测定红细胞碱性铁蛋白对先心病缺铁诊断的临床意义

测定11例先心病和43名健康儿童血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞碱性铁蛋白(EF)、血清铁蛋白(SF),结果两组间Hb差异不显著,先心病组EF值显著低于健康对照组,而SF值明显高于对照组。表明对先心病患儿测定EF不仅能提高缺铁检出率和准确性,且有助于相对缺铁性贫血的诊断。     

东莞市学龄前儿童维生素A缺乏现状及维生素A对血清铁蛋白及红细胞参数的影响

目的 了解东莞市学龄前儿童维生素A缺乏现状,探讨维生素A对血清铁蛋白、红细胞及网织红细胞参数的影响。方法 于2015年4月至2016年12月通过整群抽样方法,选取东莞市无现患疾病的学龄前儿童（3~6岁）2 085例,对所选儿童进行血常规、网织红细胞计数、血清铁蛋白、血红蛋白电泳及维生素A浓度检测。分析年龄、性别与维生素A浓度及血清铁蛋白浓度的关系,维生素A浓度对血清铁蛋白、红细胞及网织红细胞参数的影响以及维生素A缺乏加重储存铁减少对红细胞参数的影响。结果 储存铁减少的儿童占比为6.71%（140/2 085）;维生素A缺乏儿童占比为32.52%（678/2 085）,其中亚临床缺乏占维生素A缺乏总人数的95.4%（647/678）,临床缺乏占维生素A缺乏总人数的4.6%（31/678）。不同性别组儿童维生素A浓度比较差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）,但女性儿童血清铁蛋白浓度高于男性（P < 0.05）。维生素A临床缺乏组儿童血清铁蛋白浓度高于亚临床缺乏组和正常组（P < 0.05）。维生素A缺乏时,储存铁减少组平均红细胞体积和平均红细胞血红蛋白含量较储存铁正常组降低（P < 0.05）。维生素A缺乏组血红蛋白浓度、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度、红细胞计数、红细胞压积、网织红细胞绝对值、网织红细胞百分比、网织红细胞血红蛋白含量均低于维生素A正常组,而平均红细胞体积高于维生素A正常组（P < 0.05）。结论 东莞市学龄前儿童维生素A缺乏状况仍较严重;维生素A缺乏可对血清铁蛋白、红细胞以及网织红细胞参数产生影响。     

单个网织红细胞血红蛋白量在诊断儿童缺铁性贫血中的意义

目的研究网织红细胞血红蛋白量(CHr)在诊断儿童缺铁性贫血(IDA)中的意义。方法 100例1～6岁IDA患儿和50例正常儿童(对照组)作为研究对象。采用血细胞分析仪检测CHr、Hb、RBC、平均红细胞容积(MCV)等红细胞参数;采用放射免疫双抗体法检测血清铁蛋白(SF);采用ELISA方法测定转铁蛋白受体(sTfR)。结果 IDA组的Hb和CHr分别为100±6 g/L和18±5 pg,低于对照组(126±8 g/L,31±3 pg;P<0.01)。IDA组的SF(11±4μg/L)低于对照组(59±36μg/L;P<0.01);sTfR则高于对照组(4.8±2.1 mg/L vs1.4±0.6 mg/L;P<0.01)。对照组、IDA组的CHr与Hb呈正相关(r分别为0.540,0.734,P<0.01);IDA组的CHr与SF呈正相关(r=0.464,P<0.01);IDA组的CHr与sTfR呈负相关(r=-0.450,P<0.01)。当CHr的临界值为27.8 pg时,诊断小儿IDA的敏感度和特异度分别为88.0%和90.0%,ROC曲线下面积为0.948。结论 CHr可以作为诊断儿童IDA的指标。     

88例热性惊厥患儿缺铁性贫血相关指标分析

目的了解热性惊厥与缺铁性贫血的关系。方法检测88例热性惊厥患儿的红细胞计数、血红蛋白、红细胞平均容积、红细胞平均血红蛋白、红细胞平均血红蛋白浓度、血清铁、血清铁蛋白,并以同期住院的76例呼吸道、肠道感染而无惊厥患儿为对照组,将两组数据进行统计分析。结果热性惊厥组缺铁性贫血的发生率为61.36%,对照组为43.42%,血红蛋白、血清铁含量与对照组有显著性差异(P<0.05);而且复杂型热性惊厥的缺铁性贫血的发生率占85%,与单纯型比较亦有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论血清铁与小儿热性惊厥密切相关,缺铁性贫血可能是引起热性惊厥的原因之一。     

网织红细胞正常儿童再生障碍性贫血6例诊治分析

目的 探讨网织红细胞正常儿童再生障碍性贫血(AA)的临床诊治方法.方法 回顾性分析2006年4月到2008年12月收治的网织红细胞正常的6例儿童AA的临床资料,检测患儿外周血血常规和网织红细胞参数变化.包括网织红细胞百分率(Ret%)、绝对数(Ret#),并计算网织红细胞生成指数(RPI).观察加用小剂量糖皮质激素治疗后的疗效.结果 试用小剂量糖皮质激素后.4例慢性再生障碍性贫血(CAA)患儿明显好转,2例莺型再生障碍性贫血(SAA)患儿无效.结论 部分AA患儿网织红细胞在正常范围,包括SAA及CAA,诊断再障需全面参考诊断标准;小剂量糖皮质激素治疗网织红细胞正常AA的疗效尚需进一步观察.     

贫血患儿血清生长分化因子15水平及其鉴别重型β地中海贫血的临床意义

目的 研究不同类型贫血患儿血清生长分化因子15(GDF15)水平及其与贫血程度、红系造血、铁代谢的相关性,以及在重型β地中海贫血(SBT)鉴别中的临床价值.方法 入选85例不同类型的贫血患儿,包括缺铁性贫血(IDA)19例,慢性病贫血(ACD)8例,再生障碍性贫血(AA)24例,重型β地中海贫血(SBT)17例,非SBT溶血性贫血(non-SBT HA)17例,另选21例健康体检儿童为对照组;采用ELISA方法测定血清GDF15水平,并分析其与血红蛋白(Hb)水平、网织红细胞参数和铁代谢指标的相关关系,ROC曲线分析血清GDF15水平对于儿童SBT的诊断价值.结果 各贫血亚组和对照组之间血清GDF15水平的差异有统计学意义(H=56.75,P<0.001).除ACD外,其他贫血亚组的血清GDF15水平均高于对照组,SBT组GDF15水平均高于对照组和其他贫血亚组,差异有统计学意义(P'<0.003),其中SBT组患儿血清GDF15中位浓度为对照组的28倍.贫血患儿GDF15与Hb水平呈显著负相关(rs=–0.429,P<0.01).贫血患儿GDF15水平与网织红细胞比例、网织红细胞绝对计数、RI和RPI显著正相关(rs=0.264~0.375,P均<0.05).贫血患儿GDF15水平与SF、SI和TS均显著正相关(rs=0.473~0.717,P均<0.01);与Tf和TIBC呈负相关(rs=–0.345、–0.349,P均<0.05).血清GDF15水平诊断重型β地中海贫血的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.969(95%CI:0.937~1.0;P<0.01),如以血清GDF15浓度5 000 pg/ml作为截断值,诊断SBT的特异度为98.5%.结论 血清GDF15水平显著升高是SBT患儿极为显著的血液生化特征,可能与骨髓无效造血密切相关;血清GDF15水平检测有助于SBT与其他类型溶血性贫血的鉴别.     

隐性缺铁性贫血50例

隐性缺铁性贫血是指机体储存铁已经减少 ,但贫血尚未发生的一种临床表现 ,发生率高于缺铁性贫血[1] 。因常根据血红蛋白来评价儿童是否贫血 ,忽略了隐性缺铁性贫血的存在。近年有学者根据红细胞体积 (ＭＣＶ)下降和红细胞体积分布宽度 (ＲＤＷ )升高诊断缺铁性贫血的报道 ,临床上很多Ｈｂ、ＲＢＣ在正常范围而ＲＤＷ升高者存在铁缺乏 ,所以末梢血ＭＣＶ下降和ＲＤＷ升高对诊断隐性缺铁性贫血有重要意义[2 ] 。为了解隐性缺铁性贫血与铁缺乏的关系 ,我们对 5 0例患儿进行了骨髓可染铁的测定 ,现总结如下。临床资料一、对象　选择 2 0 0 0年 1…     

口服铁剂和维生素A矫治小儿缺铁性贫血效果观察

目的探讨口服铁剂和维生素A治疗儿童缺铁性贫血的疗效。方法采用氰化高铁法检测血红蛋白和酶免法测定血清铁蛋白诊断119例缺铁性贫血患儿,并将其随机分成2组,实验组投服铁剂和维生素A,对照组单纯口服铁剂。结果2组服药1个月,实验组和对照组的平均Hb值分别上升了15.8、11.7g/L,前者较后者Hb净增值为4.1g/L。2组差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论予以铁剂及维生素A后,儿童贫血的改善明显优于单纯补铁,对干预缺铁性贫血具有重要的意义。     

血清可溶性转铁蛋白受体对缺铁性贫血的诊断价值

目的探讨血清可溶性转铁蛋白受体(sTfR)对儿童缺铁性贫血(IDA)的诊断价值。方法小细胞低色素性贫血患儿63例根据临床诊断标准分为IDA和非缺铁性贫血(n-IDA)组,测定sTfR及血清铁蛋白(SF)、血清铁(SI)等铁代谢指标,并分别行t检验和ROC曲线分析。结果IDA组sTfR均值高于正常值,与n-IDA组比较具有极显著差异(P<0.001),而IDA组SF和SI均值在正常参考值范围;尽管SF与SI特异度较高,但其敏感度和ROC曲线下面积明显较sTfR低。结论血清sTfR可较准确反映铁贮存状况,是诊断IDA的有效客观指标,在儿童铁缺乏疾病的鉴别诊断中具有重要价值。     

β-珠蛋白生成障碍性贫血患儿血常规参数和基因检测结果分析

目的检验泸州地区β-珠蛋白生成障碍性贫血(β-地贫)患儿血常规参数和基因突变类型分布,探讨血常规参数在β-地贫筛查中的应用价值。方法 50例β-地贫患儿,根据临床表现和实验室检查分为重型组(18例)和轻型组(32例),提取外周血DNA,采用反向斑点杂交法进行β-地贫基因突变位点分析。选择同期儿保门诊健康儿童20例作为正常对照组,采用全自动血细胞分析仪分别检测三组儿童血常规红细胞数(RBC)、血红蛋白量(Hb)、平均红细胞体积(MCV)、平均血红蛋白含量(MCH)、平均血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)、红细胞分布宽度(RDW)和网织红细胞比率(RET)等指标,并进行统计学分析。结果 50例患儿共检测出7种基因突变类型,其中以CD17(A→T)、CD41/42(-TTCT)和IVS-Ⅱ-654(C→T)最多见。轻型组和重型组β-地贫患儿RBC、Hb、MCV和MCH均较正常对照组明显降低,RET明显升高,差异有统计学意义;而MCHC和RDW与正常对照组比较差异无显著性。结论 MCV、MCH和RET等血常规参数可作为β-地贫的联合筛查指标。     

缺铁性贫血患儿血清胃泌素水平测定及间断补铁疗效观察

研究缺铁性贫血 (IDA)儿童胃泌素水平的变化 ;观察间断补铁治疗儿童IDA的疗效。方法 :49例 IDA患儿每周口服一次铁制剂 (元素铁 2 mg/kg) ,共 1 2周。在治疗前后测查 Hb、ZPP、SF及血清胃泌素。结果 :经补铁治疗 ,Hb、SF均极显著性升高 (P<0 .0 1 ) ,ZPP则明显下降 (P<0 .0 1 ) ;IDA患儿血清胃泌素水平明显升高 ,与对照组比较差异显著 ,治疗后恢复正常。结论 :1每周一次间断补铁治疗儿童 IDA效果显著。 2 IDA患儿胃泌素的异常分泌可能与缺铁所致的胃粘膜萎缩有关     

Measurement of reticulocyte hemoglobin content to diagnose iron deficiency in Saudi children

Iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia are common conditions in children, especially in developing countries. It is often difficult for the pediatrician to know which indices should be used in the diagnosis of these conditions in children. Reticulocyte hemoglobin (Hb) content (CHr) has been shown to be an accurate indicator of anemia, however whether its use suits the situation in developing countries or not is unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the value and effectiveness of using CHr as a method to diagnose iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia in Saudi children. The samples for the study were collected from 305 children suspected to have anemia. Complete blood count, transferrin saturation (Tfsat), ferritin, circulating transferrin receptor (TfR) and CHr were measured. Three groups were defined, iron deficiency (Tfsat <20%, Hb >11 g/dL; n=120), iron deficiency anemia (Tfsat <20%, Hb <11 g/dL; (n=73) and controls (Tfsat >20%; n=112). The anemic group had significantly lower macrocytic anemia (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and CHr. All of the variables in the anemia group were significantly lower than those of the control group except for the ferritin level. Compared to the control group, the iron deficiency group also showed significantly lower values except for transferrin receptor and the ferritin levels. CHr levels of <26 pg correlated well with anemic states. CHr together with a complete blood count may provide an alternative to the traditional hematologic or biochemical panel for the diagnosis of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia in young children and is cost-effective in developing countries. A CHr cut-off level of 26 pg is considered to be a reasonable indicator of anemic states.     

Red cell distribution width (RDW) in the diagnosis of iron deficiency with microcytic hypochromic anemia

Objective  To study the utility of red cell distribution width (RDW) in the diagnosis of iron deficiency among children with microcytic hypochromic anemia. Methods  151 children (6 months-12 years) with microcytic (MCV<75 fl) anemia were classified into iron deficient (IDA) and non-iron deficient anemia (non-IDA) on the basis of serum ferritin and total iron binding capacity (TIBC). RDW values were obtained on an automated hematology analyzer. Receiver operator curves (ROC) were constructed and the utility of RDW in diagnosis of iron deficiency was studied. Results  The mean RDW value was 18.37±2.22% in IDA group (97 children) compared to 16.55±1.51 % in the non-IDA group (54 children) (p<0.0001, unpaired t test). In IDA group, the mean RDW value was 16.60±1.78%, 17.95±1.91% and 20.55±1.32% among mild, moderate and severely anemic children (p<0.0001, ANOVA test). The corresponding values in non-IDA group were 16.03±1.25%, 16.76±1.20% and 16.77±2.68% respectively (p=0.269, ANOVA test). At a cut-off value of 17.4%, as obtained from the ROC curve, the sensitivity and specificity of RDW in diagnosis of IDA were 81.0% and 53.4% and a positive and negative predictive value of 63.0% and 72.2% respectively. Conclusion  RDW has a limited specificity for diagnosis of IDA among children with microcytic hypochromic anemia.     

Red Blood Cell Distribution Width and the Platelet Count in Iron-deficient Children Aged 0.5–3 Years

Early detection of iron deficiency (ID) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in young children is important to prevent impaired neurodevelopment. Unfortunately, many biomarkers of ID are influenced by infection, thus limiting their usefulness. The aim of this study was to investigate the value of red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and the platelet count for detecting ID(A) among otherwise healthy children. A multicenter prospective observational study was conducted in the Netherlands to investigate the prevalence of ID(A) in 400 healthy children aged 0.5–3 years. ID was defined as serum ferritin (SF) <12 μg/L in the absence of infection (C-reactive protein [CRP] <5 mg/L) and IDA as hemoglobin <110 g/L combined with ID. RDW (%) and the platelet count were determined in the complete blood cell count. RDW was inversely correlated with SF and not associated with CRP. Calculated cutoff values for RDW to detect ID and IDA gave a relatively low sensitivity (53.1% and 57.1%, respectively) and specificity (64.7% and 69.9%, respectively). Anemic children with a RDW >14.3% had a 2.7 higher odds (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.2–6.3) to be iron deficient, compared with anemic children with a RDW <14.3%. The platelet count showed a large range in both ID and non-ID children. In conclusion, RDW can be helpful for identifying ID as the cause of anemia in 0.5- to 3-year-old children, but not as primary biomarker of ID(A). RDW values are not influenced by the presence of infection. There appears to be no role for the platelet count in diagnosing ID(A) in this group of children.     

血常规指标对儿童铁缺乏的预测作用

目的探讨血常规指标在筛查儿童铁缺乏中的预测价值。方法回顾性分析2017年6月至2019年5月浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院1443名6月龄~18岁健康体检儿童(男862名、女581名)的血常规指标及血清铁蛋白(SF)水平。以SF<20μg/L为铁缺乏判断依据,同时伴有贫血(6月龄~5岁血红蛋白<110 g/L,6~18岁血红蛋白<120 g/L)为缺铁性贫血(IDA)组:SF<20μg/L同时排除贫血为无贫血铁缺乏组,SF≥20μg/L合并贫血者为铁状态不明贫血组,SF≥20μg/L无贫血者为健康对照组。定量资料以±s或M(四分位间距)描述,组间比较应用方差分析或非参数秩和检验分析,并应用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析血常规指标及低血红蛋白密度百分比(LHD)对IDA及铁缺乏的预测价值。结果1443名儿童年龄2.1(3.3)岁,健康对照组1061例,无贫血铁缺乏组292例,铁状态不明贫血组43例,IDA组47例。铁缺乏发生率高于贫血发生率[23.5%(339/1443)比6.2%(90/1443),χ2=169.76,P<0.01]。无贫血铁缺乏组LHD、红细胞分布宽度(RDW)均高于健康对照组[0.088(0.093)比0.073(0.068),0.131±0.013比0.126±0.008,P均<0.01],平均红细胞体积(MCV)、平均血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)均低于健康对照组[(80±4)比(83±4)fl,(326±9)比(329±8)g/L,P均<0.01];IDA组LHD[0.322(0.544)]、RDW(0.151±0.018)均高于无贫血铁缺乏组,MCV[(73±6)fl]、MCHC[(309±14)g/L]均低于无贫血铁缺乏组(P均<0.01)。MCHC、LHD、RDW、MCV预测铁缺乏的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.63(95%CI:0.60~0.67)、0.63(95%CI:0.60~0.67)、0.67(95%CI:0.63~0.70)和0.73(95%CI:0.69~0.76)。以MCV<80.2 fl、RDW>0.131或MCHC<322 g/L为界值,筛查铁缺乏的灵敏度分别为0.540、0.469和0.336,均高于血红蛋白筛查铁缺乏的灵敏度(0.139,χ2=121.70、87.47、35.56,P均<0.01)。结论血常规中MCV、RDW、MCHC均可作为铁缺乏的筛查指标,简便易于基层推广。     

106例6个月～6岁儿童缺铁性贫血临床表现及实验室检查分析

目的 探讨6个月～6岁儿童缺铁性贫血（IDA）的发病因素、临床特点、实验室检查并探讨其预防措施.方法 对106例6个月～6岁IDA患儿进行病因调查、查体及血常规、铁蛋白、叶酸、维生素B12等相关检查结果进行分析.结果 轻度贫血51例,中度贫血40例,重度贫血10例,极重度贫血5例.儿童缺铁性贫血与孕产因素、喂养因素等均有较大关系,且农村IDA发病率高于城市.结论 缺铁性贫血目前仍然是儿童期重要的营养缺乏病,应予高度重视,及时发现,尽早干预.     

Serum transferrin receptor in children: usefulness for determinating the nature of anemia in infection

OBJECTIVES: To know the variations of serum transferrin receptor (sTfR) and its indices depending on the status of body iron and the presence of infection in children, to evaluate their usefulness for recognizing the nature of anemia in infection, and to know the role of erythropoietic activity in these conditions. DESIGN AND METHODS: Three hundred and sixty-eight children between 1 and 10 years were included: 206 healthy children; 60 iron deficient anemic children (IDA); 102 with anemia and infectious disease, 58 of them meeting criteria for IDA. We measured hemoglobin, red cell indices, reticulocytes, transferrin saturation, serum ferritin, erythrocyte protoporphyrin, serum erythropoietin, and sTfR. Statistic method: ANOVA test, multiple linear regression, and ROC curve. RESULTS: sTfR, sTfR/ferritin ratio, and sTfR-logferritin index values were found to increase significantly in IDA children. These values were significantly lower in infectious anemia than iron deficiency states. Serum erythropoietin only was elevated significantly in iron deficiency states. In children without infection, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, erythrocyte protoporphirin, erythropoietin logarithm, and total-iron-binding-capacity logarithm predicted 81% of sTfR variability. sTfR and its indices showed a very high sensitivity and specificity for recognizing iron deficiency states. In children with IDA and infection sensitivity for sTfR/ferritin ratio was low (area under the curve: 0.71; 95% confidence interval: 0.64-0.88). For discriminating the nature of anemia in infection the cut-off point obtained for sTfR, sTfR/ferritin ratio, and sTfR-F index were 3, 70, and 1.8, respectively, and their sensitivity and specificity were also very high. CONCLUSIONS: sTfR, sTfR/ferritin ratio, and sTfR-F index are useful parameters for recognizing iron deficiency and the nature of anemia in infection. In IDA+infection, sTfR/ferritin ratio should not be recommended in the diagnosis of iron deficiency. In iron deficiency, erythropoietic activity has a secondary role as predictor factor of sTfR levels.     

中国7个月～7岁儿童铁缺乏症流行病学的调查研究

目的　调查我国儿童铁减少 (ID)、缺铁性贫血 (IDA)及铁缺乏症患病率。方法　采用分层抽样的方法 ,以全国 15个省 ,2 6个市县为调查点 ,随机抽取 9118名 7个月～ 7岁儿童为调查对象 ,检测末梢血血红蛋白 (Hb)、锌原卟啉 (ZPP)、血清铁蛋白 (SF)等指标。结果　 7个月～ 7岁儿童ID32 5 %、IDA 7 8% ;7～ 12个月ID 4 4 7%、IDA 2 0 8% ;13～ 36个月ID 35 9%、IDA 7 8% ;37个月～ 7岁ID 2 6 5 %、IDA 3 5 %。不同年龄组儿童ID、IDA、铁缺乏症患病率由高到低依次为 7～ 12个月 (婴儿组 ) ,13～ 36个月 (幼儿组 ) ,37个月～ 7岁 (学前组 ) ,各年龄组差异有显著意义 (P <0 0 1)。农村婴儿组ID 35 8%、IDA 30 1%、Hb ( 98 8± 9 1)g/L ;城市婴儿组ID 4 8 1%、IDA 16 8%、Hb ( 10 1 0± 6 8)g/L。农村幼儿组ID 31 0 %、IDA 15 5 %、Hb ( 98 2± 10 5 )g/L ;城市幼儿组ID 38 0 %、IDA 4 4 %、Hb( 10 2 8± 6 9)g/L。农村学前儿童组ID 2 7 6 %、IDA 6 3%、Hb( 10 1 2± 8 6 )g/L ;城市学前儿童组ID2 6 0 %、IDA 1 9%、Hb( 10 4 2± 4 4 )g/L。农村 7个月～ 7岁儿童铁缺乏症患病率 4 2 0 % ,城市 7个月～ 7岁儿童铁缺乏症患病率 39 5 % (P <0 0 1)。城市婴儿和幼儿ID患病率显著高于农村 (P <0     

福建省儿童铁缺乏症流行病学调查报告

目的 　了解我省儿童铁营养的现状 ,为使儿童缺铁性贫血的患病率在 2 0 0 0年的基础上下降 1 / 3掌握基数。方法 　在全省范围分三个层次九个流调点对 2 584名儿童作Hb(血红蛋白 )、ZPP(锌原卟啉 )及SF(血清铁蛋白 )的测定。结果 　我省儿童总的铁缺乏症发生率 37 2 3% ;铁减少发生率 2 2 87% ;缺铁性贫血发生率 1 4 36 %。结论 　铁缺乏、铁减少及缺铁性贫血的发生率 ,与饮食的合理性有密切关系。