浅谈某基坑监测方案设计要点

为保证基坑工程安全,按预设工期计划进行施工,保证施工进度,在支护施工过程中,使基坑周边已有构筑物、基础设施、管网管线等不受破损、减少干扰,必须对基坑实施过程进行全方位监管。因此准确掌握基坑及其围护结构的竖向沉降、轴力、水平位移大小及周围建筑物的沉降、位移动态,统计监测数据,准确运用统计数据指导基坑安全施工,做好应急预案措施,防患于未然。     

城市地下综合管廊基坑监测分析

基坑开挖对周围管线的影响不可忽视。本文对广州某综合管廊基坑监测情况进行分析,针对周边环境监测项目超出报警值的情况,结合管廊基坑的特点,对基坑支护结构顶水平位移、沉降、周边建筑和地表沉降、地下水位、支撑轴力等项目监测情况进行分析,将监测结果及时反馈至相关单位,及时采取加固措施,确保整个基坑施工过程中的安全。     

基坑信息化施工监测

在周边环境复杂的条件下施工深基坑,为安全施工及保护邻近建筑物、管线、市政道路,某楼盘采用信息化施工监测,从土方开挖到基础、地下室完工直至土方回填全过程,对基坑顶水平位移、周边建筑物沉降、支护结构深层位移、内支撑结构轴力等实施监测。每次监测结果经数据处理和预测,将信息反馈,做到有效指导基坑安全施工。     

基坑开挖对围护结构及周边地表变形影响的研究

文中以贵州省贵阳市贵安新区马场科技新城商业综合体项目为例，分析基坑开挖过程中基坑水平位移及竖向位移随基坑开挖深度变化的演变规律，并获取了基坑支护结构应力及周边沉降的数据，验证支护结构的有效性。结果表明，坡顶的水平/竖向位移与开挖深度呈正相关关系；支护结构施工后，一定开挖范围内，坡顶水平/竖向位移增加幅度有所下降，但后期坡顶水平/竖向位移增加幅度又开始加大；锚杆轴力与基坑开挖深度关系不大；沉降量与监测点距基坑中心的距离呈现凸形关系，越靠近基坑中心线位置，地表沉降量越大，直至达到最大。     

南京市茶南基坑监测及成果分析

通过时南京市茶南基坑支护结构的深层水平位移、沉降、基坑水平位移、支撑轴力监测，得出了基坑周边水平位移及深层土体的水平位移随时间的变化曲线；周边建筑物的沉降随基坑开挖的变化关系；支撑轴力随时问的变化曲线。并时这些变化曲线进行了研究分析。     

“中心岛法”斜支撑基坑开挖坡比对周边环境的影响

采用三维有限元分析方法,对武汉某基坑"中心岛法"开挖施工过程进行模拟,分析开挖过程中支护结构水平位移和基坑周边地表沉降的变化过程,为基坑初步设计和优化设计提供参考。在同一地层和支护布设情况下,采用不同坡比开挖对基坑支护结构水平位移及周边地表沉降的影响进行研究。研究结果表明:随着斜坡开挖坡度的增加,斜坡开挖前后支护结构水平位移和基坑周边沉降不断增加,且增大的幅度越来越大;针对不同的基坑场地和周边环境情况,选取合理的斜坡比,对控制基坑开挖对周边环境的影响以及缩短基坑工期等有很好的作用,从基坑工期和安全性综合考虑得出武汉一级阶地一般情况较合适的开挖坡比为1∶1。     

某建筑深基坑监测实例分析

本文通过对某深基坑项目围护桩顶位移/沉降监测、周边建筑物沉降监测、土体深层水平位移的监测,总结分析出沉降的变化规律与变形特性。由监测结果分析可知,此基坑的支护沉降量、位移量及桩的应力变化都在规范范围内,并且变化均趋于稳定,表明基坑变形正常。     

沉降观测在基础施工过程中的作用

文章通过工程实例,介绍了基坑支护施工过程中对周边建筑物的沉降观测方法,以及通过监测信息来指导基坑支护的施工。     

滨海新区贻芳托老所基坑支护工程监测技术

依托滨海新区贻芳托老所基坑支护工程,分别对基坑进行沉降、水平位移、地下水位和钢支撑内力等项目的监测,并对数据作了及时分析、反馈、预警,结果表明,各项参数指标处于可控范围内,有效保障了基坑工程及周边建筑在施工期间的安全,实现了深基坑工程信息化施工。     

“中心岛法”斜支撑基坑开挖坡比探讨

采用三维有限元分析方法,对武汉某基坑“中心岛法”开挖施工过程进行了模拟,分析了开挖过程中支护结构水平位移和基坑周边地表沉降的变化过程,为基坑初步设计和优化设计提供了参考。在同一地层和支护布设情况下,采用不同坡比开挖对基坑支护结构水平位移及周边地表沉降的影响进行了研究,研究结果表明：随着斜坡开挖坡度的增加,斜坡开挖前后支护结构水平位移和基坑周边沉降不断增加,且增大的幅度越来越大;针对不同的基坑场地和周边环境情况,选取合理的斜坡坡比,对控制基坑开挖对周边环境的影响以及缩短基坑工期等有很好的作用,从基坑安全性和工期两方面综合考虑得出武汉一级阶地两层地下室及以下基坑较合适的开挖坡比为1：1．0～1：1．5。     

Devastation of the environment by landslides activated by construction

Summary The landscape environment is presently formed by the system in which there are natural, as well as anthropogeneous components. There is natural direct and inverse relation between them. The possibility and method of construction of a technical work depends on specific natural conditions. Of decisive influence are mainly the rock relief, groundwater and geodynamic processes, which Matula (1976) terms the main components of the engineering geological environment. The natural conditions of the West Carpathians are suitable for the occurrence and development of slope movements. More than 3% of the total Slovakian area is covered by landslides and by other slope movements of a varied degree of activity. Based on actual examples of an incorrect procedure in erecting some of the ground, hydrotechnical and transport constructions the paper analyzes the causes of landslide reactivation and devastation of the environment. To avoid negative changes in the geological environment engineering geological documents are prepared for more important investment units, comprising predictions of changes induced by construction.

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Dégradation de l'environnement par la réactivation de glissements sous l'influence de constructions

Résumé Le paysage est le résultante de composants naturels, ainsi que d'influences anthropiques. Il y a un rapport mutuel direct et inverse entre ees facteurs. La possibilité de construire un ouvrage et les méthodes employées dépendent des conditions naturelles spécifiques. Les facteurs principaux sont la morphologie du site, l'eau souterraine et les phénomènes géodynamiques, que Matula M. (1976) appelle les composants principaux de l'environnement de la géologie de l'ingénieur. Les conditions naturelles des Carpates Occidentales se prêtent à l'apparition et au développement de mouvements de versants. Plus de 3% de la superficie totale de la Slovaquie sont concernés par des glissements et autres mouvements de versants d'une intensité variable. A partir d'exemples concrets de mauvaises réalisations de travaux souterrains, de barrages et d'infrastructures de transport, l'article analyse les causes de la réactivation des glissements et de la dégradation de l'environnement. Pour éviter ces influences négatives sur l'environnement géologique, on prépare des documents géologiques et géotechniques pour des travaux plus importants et qui incluent la prévision des changements provoqués par les constructions.

     

Foundation strengthening by piles constructed by means of pneumatic punches

The writers propose methods for strengthening foundations on natural bases under straitened conditions by means of driven inclined and horizontal metal pipes filled with concrete, as well as by bored piles formed in the soil and constructed by using pneumatic punches. Results of investigations of the bearing capacity of the strengthened foundations are presented.Krasnoyarsk Civil Engineering Institute. Krasnoyarsk PromstroiNIIproekt Institute. Translated from Osnovaniya, Fundamenty i Mekhanika Gruntov, No. 4, pp. 26–28, July–August, 1993.     

SF3102电动轮卡车自动熄火引发的撞车事故分析

安全是煤矿生产的头等大事，虽然露天煤矿与井工矿相比安全系数要相对大的多，没有瓦斯爆炸与冒顶等恶性事故，但也存在很多不安全因素。运输工程是露天煤矿的安全重点，也是各露天煤矿常抓不懈的主题。     

以质量求生存 以信誉求发展

作为全国铝塑复合板行业中的骨干企业和重要推动力量，山东信发铝塑有限公司仅仅经过几年的时间，就取得了诸多骄人的成绩。一跃成为江北生产铝塑复合板的3大主要生产厂商之一，产值过亿元，销售网络遍布全国大部分地区，赢得了同行业的普遍赞许和尊重。     

以质量求生存以信誉求发展以品牌创效益--山东信发铝塑有限公司发展纪实

作为全国铝塑复合板行业中的骨干企业和重要推动力量,山东信发铝塑有限公司仅仅经过几年的时间,就取得了诸多骄人的成绩,一跃成为江北生产铝塑复合板的3大主要生产厂商之一,产值过亿元,销售网络遍布全国大部分地区,赢得了同行业的普遍赞许和尊重.     

Water purification of dyes by ceramic membranes modified by pyrocarbon of carbonized polyisocyanate

Pyrocarbon modification of microfiltration ceramic membrane from aluminum oxide by carbonization of polyisocyanate has been carried out. The structure of pyrocarbon was regulated by means of water, glycerin and nickel chloride. Water of purified of dyes by pressure-driven method at the pressure in the range 0.5–1.1 MPa. The retention coefficient and specific capacity of modified membranes for direct scarlet varies respectively from 84.3 to 99.99% and from 0.8 to 32.5 dm³/(m²?h) and brilliant green—from 45 to 99.99% and from 2.5 to 8.8 dm³/(m²?h) and they are determined not only by working pressure, but the structure of pyrocarbon too.     

Purification of cork processing wastewaters by ozone,by activated sludge,and by their two sequential applications

Wastewaters generated in the cork processing industry were treated in continuous reactors by means of single treatments separately-a chemical ozonation and an activated sludge system-and then by both sequential processes-ozonation followed by aerobic degradation, and aerobic degradation followed by ozonation. The removals obtained in the ozonation alone were 12-54%, 65-81%, and 55-89% for the COD, total phenolics, and absorbance at 254 nm, respectively, while the consumed ozone yield ranged from 40% to 61%, and the biodegradability (BOD(5)/COD) varied from an initial 0.60 to final values between 0.68 and 0.93. The optimum hydraulic retention time and ozone partial pressure were 3 h and 3 kPa, respectively. The stoichiometric ratio was 0.56 g of organic substrate degraded per g of ozone consumed, while the rate constants obtained for the ozone disappearance and for the organic matter degradation were 4490 L g COD(-1) h(-1) and 1970 L g O(3)(-1)h(-1) respectively. The presence of hydrogen peroxide or UV radiation in addition to ozone increased the values of organic matter removal as well as the stoichiometric ratio and the rate constants. The aerobic treatment by the activated sludge system yielded COD removals between 13% and 37% for hydraulic retention times between 24 and 96 h, and the Contois model gave values of q(max)=0.14 g COD g VSS(-1)h(-1) and K(1)=22.6 g COD g VSS(-1) for the main kinetic parameters. The sequential processes increased the substrate removal efficiencies in comparison with the individual processes. These enhancements were greater in the aerobic degradation-ozonation sequence than in the ozonation-aerobic degradation sequence.     

在突破中转型在创新中提升——新疆国统管道股份有限公司发展侧记

2010年年末,国内沪市、深市的绝大部分股票都处在震荡下行中,而"国统股份"却如"黑马"般蓄势而发,走出了波强势行情.年末,二级市场交易价格创下了35.51元的历史新高,引来众多投资机构和股民的青睐和关注.     

Diagnosis of a transmission main by means of transients caused by a pump switch-off

ABSTRACT

Transient analysis is a powerful tool for the diagnosis of pressurized pipeline systems, based on the comparison of pressure signals acquired during transients with the results of analytical or numerical models. In this paper the analysis of a transient caused by a pump switch-off is used for the diagnosis of a transmission main managed by Sicilia Acque s.p.a. The measured pressure signals are compared with the results of a frequency domain based numerical model simulating the occurrence of a singularity in the system. The shown results confirm that accidental but rather common functioning conditions of pumping systems, such as pump switch on and off, can be easily and effectively used for their diagnosis.     

锅炉烟气烘干污泥焚烧发电技术经济性分析

对利用热电厂锅炉烟气烘干污泥后,与工业固体废弃物掺混作为燃料焚烧发电的技术性进行了探讨。分析了利用热电厂锅炉烟气烘干污泥取得的经济效益。