水解酸化-好氧生物工艺处理制浆造纸综合废水

介绍了一种以水解酸化-好氧生物工艺为核心的处理能力2万m3/d制浆造纸综合废水的工艺,对处理系统的启动和调试过程进行了总结,重点分析了污泥的培养和驯化、污泥负荷、调试中混凝剂的选择及浓度等因素对系统运行的影响.经过一个多月的调试,系统达到稳定,出水CODCr小于400 mg/L,SS小于80 mg/L,去除率均大于80%,达到了《造纸工业水污染物排放标准》(GB 3544-2001),表明该工艺设计合理、运行稳定可靠,具有处理效率高、投资省和运行费用少的特点.     

Carrousel氧化沟工艺处理草制浆中段废水

采用Carrousel氧化沟工艺对草制浆造纸中段废水进行处理.设计规模为3000m3/d,运行结果显示,该工艺处理效果好,运行稳定.耐冲击负荷能力强,其对CODCr、NH3、SS的去除率分别达到95.6%、93.2%和93.8%.但在实际运行过程中,应注意纤维回收及二沉池设备的选型问题.     

超声强化铁炭微电解处理制浆造纸废水

考察了超声波、微电解以及其联合作用对制浆造纸废水的处理效果,试验结果表明:微电解法单独处理速率较慢,在pH为4,铁炭质量比为10的条件下,反应120min,CODCr的最大去除率仅为60.6%;在相同的处理条件下,超声强化微电解作用对处理制浆造纸废水有明显的协同效应,反应10min,CODCr的去除率达90%以上,色度的去除率达97.3%,提高了去除率,缩短了处理时间。     

生物接触氧化处理大治河原水的试运行介绍

就上海市惠南水厂生物预处理工程的处理效果及对后序常规处理的影响进行了生产性试运行研究。运行结果表明 ,经生物接触氧化工艺 ,NH3 -N ,色度 ,CODMn,浊度 ,铁 ,锰分别去除78 7% ,2 4 13% ,12 36% ,64 4 3% ,4 8 64% ,69 3% ,对原水水质有明显的改善 ,可以较大地提高出厂水水质 ,并降低运行成本。     

太原精神病院污水处理系统改建为中水处理系统的工程设计

太原精神病医院将现有生活污水处理系统改建为中水回用系统,平均日处理水量100 m3.工程设计充分考虑了对原有设施的利用,生物处理单元采用生物接触氧化法.为减少污水提升次数,调节池设在生物处理单元之后.通过延长水力停留时间缓解水量、水质波动对沉淀、生物处理单元的不利影响,投入运行后效果良好.     

O_3-BAC工艺处理太湖原水的技术研究和生产实践

以苏州相城水厂臭氧—生物活性炭(O3—BAC)工艺的应用情况为基础,分析和探讨该工艺实际应用效果和运行管理要求。结果表明:在常规工艺基础上,有机物去除率可提高20%～40%,氯消毒副产物降低近40%,出厂水水质稳定;O3—BAC工艺能有效应对藻类暴发和原水水质短暂突变等事件;水温对生物活性炭的处理效果影响较大,夏季较冬季理想;运行管理中应重点关注和解决活性炭寿命、溴酸盐、水质生物安全性及冬季高氨氮的处理等问题;针对太湖原水而言,O3—BAC工艺具有一定技术优势。     

某印染废水处理改造工程介绍

针对印染废水脱色难的特点,通过预处理对印染废水脱色并提高废水可生化性,实现染料大分子链断裂转化为小分子,采用厌氧—兼氧—好氧处理工艺,取得了良好的处理效果.介绍了废水处理改造工程系统的组成、各处理单元的设计参数及运行操作方式,运行调试结果显示,采用脱色剂预处理后联用生物处理技术能实现印染废水的高效处理.     

变速厌氧生物滤池处理城市污水试验研究

本研究对变速厌氧生物滤池处理污水工艺进行了系统的研究;分析了滤池的挂膜特性和处理效果,以及影响反应器运行性能的多种因素,为中试和生产性试验提供了设计参数和运行经验.变速厌氧生物滤池除具有普通厌氧滤池的特点外,因为上向流为变速流,滤速在出流方向逐步减小,     

麦草制浆中段废水处理工程实例

采用纤维回收-沉淀-Carrousel氧化沟工艺对麦草制浆造纸中段废水进行处理,工程设计规模为3万 m3/d,运行结果表明,该工艺处理效果好,运行稳定,耐冲击负荷能力强,CODCr、NH3-N、SS的去除率分别达到88.3%、95.4%和96.9%,出水水质优于设计值.同时提出,在运行过程中,应考虑进水中的泥砂含量,纤维回收的形式,沉淀池排泥设备的选择,污泥池的调蓄能力设计和污泥脱水机的选择备用.     

山西某焦化废水AAO—AO处理工艺的低成本改造研究

山西某焦化公司废水处理采用AAO—AO生物脱氮工艺。生物脱氮系统出水氨氮达标率仅为47.5%,需进行末端处理,操作繁琐,运行成本增加。通过分析得出造成该现状的主要原因是一级系统基本不去除氨氮,导致二级系统氨氮负荷过高。此外,二级反硝化碳源不足造成的亚硝酸盐积累和工艺的抗风险能力差也是影响氨氮稳定达标的不利因素。在充分利用原有构筑物和设备的前提下,通过新增和改造管道的措施改变工艺流程,使生物脱氮系统出水氨氮稳定达标,工艺抗风险能力增强。整个改造过程中废水处理工艺正常运行。改造总费用3.4万元,改造完成后吨水处理费用降低1.63元,每月运行成本降低3.76万元。     

固定化生物流化床处理尿素厂废水的中试研究

采用O/A/O/A(好氧/缺氧/好氧/缺氧)工艺的固定化生物流化床处理技术,对尿素厂的氨氮废水(NH3-N50~500mg/L)进行了现场中试试验研究。试验结果表明该技术处理尿素厂废水效率高,效果好,费用低;当水力停留时间平均为21h时,出水TN平均浓度为26.63mg/L,去除率为90%,出水NH3-N平均浓度为6.51mg/L,去除率可达96%。     

UNITANK系统生物——化学联合除磷工艺中试研究

以诸暨市水样进行的中试研究表明,采用生物—化学联合除磷工艺对UNITANK系统进行常规改进得不偿失。但可以考虑采用生物—化学联合除磷工艺作为UNITANK系统应对TP冲击负荷的应急处理工艺。     

Enhanced biological wastewater treatment using sodium alginate-immobilized microorganisms in a fluidized bed reactor

In this study, a microbial consortium isolated from an activated sludge tank of a conventional wastewater treatment plant was immobilized using sodium alginate (SA) as a support material for contaminant biodegradation in wastewater. A volume of 500 mL of activated sludge was immobilized in the SA beads (with a mass concentration of 25 g/L). The resulting SA beads were characterized, introduced into a fluidized bed reactor, fed with 1000 mL of the sample, and characterized again after the treatment process. The SA-immobilized microorganisms were tested first for degradation of organic matter (expressed as chemical oxygen demand) and total phosphorous in domestic wastewater, achieving removal efficiencies of 71% and 93%, respectively, after 12 h. Subsequently, the SA-immobilized microorganisms were tested for degradation of a basic blue 9 (BB9) textile dye in a condition that simulated textile wastewater. The efficiency of the BB9 degradation was found to be as high as 99.5% after 2 h. According to these results, SA-immobilized microorganisms were found to be an environmentally friendly and cost-effective alternative for treatment of municipal and industrial wastewater effluents.     

曝气生物滤池(BAF)用于建筑中水处理试验研究

曝气生物滤池是一种介于生物接触氧化法与生物流化床之间的生物膜污水处理工艺,其紧凑性、能耗及运行维护亦介于两者之间,非常适合用于建筑中水处理。为检验曝气生物滤池处理建筑中水的性能,分别采用人工配水和洗浴废水进行了试验测定和实际验证。验证试验表明,经曝气生物滤池处理后的洗浴废水几乎不需任何后续处理(混凝、沉淀、过滤)便可满足中水回用标准要求。     

Fluidised pellet bed bioreactor: a promising technology for onsite wastewater treatment and reuse.

A pilot-scale fluidised pellet bed (FPB) bioreactor, which combines chemical coagulation, biological degradation, particle pelletisation and separation in one unit, was applied for onsite wastewater treatment and reuse. As a result of rational use of inorganic coagulant and organic polymer and moderate mechanical agitation, spherical particles were generated in the upflow column and a well-fluidised bed was formed. With a continuous supply of dissolved oxygen through a recycling loop, an aerobic condition was kept in the bottom section of the FPB column. Under such conditions the pellets in the FPB column showed the following characteristics: (1) compact structure and high density; (2) rich in microorganisms; and (3) high MLSS and MLVSS concentrations. Therefore, the FPB bioreactor achieved more than 90% removal of SS, COD, BOD and TP from raw domestic wastewater within a total hydraulic retention time (HRT) of only about 30 minutes. It also showed nitrification and denitrification ability and the TN removal could be about 50% as the recycling ratio was increased to 1:1. The treated water quality is generally competitive with the secondary effluent from a conventional activated sludge process. With these advantages the FPB bioreactor is recommendable as a compact system for onsite wastewater treatment and reuse.     

Biological sludge solubilisation for reduction of excess sludge production in wastewater treatment process.

A novel sludge disintegration system (JFE-SD system) was developed for the reduction of excess sludge production in wastewater treatment plants. Chemical and biological treatments were applied to disintegrate excess sludge. At the first step, to enhance biological disintegration, the sludge was pretreated with alkali. At the second step, the sludge was disintegrated by biological treatment. Many kinds of sludge degrading microorganisms integrated the sludge. The efficiency of the new sludge disintegration system was confirmed in a full-scale experiment. The JFE-SD system reduced excess sludge production by approximately 50% during the experimental period. The quality of effluent was kept at quite a good level. Economic analysis revealed that this system could significantly decrease the excess sludge treatment cost.     

飞机退漆、洗机废水处理试验研究

飞机的退漆、洗机废水,因其成分复杂,浓度高而处理难度大。经半年静态和动态的废水处理试验研究,确定了混凝气浮+生物处理为核心的处理工艺。解决了飞机退漆、洗机废水处理的技术难题。     

Development of a new process for treatment of a pharmaceutical wastewater

In this study a process for biological treatment of toxic wastewater from a pharmaceutical company was developed. By simulations on a laboratory scale, the contribution of organic material and toxicity in wastewater from different sources was determined and the degradability of specific compounds were studied. The information obtained from these tests was used to improve the treatability of the wastewater at the sources. As an example a persistent organic phosphorous compound could be degraded after pre-treatment with chemical hydrolysis. By further simulations on a laboratory scale it was possible to screen through a large number of process configurations to determine the best working biological treatment A combination of fungal and bacterial treatment was found to remove toxicity from the wastewater more than a conventional bacterial treatment. The results from the laboratory studies were confirmed in pilot tests. A full scale treatment plant, which design is based on the results from these studies are presently under construction.     

Water quality management in the Ruhr area

The Ruhr River is the major source of water supply for the North Rhine-Westphalian industrial district. To ensure drinking water supply from the river a system of reservoirs has been constructed for low flow augmentation. Five additional river impoundments have been built for the abatement of nonpoint pollution. The Ruhr River Association was established in 1913. Its first task was the reduction of coarse pollution by mechanical treatment plants. Activated sludge plants were introduced as early as 1926. Developments continued and presently tertiary treatment is performed by polishing lagoons on one-third of the Ruhrverband plants and a programme of storage and subsequent biological treatment of stormwater is underway. One important future task is nutrient removal from municipal wastewater by chemical precipitation and biological processes. Phosphorous concentrations in river water have to be diminished to fight eutrophication while nitrogen must be reduced because of drinking water considerations. Heavy metals have to be further controlled and organically attached halogens have to be diminished.     

Production integrated treatment of textile wastewater by closing raw material cycles.

A method for the in-house treatment of partial wastewater flows and the recycling of treated process water into the textile finishing process was developed in order to recycle effluents from textile finishing industry and feed them back into the production process. The method is based on a two-stage biological anaerobic-aerobic process to split colouring wastewater agents and to degrade organic substances contained in the water as well as a chemical stage to remove the remaining color of the water with the help of ozone. In the framework of a research and development project a demonstration plant for a treatment capacity of 1440 m3 per working day was installed and started in a textile finishing company. At the plant, a wastewater flow and a recycling flow are treated separately in two different treatment lanes. Approximately 40% of the total wastewater flows, i.e. 576 m3/d are treated in the wastewater lane, and a maximum of 60% of total wastewater, i.e. 864 m3/d are treated in the recycling lane. Thanks to the preliminary treatment of wastewater flows, which are discharged into the municipal sewage works, a reduction of average COD levels in the sewage works effluents could be achieved.