药用植物染料的特征和功能实现(I):药性、颜色与染色

对植物染料以有效成分的化学结构进行分类,重点介绍了常见药用植物染料的功效和色素的提取,及其在纺织品染色上的应用。     

药用植物染料的特征和功能实现(Ⅰ):药性、颜色与染色

对植物染料以有效成分的化学结构进行分类，重点介绍了常见药用植物染料的功效和色素的提取，及其在纺织品染色上的应用。     

草莓红色素的提取及稳定性研究

介绍了从草莓（Strawberry）中提取红色色素的方法和条件,并对该色素的稳定性进行了研究。结果表明：该色素对光、热、氧化剂（H2O2）与还原剂（Na2SO3）及金属离子的作用稳定,适宜的pH值范围为2－8。     

酢浆草红花色素的提取及理化性质研究

从酢浆草红花中提取一种酒红色色素,并对酢浆草红花色素的提取方法,提取剂的选择及其理化性质进行研究.实验结果表明,酢浆草红花色素提取的最佳工艺条件是以微酸性95﹪乙醇为浸取剂,浸取温度50℃,料液比1∶30,浸取时间4.5 h.酢浆草红花色素的最大吸收波长为530 nm,在酸性条件下都能稳定存在,有较好的耐热性,但不耐光照,Mg2 、Ca2 、Na 、Cu2 、Al3 、Zn2 等离子对该色素无不良影响,而Fe2 、Fe3 金属离子对色素影响较大,且耐氧化能力一般,耐还原能力较弱.苯甲酸﹑蔗糖﹑葡萄糖﹑食盐等食品添加剂的加入对色素影响较小.     

红花对棉针织物的染色及抑菌性能研究

红花既是常见中草药,也是常用的天然食用色素,本文探索了红花在纺织印染领域中的应用.采用超声波水提法从中药材红花中提取染料色素,通过预媒染色法对棉针织物进行染色;在媒染剂明矾用量5 g/L,预媒处理时间30 min,染色温度70℃、保温时间60 min的优化工艺条件下,15％(o.w.f)用量的红花色素对棉针织物染色后的...     

食用紫菌红色素纯化及光谱分析

从酒曲中分离筛选出一产红色素９３５菌株，经鉴定为紫红曲霉Ｍｏｎａｓｃｕｓ Ｐｕｒ－ｐｕｒｅｕｓ。发酵周期３天，菌丝体经水提取，提取液薄膜浓缩，冷冻干燥，得紫菌红色素粗品，色素粗品经葡聚糖凝胶Ｓｅｐｈａｄｅｘ Ｇ－２５柱层析是红色与黄色两组分，以红色组分为主，高效液相色谱表明红色黄色组分纯度均一，对两种组分进行了红外光谱（ＩＲ），荧光光谱（ＦＳ），质谱（ＭＳ），紫外可见光谱，核磁共振氢谱等分析     

天然彩色棉色素的提取与光谱分析

采用溶剂提取法和硝酸/乙醇（1∶4）氧化法提取天然彩色棉纤维的色素.通过色素提取液的光谱分析得出,天然棕色棉纤维色素成分为黄酮类化合物,B环上带有邻二酚羟基;天然绿色棉纤维色素中除含有黄酮类化合物外,A、B环上都带有邻二酚羟基.     

鸡冠花色素的提取与分离方法的初步研究

本以鸡冠花[Celosia cristata L.]花序为实验材料，以水作提取溶剂，采用正交法设计实验组合，按正交表L16（4^5）对提取温度、提取时间和物料配比等三个因子，每个因子四个水平进行实验，用硅胶柱层析法和薄层层析法对色素提取液进行分离纯化。结果发现：鸡冠花色素的提取温度以25℃,提取时间以2h，物料配比以1：15为提取该色素的最佳条件；鸡冠花色素提取液可分离出鸡冠花红色素、鸡冠花黄色素、果胶等三种物质。     

黑葵花子壳色素的提取及稳定性研究

为了寻找一种新型着色剂,研究了黑葵花子壳色素的提取条件和稳定性。用pH6.8的水提取的色素颜色比用60%乙醇提取的深。用水做提取液提取黑葵花子壳后得到一种酒红色鲜艳的色素。该色素在540nm处有最大吸收峰。黑葵花子壳色素对蔗糖、葡萄糖、淀粉、氯化钠较稳定,柠檬酸、醋酸对色素有增色作用。对温度、日光的稳定性较高。但受氧化剂、还原剂的影响较大。     

叶绿体色提取和分离失败原因初探

文章分析叶绿素提取和分离实验失败原因有三：（一）提取液色素含量低；（二）色素撮困难；（三）样点或样线浓度不均。同时，本文还提出实验改进的几点设想。     

同位素标记结合中性丢失扫描鉴定白蛋白早期糖基化修饰肽段

采用 [13C6] 同位素标记的葡萄糖作为标签,在体外建立非酶糖基化反应模型,并采用MALDI-TOF对模型中的糖基化人血清白蛋白(HSA)进行验证. 以高分辨率的液质联用四级杆飞行时间质谱(HPLC/Q-TOF MS)为分析平台,经过一级质谱(LC/MS)筛选糖基化肽段. 采用target MS/MS模式对筛选出的34条肽段进行分析. 运用蛋白质组学数据分析工具pFind软件对肽段的中性丢失扫描及二级质谱(LC/MS/MS)数据进行分析,最终获得16条早期糖基化修饰肽段的序列及修饰位点信息.      

Combustion Properties of Textiles Applied in Tibet Ancient Buildings and Their Clean Flame Retarding Designs

IntroductionThe Tibet is a mysterious and char ming plateaudistrict characteristic of lots of ancient buildings andvigorous religious affairs . Since the for mation of a for mof specifically Tibetan Buddhis m during the7th14thcenturies , textiles have been playing a very i mportantrole in religious ceremonies and in the decoration ofBuddhist temples and monasteries which have becomerepositories of all types of textile decorations . Whetherfor secular or religious purposes ,fromlocal or i mpo…     

Combustion Properties of Textiles Applied in Tibet Ancient Buildings Designs and Their Clean Flame Retarding

In the Tibet ancient buildings, there are large amounts of combustible decorative textiles that pose great potential fire hazards. Some typical textile samples were collected from the Potala Palace. Their combustion properties were analyzed by UL 94 Vertical Burning test and Limiting Oxygen Index test. The effects of plateau climate on combustion properties, an important fact required to be considered in the flame retarding design for combustible textiles, were preliminarily compared via test data in the plain and those in the plateau. Based on the foregoing analyses, some thoughts were presented on the clean and feasible flame retarding means for the decorative textiles due to their special applications in Tibet, in ancient buildings and in plateau climate. The fire resistance, weather resistance, UV resistance, endurance, ornamentation and religious performances for these textiles must be taken into considerations comprehensively in the designs.     

Rapid determination of pharmaceuticals from multiple therapeutic classes in wastewater by solid-phase ex-traction and ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

A new analytical method utilizing ultra-performance liquid chromatography （UPLC） tandem mass spectrometry （MS/MS） has been developed to determine 16 pharmaceuticals from 8 therapeutic classes in wastewater： bezafibrate, clofibric acid, carbamazepine, caffeine, chloramphenicol, diclofenac, gemfibrozil, indomethacin, ketoprofen, mefenamic acid, metoprolol, nalidixic acid, N,N-diethyl-metatoluamide, propranolol, sulpiride and trimethoprim. Key parameters of MS/MS, UPLC and solid phase extraction （SPE） were optimized. In general, recovery of target pharmaceuticals was over 70% for the wastewater effluent samples and 50% for the influent samples. The effects of matrix suppression, loss during the pretreatment as well as instrument variability were successfully corrected by two internal standards, and acceptable relative recovery was obtained. Target compounds were quantitatively analyzed using multiple reaction monitoring （MRM） mode, and the detection limits ranged from 0.3 to 20 ng/L. A detailed study, matrix effect in effluent wastewater was also present. The method was applied to detecting pharmaceuticals in the wastewater from three wastewater treatment plants （WWTPs） in Beijing, China and the results demonstrated that most target compounds were detectable in both the influent and effluent, with the mean concentrations ranging from 20.5 to 5775.6 ng/L and 4.6 to 418.6 ng/L, respectively.     

快速高分离液相色谱/四级杆串联飞行时间质谱 分析山楂籽中的主要黄酮成分

采用快速高分离液相色谱/四级杆串联飞行时间质谱(RRLC/Q-TOF MS)联用技术进行山楂籽中的黄酮类化合物分析方法研究.山楂籽黄酮经超声辅助提取后,选用Welch Materials C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相组成分别为0.1%甲酸水溶液和乙腈,梯度洗脱.在正离子模式下,经飞行时间质谱分离并检测了15种黄酮成分.结果表明,快速分离液相-四级杆串联飞行时间质谱联用技术可以快速准确鉴定样品中的黄酮成分.     

药用植物染料的特征和功能实现(Ⅱ):染色效果及抗菌性能

介绍了常用天然植物药的染色效果和实现条件，及其药用植物染料的上染特征，染色牢度的特点和提高染色效果的方法，并概述了织物经药用植物染料染色后的抗微生物活性和抗紫外线功能。     

药用植物染料的特征和功能实现(II):染色效果及抗菌性能

介绍了常用天然植物药的染色效果和实现条件,及其药用植物染料的上染特征,染色牢度的特点和提高染色效果的方法,并概述了织物经药用植物染料染色后的抗微生物活性和抗紫外线功能。     

Recipes Prediction by Matching to K/S Values Based on New Two-constant Theory

A concept of new two-constant of colorant, both （ R/St ） and （s/St）, is introduced based on the Kubelka-Munk theory. A new two-constant theory for color matching is presented. Basic equations used in matching to K/S values are given in matrix form based on the new two-constant theory. Algorithm for a least-squares match to K/S values of a sample is developed by use of the new two-constant theory. The algorithm is suitable for single-constant theory as well as two-constant theory. The experimental data show that calculating K/S values of disperse dyes based on new two- constant theory are accordant with the measuring ones. The recipes predicted by new two-constant theory arc closer to the actual recipes of the standard sample than the recipes predicted by single-constant theory. The sample according to the recipe predicted by new two-constant theory has smaller color difference against for the standard than the sample according to the recipe predicted by single-constant theory. The results show that the scattering of disperse dyes cannot be negligible, and that the recipes match to textiles colored by disperse dyes should be predicted by using of new two-constant theory.     

升麻总皂苷在体肠吸收动力学研究

考察了升麻提取物中升麻苷H-2、升麻苷H-1、27-脱氧升麻亭、升麻醇-3-O-β-D吡喃木糖苷、25-O-乙酰升麻醇木糖苷5种主要有效成分在大鼠的肠吸收性质.以酚红为标示物,运用大鼠在体单向肠灌流模型并采用HPLC/MS/MS法测定灌流液中5种主要有效成分的浓度变化.结果发现,升麻苷H-2、升麻苷H-1、27-脱氧升...     

Extraction and Application of Natural Mordant Dyes from Eichhornia Crassipes (Water Hyacinth)

Metallic salts are often added as extra mordant when dyeing the fabrics with natural dyes. Eichhornia crassipes,namely water hyacinth( WH),is an environmentally problematic aquatic weed with high affinity for metals. In this paper,WH was selected as the source of natural mordant dyes,and extracted by absolute ethyl alcohol using a soxhlet apparatus. The colorants in WH were extracted and separated by column chromatography and thin layer chromatography( TLC). UV-visible spectrophotometer( UV-VIS),mass spectrometry, chemical identification with chromogenic reaction,and Fourier transform infrared spetroscopy( FTIR) were used to identify the main components of each pigment band. The total metal contents before and after extracting of the WH were determined by using an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission detector. The WH extracts were then used to dye wool fabric. The dyeing properties of WH extracts with and without metal mordant were investigated and compared. The results show that the main components of WH extracts are pheophytin and phyllins. The major metallic elements identified in WH are magnesium, manganese,zinc,and iron. Samples dyed with WH extracts without metal mordant exhibits high K / S values and good dyeing properties. This study indicates that the WH extracts can be used as a natural mordant dye on wool fabrics directly.