Objectives
The present study investigated the position and relationship of the maxillary third molars to the maxillary sinus. These molars were detected to have a close relationship with the maxillary sinus based on panoramic images, using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).Methods
This retrospective study evaluated 162 impacted third molars from 100 patients that showed a superimposed relationship between the maxillary sinus and third molars on panoramic images obtained from CBCT. CBCT images were used to assess the horizontal (buccopalatal) and vertical positions of the maxillary sinus relative to the maxillary third molars, proximity of the roots to the sinus, and angulation and depth of the third molars. The associations among the angulation, depth of third molars, and horizontal and vertical positions of the maxillary sinus relative to the third molar findings were examined using Chi square tests.Results
Based on the winter classification, the most frequent tooth position was vertical (59.9 %), followed by mesioangular (14.2 %), distoangular (9.9 %), and others. Most impacted teeth were at the level between the occlusal and cervical levels of the adjacent second molar. Regarding the relationships of the maxillary third molars with the maxillary sinus examined on CBCT, vertical type III (buccal root related with maxillary sinus) (34 %) and horizontal type 2 (maxillary sinus located between roots) (64.8 %) were seen most frequently.Conclusions
The relationship between the maxillary sinus and third molar roots should be considered during extraction. When a risk of sinus perforation is predicted in an extraction, a presurgical CBCT examination could be valuable.Objectives
We aimed to determine the prevalence and distribution of root dilaceration by tooth type and to investigate the relationship between trauma history and teeth with dilaceration in a large population of adult dental patients in Turkey.Methods
Periapical radiographs of 9,406 permanent teeth from 5,504 patients were examined. Teeth were recognized as having mesial or distal root dilaceration if there was deviation of 90° or more from the normal long axis of the tooth. The patients’ biographic data, dilacerated and non-dilacerated teeth, and accidental trauma history were recorded. The Pearson Chi-square test was used to evaluate differences by sex and the Mann–Whitney U test was used to determine whether significant differences existed in the occurrence of dilaceration by age and side.Results
In the 5,504 subjects (2,877 males and 2,627 females), 9,406 teeth (5,029 in males and 4,377 in females) were examined. The Mann–Whitney U test revealed no significant differences in root dilacerations by age (P = 0.6) The teeth most frequently observed with root dilaceration were mandibular third molars (10.7 %), followed by maxillary first molars (5.8 %), mandibular second molars (5.2 %), maxillary third molars (5.0 %), maxillary second molars (4.9 %), and mandibular third molars (4.9 %). Overall, there were 161 right and 156 left root dilacerations. In all patients, the root dilacerations were unilateral. Trauma occurred in 1 % (n = 59) of the population, and all cases were in the maxillary arch. Trauma involved 0.6 % of all teeth examined, and was most common in maxillary third molars (2.6 %), followed by maxillary first molars (1.9 %), maxillary second molars (1.3 %), and maxillary lateral incisors (1.3 %) (P > 0.05). In 252 of 317 dilacerated teeth (79 %), the dilaceration was observed in the apical third region.Conclusions
Clinicians should consider the possibility of root dilaceration in teeth with trauma history. When other treatment (such as extraction, orthodontics) is required, identification of a dilaceration is important to ensure appropriate management. Periapical radiographs are the most appropriate way to diagnose the presence of root dilacerations. 相似文献Introduction
The aim of the present study was to use cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to analyze root canal anatomy and symmetry of maxillary and mandibular first and second molar teeth of a white population.Methods
A total of 201 patients who required CBCT examinations as part of their dental diagnosis and treatment were enrolled in the present study. Overall, 596 healthy, untreated, well-developed maxillary and mandibular molar teeth (161 maxillary first molars, 157 maxillary second molars, 117 mandibular first molars, and 161 mandibular second molars) were examined by CBCT to establish the symmetry in root and canal anatomy between right and left sides in the same patient by evaluating the number of roots and root canals and the root canal configuration.Results
Three separate roots with 3 separate canals was the normal anatomy of maxillary first and second molars. Most mandibular first and second molars had 2 separate roots, and the majority had 3 canals. In the present study, first molars, both maxillary and mandibular, exhibited greater asymmetry than the second molars. Maxillary first molars were found to be symmetrical in 71.1% of patients, whereas maxillary second molars were symmetrical in 79.6%. The remaining 28.9% and 20.4% of patients, respectively, showed asymmetry. Around 30% of the mandibular first molars and 20% of the mandibular second molars showed asymmetry.Conclusions
The results of the present study reported a percentage of symmetry that varied from 70%–81%. These variations in symmetry should be taken in high consideration when treating 2 opposite molars in the same patient, because their anatomy may be different in up to 30% of the cases. 相似文献Introduction
Many endodontic treatment failures in maxillary molars result from missed second mesiobuccal (MB2) canals. An MB2 canal orifice is present in as many as 95% of maxillary molars, but these canals are not always located during endodontic procedures. Additional tools, such as cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) imaging, may be needed to locate these canals in maxillary molars. Hence, the aims of this study were to investigate the frequency of use of CBCT imaging during the treatment of maxillary molars and to evaluate the influence of its use on the detection of MB2 canals.Methods
Endodontic treatment records, digital intraoral radiographs (when present), and CBCT images from all maxillary first and second?molars treated at the University of Washington, Seattle, WA, between 2010 and 2014 (N?=?886) were reviewed. Statistical analysis was performed to assess differences between the groups.Results
Overall, an MB2 canal was found in 55.8% of the maxillary molars studied, and CBCT imaging assisted in detecting 11.7% of these canals. CBCT imaging was used in 16.5% of the cases treated and was used significantly more for retreatment cases. CBCT imaging was used preoperatively in 5.6% of cases, and the data show that significantly more MB2 canals were located when a preoperative CBCT image was available. More MB2 canals were located in first molars without full-coverage crowns.Conclusions
The data show that CBCT imaging is a valuable tool in locating MB2 canals. Based on the results of his study, the use of CBCT imaging could be warranted when treating maxillary molars. 相似文献Introduction
Anecdotal reports suggest that the presence of mandibular third molars predispose the mandible to angle fractures. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of mandibular third molars as a risk factor for angle fractures in patients with fractured mandibles. 相似文献Objective
To investigate the position of the distobuccal root canal orifice of the maxillary second molars in a Chinese population using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).Material and methods
In total, 816 maxillary second molars from 408 patients were selected from a Chinese population and scanned using CBCT. The following information was recorded: (1) the number of root canals per tooth, (2) the distance between the mesiobuccal and distobuccal root canal orifice (DM), (3) the distance between the palatal and distobuccal root canal orifice (DP), (4) the angle formed by the mesiobuccal, distobuccal and palatal root canal orifices (∠ PDM). DM, DP and ∠ PDM of the teeth with three or four root canals were analyzed and evaluated.Results
In total, 763 (93.51%) of 816 maxillary second molars had three or four root canals. The distance between the mesiobuccal and distobuccal orifice was 0.7 to 4.8 mm. 621 (81.39%) of 763 teeth were distributed within 1.5-3.0 mm. The distance between the palatal and distobuccal orifice ranged from 0.8 mm to 6.7 mm; 585 (76.67%) and were distributed within 3.0-5.0 mm. The angle (∠ PDM) ranged from 69. 4º to 174.7º in 708 samples (92.80%), the angle ranged from 90º to 140º.Conclusions
The position of the distobuccal root canal orifice of the maxillary second molars with 3 or 4 root canals in a Chinese population was complex and variable. Clinicians should have a thorough knowledge of the anatomy of the maxillary second molars. 相似文献Aim
The present study attempted the evaluation of Primary and secondary closure techniques after removal of impacted third molars in terms of healing, post-operative pain and swelling. 相似文献Introduction
The aim of this study was to analyze and characterize root canal morphology of maxillary molars of the Brazilian population using cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) imaging.Methods
Patients referred for a CBCT radiographic examination for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning were enrolled in the study. A total of 620 healthy, untreated, fully developed maxillary first and second molars were included (314 first molars and 306 second molars). The following observations were recorded: (1) number of roots and their morphology, (2) number of canals per root, (3) fused roots, and (4) primary variations in the morphology of the root canal systems.Results
First and second molars showed a higher prevalence of 3 separate roots, mesiobuccal, distobuccal, and palatal, with 1 canal in each root (52.87% and 45.09%, respectively). Two canals in the mesiobuccal roots represented 42.63% of teeth, whereas mesiobuccal roots of second molars presented 2 canals in 34.32%. The most common anatomic variation in the maxillary first molar was related to the root canal configuration of the mesiobuccal root, whereas the root canal system of the maxillary second molar teeth showed more anatomic variables.Conclusions
Mesiobuccal roots of maxillary molar teeth had more variation in their canal system than the distobuccal or palatal roots. The root canal configuration of the maxillary second molars was more variable than the first molars in a Brazilian population. CBCT imaging is a clinically useful tool for endodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. 相似文献Aims
To investigate the various indications for the removal of impacted lower third molars in a dental school in Libya. 相似文献Purpose
The relationship between radiographic findings and the occurrence of oroantral perforation is controversial. Few studies have quantitatively analyzed the risk factors contributing to oroantral perforation, and no study has reported multivariate analysis of the relationship(s) between these various factors. This retrospective study aims to fill this void.Methods
Various risk factors for oroantral perforation during maxillary third molar extraction were investigated by univariate and multivariate analysis. The proximity of the roots to the maxillary sinus floor (root-sinus [RS] classification) was assessed using panoramic radiography and classified as types 1–5. The relationship between the maxillary second and third molars was classified according to a modified version of the Archer classification. The relative depth of the maxillary third molar in the bone was classified as class A–C, and its angulation relative to the long axis of the second molar was also recorded.Results
Performance of an incision (OR 5.16), mesioangular tooth angulation (OR 6.05), and type 3 RS classification (i.e., significant superimposition of the roots of all posterior maxillary teeth with the sinus floor; OR 10.18) were all identified as risk factors with significant association to an outcome of oroantral perforation.Conclusion
To our knowledge, this is the first multivariate analysis of the risk factors for oroantral perforation during surgical extraction of the maxillary third molar. This RS classification may offer a new predictive parameter for estimating the risk of oroantral perforation.Objective
To compare the efficacy of cyanoacrylate (tissue glue) placement after surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars. 相似文献Introduction
The knowledge of root canal anatomy is essential to ensure a successful outcome of surgical and nonsurgical root canal treatment. The aims of this article were to present 2 cases of maxillary molars with 3 mesiobuccal root canals and to review the available literature on this anatomic variation.Methods
The first case described a nonsurgical root canal treatment of tooth #16 in a 29-year-old man with the aid of a dental operating microscope. In the second case, an extracted maxillary right first molar was scanned by a micro–computed tomographic system and reconstructed 3-dimensionally using modeling software.Results
In both cases, the mesiobuccal root had 3 canals (type 3-2 in case I and type 3-3 in case II), whereas the distobuccal and palatal roots had a single canal. The literature review showed that the overall incidence of 3-canaled mesiobuccal roots in maxillary molars ranged from 1.3%–2.4% and that the most common root canal configuration was type 3-2.Conclusions
Clinicians should always anticipate the presence of extra canals in maxillary molars and use all the available tools to locate and treat these. 相似文献Aim
The aim of this case report is to present the trans-sinusoidal pathway used to remove a displaced maxillary third molar from the infratemporal fossa and review the English literature regarding the techniques used.Case report
A 21-year-old male patient was referred with the findings of an oroantral fistula on the left maxillary vestibular first molar region and slight restriction of mouth opening. The patient underwent a maxillary sinus surgery in order to remove a sinus retention cyst via Caldwell-Luc access in a dental clinic 4 years ago. A computerized tomography scan showed the inverted third molar to be located in the infratemporal fossa, just between zygomatic arch and lateral pterygoid plate. The tooth was accessed through the remaining lateral bone defect from the Caldwell-Luc approach of the lateral sinus wall. The bone defect was extended. The posterior bony wall of the maxillary sinus was removed via a surgical burr. After that, the displaced tooth was exposed. The tooth was mobilized via Warwick James elevator downwards and removed with a forceps.Conclusion
Access for surgical removal of the tooth from the infratemporal fossa is not only difficult but also has potential for morbidity due to the structures running through it. Wide incision in the maxillary sulcus and blunt dissection are reported with lower success rates and usually necessitate a second intervention via extraoral route. Trans-sinusoidal approach might be an old fashioned but relatively successfully attempt in the removal of the upper third molars from the infratemporal fossa. Considering the time of removal, if no symptoms were present, it is beneficial to wait for a couple of weeks thus facilitating development of fibrous surrounding around the tooth.Aims
The present study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of using the developmental stages of the canines and third molars to predict the timing of skeletal maturity in the Saudi population.Material and methods
The lateral cephalometric radiographs and orthopantograms of 239 Saudi patients, 106 males and 133 females, aged 9 to 21?years, were collected from several dental centers. Orthopantograms were used to assess the developmental stages of the upper and lower canine teeth and third molars using two popular methods: that of Nolla and that of Demirjian. Cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) stage was assessed on the lateral cephalometric images according to the method of Baccetti et al. Trained observers with no knowledge of patient age or gender performed assessments. Data were analyzed with Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient at a significance level of P?≤?.05.Result
Skeletal CVM stages III and IV had a stronger correlation with mandibular left canine developmental stage than with maxillary canine developmental stage in the two methods used (correlation with Nolla stage 10 and Demirjian stage H: root completely formed with apex closed), especially for male patients (r?=?0.700, P?<?.001). In contrast, the maxillary third molars at Nolla stages 5 and 7 (crown completed to 1/3 of the root formed) showed an association with CVM stages III and IV (r?=?0.540 for females and r?=?0.639 for males, P?≤?.001 for both) and with Demirjian stages D, E, and F. Males had slightly higher correlation values than females (r?=?0.578 and 0.5010, respectively; P?≤?.001) at CVM stages III and IV. Interestingly, canine teeth showed a stronger correlation than third molars with skeletal maturation in Saudi children.Conclusion
Dental developmental stages were highly correlated with CVM stages III and IV among Saudi subjects. 相似文献A correlation between impacted maxillary third molars on the eruption potential of the maxillary second molar has been identified. There is little published evidence available in the literature regarding a treatment modality for this presentation.
AimsThe aim of this case series is to propose a joint surgical and orthodontic approach for the management of such cases.
MethodA retrospective search of all patients treated for impacted second and third maxillary molars from 2014 to 2020 revealed 24 cases. Surgical planning was facilitated with the use of a CBCT to help orientate the teeth in 3-D and assess any associated pathology to nearby structures. Twenty-three cases were treated via surgical removal of the impacted third molar and subsequently monitored for spontaneous maxillary second molar eruption.
ConclusionAll treated cases showed complete or partial spontaneous eruption followed by orthodontic repositioning if required.
相似文献