硒酵母利亚硒酸钠对克山病病区粮喂养大鼠血小板血栓素的影响

应用克山病病区低硒粮饲料喂养大鼠１４周，探讨补硒（亚硒酸钠或硒酵母）对血小板血栓素生成的影响。结果表明，补充两种硒制剂均可明显增高低硒大鼠血浆硒水平和血小板ＧＳＨ─Ｐｘ活性，降低ＡＤＰ诱导的血小板ＴＸＡ２形成和血浆ＴＸＡ２水平，两种硒制剂的作用程度相似；补硒对血浆前列环素水平无显著影响。     

柯萨奇病毒B4''致低硒鼠心肌损伤的实验研究

目的 探讨柯萨奇病毒B4‘致低硒鼠心肌损伤的特点。方法 用补硒和低硒饲料分别喂养昆明鼠4周后交配，给其子代雄性鼠（出生后4周）腹腔接种柯萨奇病毒B4‘0.1ml,对照组接种等量RPMI1640培养液。观察各组鼠的心肌光镜结果，全血中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-PX）活性和肝脏组织中脂质过氧化物酶（LPO）含量。结果 低硒和补硒饲料病毒组的心肌病变检出率分别为78.1%和16.7%，低硒和补硒饲料对照组的心肌未见病变。低硒组全血中GSH-PX活性明显降低，LPO含量明显增高。结论 低硒可以使柯萨奇病毒B4‘致昆明鼠心肌损伤加重。     

硒对克山病病区粮喂养大鼠血小板聚集性和5—HT释放反应的…

用克山病病区低硒粮饲料喂养大鼠１４周，探讨补硒（亚硒酸钠或硒酵母）对血小板聚集性和５－ＨＴ释放反应的影响，结果表明，补充两种硒制剂均能增加低硒大鼠血浆硒水平和血小板ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活性，降低ＡＤＰ诱导的血小板聚集性和５－ＨＴ释放反应，两者的影响程度相似，补硒对血小板５－ＨＴ含量无显著影响。     

多不饱和脂肪酸对饲低硒粮大鼠血浆游离脂肪酸的影响

以低硒及补硒粮饲料饲养大鼠４周后，给予豆油和鱼油（５０ｇ／ｋｇ）继续饲养４周，用ＨＰＬＣ法测定其血浆游离脂肪酸含量和组成。结果表明，单纯补豆油后血浆Ｃ１８：２、Ｃ１８：３及游离多不饱和脂肪酸含量明显增高，加油后同时伴有ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活性明显降低。饲料中补硒（０．１μｇ／ｇ）对上述变化具有不同程度地纠正作用。结果提示，在膳食硒不足的情况下，增加多不饱和脂肪酸饮食，机体抗氧化能力降低，同时ＦＦＡ含量和组     

补硒对低硒克山病病区居民血浆甲状腺激素水平的影响

给低硒克山病病区居民每日口服２００μｇ亚硒酸钠１２周，测定红细胞硒含量，谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ）活性的血浆Ｔ３、Ｔ４及ｒＴ３水平，探讨硒对甲状腺激光水平的影响。结果表明：补硒显提高红细胞硒含量和ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活性；补硒组血浆Ｔ３明显升高，ｒＴ２明显降低，而Ｔ４无明显改变。红细胞硒含量与血浆Ｔ３呈明显正相关（ｒ＝０．５４７，ｎ＝３８，Ｐ〈０．００１）和血浆ｒＴ３呈显负相关（ｒ＝－０．４２     

低硒与Coxsackie B3m病毒感染对BALB／c小鼠肝脏脂质过氧化物？…

用国产低硒食用酵母合成低硒饲料（硒０．０１３ｍｇ／ｋｇ，ＶＥ含量为２０ｍ／１００ｇ）喂养断奶后ＢＡＬＢ／Ｃ雄性小鼠，５周后腹腔接种嗜鼠心肌病毒ＣＶＢ３ｍ１０＾３ＴＣＤ５００．１ｍｌ７天后处死建立低硒状态下病毒性心肌炎模型，测定肝脏组织中脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）含量及全血中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ）活性。结果表明低硒感染ＣＶＢ３ｍ小鼠肝组织中ＬＰＯ含量明显高于常硒病毒感染组及常硒对照组（Ｐ〈０     

硒酵母和亚硒酸钠对克山病病区粮喂养大鼠血小板血栓素的影响

应用克山病病区低硒粮饲料喂养大鼠１４周，探讨补硒对血小板血栓素生成的影响。结果表明，补充两种硒制剂均可明显增高低硒大鼠血浆硒水平和血小板ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活性，降低ＡＤＰ诱导的血小板ＴＸＡ２水平，两种硒制剂的作用程度相似；补硒对血浆前列环素水平无显著影响。     

低硒与T—2毒素对大鼠脂质过氧化物代谢的影响

研究低硒与Ｔ－２毒素对脂质过氧化物代谢的复合作用。实验采用析因设计。对象为断奶ＳＤ大鼠，随机分为４组：Ⅰ．低硒组；Ⅱ．低硒＋Ｔ－２毒素组；Ⅲ．补硒组；Ⅳ补硒＋Ｔ－２毒素组。各组动物均饲以硒含量为０．００９±０．００１μｇ／ｇ的低硒饲料，Ⅲ、Ⅳ两组饲料中加入０．２μｇ／ｇ的亚硒酸钠，Ⅱ、Ⅳ两组动物经口灌服Ｔ－２毒素，剂量为０．２６６６ｍｇ／ｋｇ·ｄ。进入实验３０天后活杀，测定全血谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ）活力、血清及肝脏丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量。结果显示低硒与Ｔ－２毒素均对大鼠全血ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活力、肝脏ＭＤＡ含量有显著影响（Ｐ＜０．０５），但两者之间交互作用不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）；对血清ＭＤＡ含量无明显作用（Ｐ＞０．０５）。     

补硒对克山病病区居民血小板聚集性和βTG释放反应的影响

探讨补硒对克山病病区居民血小板聚集和释放反应的影响，应用比浊法和ＥＬＩＳＡ地比测定病区补硒（２００μｇＳｅ／ｄ，亚硒酸钠，１２周）和未补硒居民血小板聚集率和β－血小板球蛋白（βＴＧ），用２，３＝二氨基萘荧光法和谷胱甘学原酶偶联法测定硒信号是和ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活性。结果表明：（１）补硒组红细胞硒含量和（Ｐ〈０．０５或０．０５）：（３）补硒组血浆ミＴＧ水平以及血以βＴＧ含量和释放率与对照组无显著差异（Ｐ〉     

柯萨奇B3m病毒致低硒BALB/C成年鼠心肌损伤特点实验研究

应用低硒和补硒合成饲料喂养５周龄ＢＡＬＢ／Ｃ雄性小鼠５周后，经腹腔接种柯萨奇Ｂ３ｍ病毒（ＣＶＢ３ｍ）１０＾３ＴＣＩＯＤ５００．１ｍｌ对照组腹腔注射ＰＲＭ１６４０，光镜下低硒病毒组（１组），补硒病毒组（２组）病变检出率分别为７５％和３５％，经Ｘ＾２检验１组显高于２组（Ｐ〈０．０５）。且病变部位不同，低硒病毒１组病变主要位于左心室中层，大体标本未见心肌外膜白斑。２组见于心外膜及心外膜下心肌，大体标本     

不同剂量硒对大鼠四种组织器官硒蓄积浓度的影响

目的观察不同剂量硒喂饲SD大鼠后,对其肝、肾、血、睾丸中硒蓄积浓度的影响。方法将40只4周龄雄性断乳大鼠,以缺硒饲料（BD）喂饲35 d后,按体重随机分为4组,每组10只。1组继续BD饲养,其它3组的饲料在BD基础上分别加含0.25、3.0、5.0 ppm亚硒酸钠形式的硒。经过28 d硒蓄积性毒性试验,处死采样,测定肝、肾、血细胞（全血离心沉淀）和睾丸中硒元素蓄积浓度。结果适量硒摄入的大鼠肾与睾丸的硒浓度最高。高硒暴露时,组织硒浓度依次为：肾〉肝〉血细胞〉睾丸。高浓度硒对4种组织硒浓度变化的影响依次是：血细胞〉肝〉肾〉睾丸。结论肝与血细胞硒蓄积浓度的变动幅度大,提示它们对维持其它组织硒含量的相对稳定具有重要作用;而睾丸硒蓄积量的稳定性印证了该元素对雄性生殖功能的重要性.     

Effects of dietary selenium and vitamin E on plasma lipoprotein cholesterol levels in male rats

Male Fischer-344 rats fed a diet deficient in both vitamin E and selenium (Se) for 20 weeks had higher levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol than age-matched rats fed an identical diet but supplemented with these micronutrients. The rats supplemented with both vitamin E and Se were switched to a diet deficient in both these micronutrients at week 20. These rats eventually developed elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol compared to age-matched rats either continuously maintained on the diet supplemented with vitamin E and Se or rats switched (at week 20) from the vitamin E-and Se-deficient diet to a diet supplemented with both these micronutrients. In a second experiment, we found that Se deficiency alone was sufficient to significantly elevate low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The basal diet used in these experiments had a very low cholesterol content and the observed alterations in lipoprotein cholesterol levels are likely to reflect alterations in the metabolism of endogenously synthesized cholesterol.     

硒碘缺乏对大鼠空间学习记忆能力的影响

目的探讨硒、碘缺乏对连续繁殖的三代生长发育期的SD大鼠空间学习记忆能力的影响。方法实验分为对照组、低硒组、低碘组、低硒低碘组,通过测定大鼠在Morris水迷宫中的各种参数来反映其空间学习记忆能力。结果仔一代和仔二代大鼠在定位航行实验和空间探索实验各参数差异均无统计学意义,仔三代大鼠在定位航行实验中,低硒低碘组雌鼠9个时段的平均潜伏期比对照组明显延长。在空间探索实验中,雌鼠在各象限停留时间各组之间差异无统计学意义,但对照组在目标象限停留时间较其他3个组长,在远离目标象限停留时间短。低硒低碘组雌鼠穿过原平台所在位置的次数较对照组明显减少。结论硒、碘缺乏对仔一代和仔二代生长发育期大鼠的空间学习记忆能力没有明显影响;单纯的膳食性低硒、低碘对仔三代大鼠空间学习记忆能力没有明显影响,但硒、碘水平同时降低却可以明显降低空间学习记忆能力,而且硒、碘水平同时降低对雌性大鼠学习记忆的影响更为显著。     

低Se低VE诱导肝细胞凋亡及相关基因所起的作用

目的 研究低硒（Ｓｅ）低维生素Ｅ（ＶＥ）能否诱导大鼠肝细胞凋亡及相关基因ｐ５３、ｂｃｌ－２和ｃ－ｍｙｃ所起的作用。方法 以天然的和人工半合成的低Ｓｅ低ＶＥ饲料喂养大鼠１７周,采用末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶介导的缺口末端标记（ＴＵＮＥＬ）检测肝细胞凋亡,采用免疫组化法检测肝细胞ｐ５３、ｂｃｌ－２和ｃ－ｍｙｃ蛋白。结果 与补Ｓｅ和ＶＥ组大鼠相比,低Ｓｅ低ＶＥ组大鼠肝细胞凋亡显著增加;ｐ５３和ｃ－ｍｙｃ蛋白增     

低硒低维生素E诱导肝细胞凋亡及cAMP和细胞内Ca2+的作用

目的 研究低硒（Ｓｅ）低维生素Ｅ（ＶＥ）能否诱导大鼠肝细胞凋亡及ｃＡＭＰ和细胞内Ｃａ＾２＋所起的作用。方法 以天然的和人工半合成的低Ｓｅ低ＶＥ饲料喂养大鼠１７周,采用流式细胞术检测肝细胞凋亡,采用放免法检测ｃＡＭＰ含量,Ｆｕｒａ－２负载荧光分光光度法测定细胞内Ｃａ＾２＋含量。结果 与补Ｓｅ和ＶＥ组大鼠相比,低Ｓｅ低ＶＥ组大鼠肝细胞凋亡显著增加;ｃＡＭＰ含量明显升高;细胞内Ｃａ＾２＋含量明显升高。结     

A quantitative microscopic analysis of the myocardial interstitial tissue space and myocardial fiber diameter in rats with vitamin E and selenium deficiency

Vitamin E (E) and selenium (Se) are important antioxidant nutrients, preventing membrane damage by lipid hydroperoxides. In a previous study on E + Se deficient rats it was shown that plasma levels of lipoproteins increase dramatically. In continuation of this study a quantitative microscopic study was undertaken to determine the behavior of myocardial interstitial tissue space (ITS) in E + Se deficient rats as compared to control rats. Four rats fed on normal laboratory chow and 8 rats fed on basal diet supplemented with adequate E + Se served as control. Eight rats were fed on E + Se deficient diet. The animals were sacrificed after 13 to 20 weeks. Qualitative microscopic study showed patchy areas of hemorrhage, edema, infiltration of macrophages and myocardial damage consisting of pyknosis and coagulation necrosis in the deficient rats. Quantitative microscopic study of the apparently normal areas of myocardium of deficient rats showed a shrinkage of ITS (21.0 +/- 1.29% vs 16.51 +/- 4.62%, alpha = 0.01), whereas the ITS of normal laboratory chow and E + Se supplemented groups were similar. The myocardial fiber diameter was unchanged. Using Starling's hypothesis regarding fluid movement across capillary walls, several mechanisms could be advanced to explain this apparently paradoxical phenomenon. We contend that the interstitial fluid of normal areas of the myocardium is either absorbed by the adjacent damaged areas, or before extravasation of the intravascular proteins and swelling of ITS, the interstitial fluid is first absorbed by the intravascular compartment, due to capillary membrane damage.     

硒,锰对大白鼠全血中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性影响的动态观察

用人工合成饲料控制硒、锰含量。分为四组:A 组常硒常锰,B 组低硒常锰,C 组常硒高锰,D 组低硒高锰,喂养 Wister 雄性大鼠8周,从中观察鼠全血中 GSH—Px 活性的动态:在喂合成饲料前,各组全血中 GSH—Px 活性无显著差异。经喂饲1周后直到第8周,四组间酶活性在各周均有显著差异。常硒两组(A、C)酶活性均高于低硒两组(B、D),有非常显著差异。常硒两组(A、C)GSH—Px 活性在前两周是随着大鼠的生长而逐渐升高,而低硒两组(B、D)GSH—Px 活性在前两周是随着大鼠的生长而进行性降低。结果表明:全血中 GSH—Px 活性变化主要和硒含量相关。但通过析因方差分析显示:在实验的前两周,GSH—Px 活性除硒因素的影响外还受锰因素或硒、锰交互作用的影响。     

辛基酚对子代雄性大鼠性腺和血清中性激素的影响

目的观察辛基酚（octylphenol,OP）对子代雄性大鼠性腺及血清性激素的影响。方法母体连续灌胃染毒OP至哺乳结束,测定子代雄性大鼠性腺重量及血清性激素水平。结果OP可导致子代大鼠睾丸重量下降（F=2.796,P〈0.05）,附睾重量下降（F=8.831,P〈0.01）;血清睾酮（T）、促黄体生成素（FSH）、滤泡刺激素（LH）水平同溶剂对照组相比较明显降低（F分别为5.426,7.031和6.385,P〈0.01）。结论OP对子代雄性大鼠性腺具有明显的损伤,且使其分泌T,FSH,LH的能力明显下降。     

Effects of a selenium deficient diet on thyroid function of normal and perchlorate treated rats

Pregnant rats were submitted to a selenium-deficient diet immediately after mating; it was continued for 4 weeks after delivery. The pups were sacrificed at 3 and 4 weeks of age. Perchlorate, an antithyroid agent inhibiting iodide trapping in the thyroid, was administered via the drinking water to half of the rats. Rats submitted to a normal laboratory diet and to the experimental diet supplemented with selenium were used as controls. The effects of selenium deficiency were an increase in the number of growth abnormalities, growth retardation, and decreased seleno-dependent glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in plasma and in various organs. These effects were relieved by selenium supplementation in the diet. Perchlorate treatment induced the classic picture of primary hypothyroidism. Selenium deficiency increased thyroid hormone levels in perchlorate-treated rats and in controls drinking tap water. In the latter group, it also decreased TSH plasma concentration and thyroid weight. These effects were partially reversed by Se supplementation. In vitro experiments, performed on adult rats, revealed increased radioiodide uptake and organification in glands from the rats submitted to the selenium-free diet. Plasma T3 half-life was similar in control and Se-deficient rats. These data suggest a higher efficiency of thyroid hormone synthesis in the thyroids of selenium-deficient rats, despite a lower thyroid stimulation as evaluated by serum TSH. They are compatible with the hypothesis that decreased selenium supply, leading to a decreased GSH-Px in the thyroid, increases hydrogen peroxide steady state level and thus thyroid peroxidase activity and thyroid hormone synthesis.