美国消防和应急服务高等教育计划

<正>美国消防管理局通过与具有两年制和四年制火灾和应急医疗服务管理学位的学院合作,建立了应急服务教育和培训高等教育网。其目标是成立大专院校推广高等教育,提高对消防及应急服务专业的认同,减少因火灾及其他危险而造成的生命和财产损失。目前,该计划提出了消防专业和应急医疗服务专业发展模型,明确了专业发展     

美国火灾事故报告系统活动周

美国消防局国家消防数据中心于2021年2月22日-26日举行全美火灾事故报告系统(National Fire Incident Reporting System,NFIRS)活动周。活动期间,连续举行5天网络研讨会,研讨会的主题分别是:(1)国家如何帮助收集和使用火灾事故数据。了解在应急场景下收集的火灾事故数据如何传递给州和国家数据管理者,以及如何处理数据并将信息提供给消防决策者。     

葡萄牙研制出新型森林火灾探测系统

据报道，葡萄牙最近研制出一种新型森林火灾探测系统，名为“F3”（Forest Fire Finder）。这种探测系统能够准确地探测到火灾，并在5min内向消防和其他相关应急部门传送准确的信息。它能够自行探测到15km以外的火情，     

中国石油突发事件应急体系及运行特征

分析了中国石油天然气集团公司（简称中国石油）大陆业务面临的安全环保突发事故风险,介绍了中国石油应急体系的应急组织、应急救援队伍、应急预案体系、应急物资保障、应急技术支持情况。阐述了中国石油在井控、管道应急抢维修、消防、海上（溢油）方面的应急队伍组织结构及突发事故发生后的应急体系运行机制。通过采取自主型突发事件应急体系,主要依靠自有力量完成事故应急工作。     

我国公安消防应急救援力量发展建设回顾

二、公安消防应急救援工作取得明显成效 （一）全国公安消防综合应急救援架构体系基本形成     

云计算架构下的消防应急数据处理方案研究

指出了目前消防应急数据管理中存在的问题;通过对云计算优势的分析,从技术层面对传统的数据存储和数据管理流程进行了重新设计;从如何快速对外提供数据服务的角度,对海量数据分布式存储和查询优化进行了设计,形成了一个高效的云计算消防应急数据管理体系。     

消防员体能测试

1美国 （1）美国消防局（Fire Departments,US）。国际消防员协会（The International Association of Fire Fighters,IAFF）提出,新招募的消防员必须进行候选者体能测试（Candidate Physical Ability Test,CPAT）,其目的在于帮助消防机构衡量候选消防员完成日常消防工作的体能状况。包括以下8项内容：负重登梯、水带铺设、装备搬运、架梯操作、破拆（门窗）操作、搜索、模拟救援和火钩操作。     

简讯六则

<正>1巴赫亲切慰问消防救援人员北京冬奥会期间，国际奥委会主席巴赫来到冬奥组委官员下榻的大家庭酒店看望慰问志愿者及服务保障工作人员，其中就有一名来自北京市消防救援总队的消防员。当巴赫主席走到消防员张擘宇身边时问道:“Which department are you from（你来自哪个部门）?”张擘宇自豪地回答：“Excellency Mr. Bach, I’m a firefighter,from Chaoyang District Fire and Rescue Brigade of Beijing（尊敬的巴赫先生，我是一名消防员，     

国际消防长官协会

<正>国际消防长官协会由8个部门组成,分别负责全美国和加拿大地区的相关工作。其成员为消防、应急医疗服务、恐怖主义事件应对、危险物质泄漏、自然灾害、搜救和公共安全政策等相应领域的专家。协会的宗旨是通过提供信息、教育、服务等,为国际社会应急服务机构相关人员、志愿者、消防救援及应急救援服务主管、消防长官、公司管理者提供服务,以提升其专业水平及能力。     

消防部队灭火与应急救援扁平化指挥的研究

为提高消防部队灭火与应急救援指挥效率,在概述灭火与应急救援扁平化指挥体系的基础上,分析了消防指挥中心的地位、作用以及依托消防指挥中心建立灭火与应急救援扁平化指挥的必要性,构建了消防指挥中心和战斗单元的扁平化二级指挥体系,并从各自的任务分工方面做了详细说明。     

浅析高速公路工程招投标中的最低评标价法

结合目前高速公路施工项目招投标活动的实际情况,阐述了最低评标价法的概念,归纳了其优点及存在问题,对完善最低评标价法提出几点策略,以期促进招标投标市场更加规范有序。     

Place-Making in Megaprojects in Melbourne

This article analyses state-led place-making practices in Melbourne. The two levels of government that influence planning in Melbourne make much of the city as ‘culturally vibrant’ and ‘creative’, and have incorporated creative city-inspired place-making principles into many layers of the planning system. An examination of the development of two mixed-use megaprojects in central Melbourne reveals however that ideals of culturally engaging public places, and indeed of creative landscapes for middle-class consumption, wither in the face of more basic imperatives for economic development. In these case studies the ‘creative city’, no matter how the idea is interpreted, has little traction either as a set of inclusive place-making principles or as a gentrification strategy. The article concludes that the creative city-inspired place-making objectives in the planning system at both state and local levels are ambiguous in their overall intents and completely unsupported by statutory controls. Such place-making objectives as are realised are the compromised results of the interplay of uncoordinated decisions, delivered at the pleasure of the developer.     

Pathogens in septage in Vietnam

Septage is widely acknowledged as a major source of infectious pathogens while disposal of septage, and the operation and maintenance of septic tanks, is not regulated in many developing countries. Twenty untreated septage and septage sludge samples were taken from Can Tho City, Vietnam to examine their pathogen content, and indicator micro-organisms. Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp. were detected in all samples, regardless of sludge storage time. Phages were detected in 80% of samples. Salmonella spp. were detected in 70% of the untreated septage and 60% of septage sludge samples. Concentrations of phages and bacteria tested in septage sludge after many years of tank storage were much higher than the expected levels. Helminth ova were present in 95% of untreated septage samples with an average of 450 ova l^− 1, and were detected in all septage sludge samples with an average of 16,000 ova l^− 1. Twelve varieties of helminth ova were identified. More helminth ova varieties in higher concentrations were found in septage than those reported from stool samples. The varieties' frequency ranged from 10% to 50% and Ascaris lumbricoides predominated. Results show that pathogens and indicator micro-organisms, especially helminth ova, accumulate in sludge. Thus helminth ova should be considered when septage sludge is treated and used for agriculture. Proper health protection measures must be applied for people handling septage.     

新时期广东城市化的新特点

新时期广东城市化出现以下特点:知识源导向、城市由单体向群体化发展、产业集群推动、政府主导自上而下的集约化发展、城镇化向城市化转变、由重“数量”发展向重“质量”发展的转变。     

在市场中实践在实践中学习在学习中进步--工程公司市场化进程的回顾与展望

近两年来，工程公司在提高市场竞争意识、推动市场化进程中做了大量工作，其中坚持走出去的方针是我们自我加压、推行加快市场化步伐的一个重要战略步骤。     

新形势下高校强化基建财务管理的探讨

在市场条件下高校基建财务人员在加强日常财务管理的同时,必须树立起高度的工作责任心,抓好事前监督、事中监督、事后监督三个环节,全面理解、贯彻执行《高等学校财务制度》,管好用好各项基本建设资金,提高基建财务管理水平,更好地完成高校各项基建任务,以有限的投资,最快的建设速度,获得最大的投资效益。     

浅谈我国工程项目建设成本控制存在的问题

结合目前我国施工企业工程项目成本管理现状,对工程项目成本管理过程中存在的问题进行了较详细的分析,并提出了一些解决问题的办法,以做好项目成本控制工作,进而增强企业经济实力。     

Experiences in radon-safe building in Finland

A study was made of radon-safe buildings in 300 Finnish low-rise residential buildings using data obtained from a questionnaire study. The study also aims at finding the main defects in design and implementation and how the guidance given on radon-safe buildings in slab-on-grade houses has been followed. According to the guidelines, the prevention of the flow of radon-bearing air from the soil into the house is recommended to be carried out through installation of aluminised bitumen felt and use of elastic sealants. Second, as a precaution perforated piping should be installed in the subsoil of the floor slab. The median indoor radon concentration in the houses was 155 Bq/m3. This is 32% lower than the median of the estimated reference values. The action level of 200 Bq/m3 was still exceeded in 40% of the houses. In most houses with slab-on-grade the prevention was based only on the installation of a sub-slab depressurisation system. Sealing was performed in a low number of houses. In 80% of houses with a sub-slab piping connected to an operating fan, radon concentration was below the action level of 200 Bq/m3. In houses with piping but no fan, the corresponding fraction was only 45%. Sub-slab piping without a fan had no remarkable effect on radon concentration. In houses with crawl-space and edge-thickened slabs, radon concentrations were low. The choice of foundation system thus significantly affects the indoor radon concentration. The importance of complete and careful sealing work should be stressed in advice and guides concerning radon prevention.     

2008年日本火灾情况

<正>1火灾总数在2008年(1～12月),日本发生的火灾总数为52 394起,与2007年相比减少了2 188起(4.0%)。这相当于平均1天大约发生143起火灾,每10min发生一起火灾。火灾类别(见表1)。     

Variation in property taxation in Tulsa

Conclusions It may be reasonably concluded from this study that the range of variation in these ratios of assessed to actual value are of a reasonable size for the great majority of cases. The frequency distribution of these sample ratios was not normal, however, as was assumed a process of this type would produce. On the other hand, the failure of the regression analysis to identify any significant variables which would explain these variations would tend to re-enforce the assumption that the fluctuations were indeed of a random nature.To sum it up in one paragraph, aside from a few extreme cases, the assessing process appears to give estimates which are more consistent than would be expected under the assumption that any errors would be of a random nature, but the regression analysis was unable to isolate any particular socioeconomic characteristics which would explain the variation which was present.Financial support for this research project was furnished by the University of Tulsa.