差异。结果共87例。A组25例,平均缺损长径为(6.1±1.4)cm,其中1例(4.0%)发生皮瓣坏死;B组62例,平均缺损长径为(7.5±2.4)cm,其中5例(8.1%)发生皮瓣坏死。A组的皮瓣感觉恢复要明显优于B组(P0.001);A组无皮瓣发生溃疡,B组16例(25.8%)发生溃疡,两组间差异有统计学意义(P=0.004)。总体中位无病生存时间为66.5个月(55.1～78.0个月);中位总生存时间为80.9个月(69.3～92.5个月)。AJCC分期是影响无病生存时间(P0.001)和总生存时间(P=0.006)的唯一因素。结论早中期足跟部恶性黑素瘤的预后较好,应尽量采用局部带蒂皮瓣进行修复。足底内侧皮瓣术后的外形美观,感觉恢复更好,发生远期溃疡的风险低,是首选的修复方法;腓肠神经逆行筋膜皮瓣则更适合于缺损范围较大或偏足跟外侧的病灶。     

口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤术后穿透性缺损的修复与重建中带皮神经的股前外侧皮瓣的运用效果分析

目的探讨口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤术后穿透性缺损的修复与重建中带皮神经的股前外侧皮瓣的运用效果。方法选取口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤患者40例,依据随机数表法分为观察组及对照组,两组患者各20例。对照组患者受区采用传统的股前外侧皮瓣术后修复,观察组患者受区采用带股外侧皮神经游离股前外侧皮瓣进行修复。对患者进行术后12个月的随访,比较两组患者口腔不良情况及患者对口腔修复功能的满意度等。结果观察组患者口腔不良情况发生率低于对照组(30.00%vs85.00%)(χ²=12.379,P<0.001);观察组患者术后优良率显著优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(85.00%vs40.00%)(χ²=8.640,P=0.003);观察组患者术后进食、语音、感觉及瘢痕满意度评分均高于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者术后供区并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论带皮神经的股前外侧皮瓣对患者具有较好的口腔皮肤修复及重建的效果,且具有较高的安全性。     

足底内侧皮瓣与腓肠神经逆行筋膜皮瓣修复足跟部黑色素瘤切除后的皮肤缺损

目的研究采用足底内侧皮瓣和腓肠神经逆行筋膜皮瓣修复足跟部黑色素瘤切除后皮肤缺损的治疗效果。方法回顾性分析2008年9月至2018年12月间北京大学肿瘤医院收治的足跟恶性黑色素瘤的临床资料,在原发灶局部广泛切除后分别采用足底内侧皮瓣(A组)或腓肠神经逆行筋膜皮瓣(B组)进行修复。统计分析患者的生存情况,同时比较两种皮瓣在修复范围、坏死率、感觉恢复及溃疡率等方面的差异。结果共87例。A组25例,平均缺损长径为(61±14)cm,其中1例(40％)发生皮瓣坏死;B组62例,平均缺损长径为(75±24)cm,其中5例(81％)发生皮瓣坏死。A组的皮瓣感觉恢复要明显优于B组(P<0001);A组无皮瓣发生溃疡,B组16例(258％)发生溃疡,两组间差异有统计学意义(P=0004)。总体中位无病生存时间为665个月(551～780个月);中位总生存时间为809个月(693～925个月)。AJCC分期是影响无病生存时间(P<0001)和总生存时间(P=0006)的唯一因素。结论早中期足跟部恶性黑素瘤的预后较好,应尽量采用局部带蒂皮瓣进行修复。足底内侧皮瓣术后的外形美观,感觉恢复更好,发生远期溃疡的风险低,是首选的修复方法;腓肠神经逆行筋膜皮瓣则更适合于缺损范围较大或偏足跟外侧的病灶。     

皮瓣修复结合光动力疗法治疗面部皮肤癌的临床效果分析

目的 探讨皮瓣修复术联合光动力疗法治疗面部皮肤癌患者的临床效果。方法 选取面部皮肤癌患者共70例,随机将患者分为观察组与对照组,每组各35例。对照组患者采用皮瓣修复术治疗,观察组患者在此基础上加入氨基酮戊酸光动力疗法。比较两组患者的临床有效率、容貌满意率及生活质量变化。结果 治疗后观察组临床有效率明显高于对照组(97.14%vs 82.86%),同时容貌满意率也明显高于对照组(94.29%vs 82.86%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前两组患者的生活质量比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后两组患者的生活质量评分均较治疗前明显提高,且观察组患者评分高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 皮瓣修复联合光动力疗法能够有效提高面部皮肤癌患者的临床疗效,同时能够提高患者的容貌满意度,改善其生活质量。     

薄型股前外侧皮瓣修复中晚期舌癌术后组织缺损的临床疗效

摘 要：［目的］ 探讨薄型股前外侧皮瓣修复中晚期舌癌术后组织缺损的临床疗效。［方法］ 对85例中晚期舌癌术后组织缺损欲进行修复患者作为研究对象,按照修复皮瓣不同将其分为观察组与对照组,观察组43例,采用薄型股前外侧皮瓣进行修复,对照组42例,采用前臂桡侧皮瓣进行修复。对两组患者皮瓣存活率、术后并发症发生情况、舌功能恢复情况以及患者生活质量恢复情况进行比较。［结果］ 观察组患者皮瓣存活率为90.70%（39/43）,对照组为78.57%（33/42）,两组比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。两组患者受区并发症发生率无显著差异（P>0.05）,而观察组患者供区并发症发生率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。两组患者在舌功能恢复情况方面比较差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。观察组患者术后生活质量恢复总有效率为83.72%,对照组为52.38%,观察组明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义,且改善率有明显差别（P<0.05）。［结论］ 薄型股前外侧皮瓣修复中晚期舌癌术后组织缺损具有良好的临床疗效及安全性,有利于患者生活质量恢复,值得临床推广应用。     

游离股前外侧皮瓣修复口腔癌术后缺损的初步观察

目的 探讨游离股前外侧皮瓣在口腔癌术后缺损修复中的应用效果.方法 回顾分析2004年12月至2007年8月完成的11例游离股前外侧皮瓣移植病例.分析皮瓣的设计、皮瓣成活情况、术后并发症及影响组织瓣成活的各种因素.结果 11例游离皮瓣中,面积8 cm×5 cm至12 cm×7 cm,平均10.2 cm×6.2 cm,除1例术后14 h出现血管危象,经抢救失败后,放弃皮瓣,其余10例皮瓣全部存活.结论 游离股前外侧皮瓣在口腔癌术后缺损的修复中具有较大灵活性,组织丰实,供区隐蔽,值得临床进一步应用.     

股前外侧皮瓣修复口底癌术后缺损

目的:评价股前外侧皮瓣在口底癌术后缺损修复中的应用价值.方法: 2005年3月至2007年6月,应用吻合血管的股前外侧皮瓣一期修复口底癌术后缺损10例.皮瓣大小为12cm×5cm至6cm×4cm.结果:10例皮瓣全部成活,外观满意.口腔功能基本恢复.随访2月到26个月,10例患者均健在.其中1例于术后6个月局部复发,再次行局部扩大切除及股前外侧皮瓣修复.结论: 吻合血管的股前外侧皮瓣血管蒂长,血管口径大,供瓣区隐蔽.是一种适合口底缺损修复的游离皮瓣.     

乳腺癌保乳术中胸外侧筋膜皮瓣在乳房缺损修复中的应用

目的 探讨胸外侧筋膜皮瓣在乳腺癌保乳术中修复乳房缺损的应用效果.方法 回顾分析行乳腺癌保乳术的73例乳腺癌患者的临床资料,根据乳房修复方法进行分组,其中对照组35例采用背阔肌肌皮瓣移植,观察组38例采用胸外侧筋膜皮瓣移植,观察2组患者术中出血量、手术时间、术后乳房重建效果、复发率及并发症发生情况,并对患者满意度进行调查评估.结果 所有患者均成功完成手术,且术后均无肿瘤复发.2组患者手术时间、术中出血量比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);2组患者术后乳房外观比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);患者对手术满意度评价,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);观察组术后并发症发生率低于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 在乳腺癌病灶切除术中,利用胸外侧筋膜皮瓣填充乳房缺损部位能够明显缩短手术时间,降低术后并发症的发生率.     

不同修复方法修复口腔颌面部肿瘤术后缺损的效果比较

目的探讨不同修复方法修复口腔颌面部肿瘤术后缺损的效果。方法选取口腔颌面部肿瘤根治术后缺损患者89例,根据最终选取的修复方案分为A组(n=49)和B组(n=40),A组给予股前外侧嵌合皮瓣修复,B组给予串联皮瓣修复。观察2组手术情况,采用华盛顿大学头颈肿瘤生活质量量表(UW-QOL)对患者术后生活质量进行评价,检测唾液中唾液酸(SA)及癌胚抗原(CEA)水平。结果 A组手术时间、胃管拔除时间和经口进食时间分别为(6.30±1.19)h、(19.77±2.81)d和(20.32±2.19)d,明显少于B组(P<0.05);但A组皮瓣制作时间为(1.20±0.28)h,明显多于B组(P<0.05)。A组术后6个月UW-QOL量表中外观、吞咽、咀嚼、言语、肩功能、情绪评分分别为(63.29±4.54)分、(54.93±5.03)分、(47.12±6.02)分、(64.49±4.33)分、(82.20±5.43)分和(75.50±7.20)分,明显高于B组(P<0.05)。A组和B组术后6个月UW-QOL量表中疼痛、活动、娱乐、味觉、唾液及焦虑评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>...     

Pectoralis Major Myocutaneous Flap Reconstruction for the Mandibular Defects in Advanced Oral Cavity Malignancies: A Retrospective Study of 30 Cases

To evaluate the utility of the pectoralis major myocutaneous (PMMC) flap for the reconstruction of the mandible in advanced oral cavity malignancies in the Indian population. It was a retrospective study contained 30 patients with advanced oral cancer from July 2012 to August 2016. The PMMC reconstruction was done in all the patients to repair the bony defects in segmental/hemi mandibulectomy. The patients were followed up for a mean period of 6 months in the postoperative period and the utility of the PMMC flaps were evaluated. The mean age of the patients was 45 years (range 30–63 years). The average Karnofsky performance status score was 70 and majority of the patients had history of chronic medical illness. Of the 30 PMMC flaps, partial necrosis of the skin was noticed 2 (06.66%) patients. Orocutaneous fistula was detected in 2 (06.66%) patient and 3 (10%) patients presented with wound dehiscent in the immediate postoperative period. 3 (10%) patients had recurrence of the disease. PMMC flap can be a reliable option for advanced oral malignancies, especially in patients with poor status with the coexisting chronic illness. Due to the presence of a definite vascular pedicle, ease of harvesting the flap, quick surgical procedure, and the minimal postoperative morbidities, it can be considered as a valid alternative to the free flap to repair the bony defect, especially in patients with low socioeconomic corridor like India.     

Comparison between free flap and pectoralis major pedicled flap for reconstruction in oral cavity cancer patients--a quality of life analysis

We aimed to compare the differences between free flap and pectoralis major myocutaneous flap (PMMF) for reconstruction in oral cavity cancer patients. Patients who received free flap or PMMF reconstruction after ablation surgeries were eligible for the current study. The patients' demographic data, medical history, and quality of life scores were collected and analyzed. A total of 491 patients' records were obtained. Among them, 100 patients completed a quality of life questionnaire. No significant differences could be found in age, morbidity, stage, and hospitalization between the free flap and PMMF groups. However, there were significant differences between both groups in gender, primary site, peri-operative blood loss, and operation duration. Patients reconstructed with free flap had better speech and shoulder functions as well as better mood status. Data from this study provide useful information for physicians and patients during their discussion of treatment modalities for oral cancers.     

Factors associated with restricted mouth opening and its relationship to health-related quality of life in patients attending a Maxillofacial Oncology clinic

Trismus can be a problematic consequence of treatment for oral and oropharyngeal cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between trismus, subjective function and health-related quality of life, in order to postulate a clinically relevant cut-off that might be useful as an indicator of patients who might benefit from intervention. One hundred consecutive patients attending the Maxillofacial Oncology clinic at the University Hospital Aintree were assessed during a period of four months. Mouth opening was recorded in millimetres. Subjective outcomes were evaluated using UW-QOL questionnaire for chewing, saliva, mood, anxiety and overall quality of life. The median age of patients was 63 (IQR 56–69) years. The median time since treatment was 16 (IQR 6–34) months. The median mouth opening (32 mm; range 6–53, IQR 24–40) was associated strongly with clinical T stage (Tis/T1–2 35 mm, T3–4 24 mm), radiotherapy (no 38 mm, yes 27 mm) and type of primary surgery (primary closure 38 mm, soft-tissue flaps 30 mm, composite flaps 24 mm). The amount of mouth opening and of the single question (about how much less mouth opening since treatment) was significantly associated with patients perception of chewing deficit, less than full diet and less than good overall quality of life. This study supports a 35 mm cut-off for trismus. There is merit including the two elements together (opening in mm and the single item question on mouth opening since treatment) as outcome parameters     

带蒂肌皮瓣在肢体软组织肉瘤术中皮肤缺损修复中的临床应用

目的：探讨带蒂肌皮瓣在肢体软组织肉瘤术中皮肤和肌肉创面缺损修复中的临床应用。方法回顾性分析32例肢体软组织肉瘤切除术中皮肤及肌肉创面缺损行带蒂肌皮瓣修复的临床资料、手术方式和预后。结果术后病理切缘阴性率100豫。术后获得随访26例,随访时间8（2~11）个月,Ⅱ、Ⅲ期肉瘤局部控制率为82豫、76豫,皮瓣修复成活率为95豫。结论规范化的肢体软组织肉瘤手术可降低肿瘤局部复发率,但常致术中皮肤及肌肉创面缺损无法直接缝合,而带蒂肌皮瓣是常用的重要创面缺损修复手段,成功的创面修复可明显提高患者术后的生活质量。     

腋周组织瓣即刻修复在行淋巴清扫乳腺癌患者中的应用

目的:探讨腋周组织瓣即刻修复对行淋巴清扫乳腺癌患者术后淋巴瘘发生风险、上肢功能及满意度的影响。方法:选取我院2016年3月至2017年3月收治行淋巴清扫乳腺癌患者共116例，随机分为对照组（58例）和观察组（58例），分别采用腋周组织瓣非即刻和即刻修复方案治疗；比较两组患者引流量、引流时间、患肢/健肢细胞内外液差值、淋巴瘘发生率、上肢功能障碍程度比例、腋窝外形McCarthy评分及腋窝舒适度Kolcaba评分。结果:观察组患者术后引流量、引流时间及患肢/健肢细胞内外液差值均显著少于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组患者术后淋巴瘘发生率显著低于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组患者上肢功能障碍程度比例显著低于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组患者腋窝外形McCarthy评分和舒适度Kolcaba评分均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论:腋周组织瓣即刻修复对行淋巴清扫乳腺癌患者可有效减少术后引流量和时间，预防淋巴瘘发生，改善上肢功能，并有助于提高外形满意度和舒适度。     

Long-term effect of a nurse-led psychosocial intervention on health-related quality of life in patients with head and neck cancer: a randomised controlled trial

Background:

Head and neck cancer (HNC) patients are prone to have a poor health-related quality of life after cancer treatment. This study investigated the effect of the nurse counselling and after intervention (NUCAI) on the health-related quality of life and depressive symptoms of HNC patients between 12 and 24 months after cancer treatment.

Methods:

Two hundred and five HNC patients were randomly allocated to NUCAI (N=103) or usual care (N=102). The 12-month nurse-led NUCAI is problem-focused and patient-driven and aims to help HNC patients manage with the physical, psychological and social consequences of their disease and its treatment. Health-related quality of life was evaluated with the EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ H&N35. Depressive symptoms were evaluated with the CES-D.

Results:

At 12 months the intervention group showed a significant (P<0.05) improvement in emotional and physical functioning, pain, swallowing, social contact, mouth opening and depressive symptoms. At 18 months, global quality of life, role and emotional functioning, pain, swallowing, mouth opening and depressive symptoms were significantly better in the intervention group than in the control group, and at 24 months emotional functioning and fatigue were significantly better in the intervention group.

Conclusion:

The NUCAI effectively improved several domains of health-related quality of life and depressive symptoms in HNC patients and would seem a promising intervention for implementation in daily clinical practice.