海洋环境化学课程的教学改革探究

本文根据海洋环境化学教学的课程特点、专业培养目标及要求,从教学模式、教学内容、考核方式三个方面对该课程的教学改革进行了探讨。通过优化教学内容,主动跟踪《海洋环境化学》学科前沿,实现激发学生们学习、科研兴趣和潜力的目的。通过改革教学模式,改变传统学生被动接受知识的学习方式,让学生自主地提出问题并解决问题,加大教师与学生、学生与学生之间的交流沟通,促进教师对学生学习情况的了解。通过改进考核方式,激励学生对所学知识的活学活用,提高学生的自主创新能力。     

以知识应用为导向的结构化学实验课程模式改革

以知识应用为导向,对结构化学实验课程模式进行改革和实践。通过优化课程内容、构建多方位教学平台、提升学生主体地位和实行实验考核多元化,提高结构化学实验课程的教学效果,实现学生应用结构化学基本理论解决实际化学问题的能力,从而达到培养学生创新精神和综合能力的学科目标。     

《计算机在化学化工中的应用》课程的教学改革与探索

《计算机在化学化工中的应用》是化学化工专业的一门新课程。针对课程特点,结合在本课程中的教学实践,提出了教学内容、教学方法、教学手段以及考核方式的改革和创新,激发了学生的学习兴趣,提高了学生利用计算机技术解决化学化工领域中问题的能力。     

契合新工科教育理念的《机械工程材料》教学与评价机制改革

新工科建设对当代高等工程教育的内涵、教育理念和培养模式提出了新的要求。针对当今社会经济发展对多元化、创新型工程技术人才的实际要求及《机械工程材料》的课程特点,对教学和考核中存在的问题进行了改革和实践。在教学方面充分体现"教"和"学"、"实践"与"创新"的有机结合;在考核评价方面实行多元化、多角度的考核方式,重视学生的学习过程和综合能力评价,取得了良好的效果。     

化工原理课堂教学改革探索

作为化学工程与工艺的专业课程,化工原理课程在实现化学工业的可持续发展方面具有重要的意义。该课程的教学目前存在的理论教学和实践能力培养脱节,学生学习兴趣不高,课程实用度较低等问题。针对这些问题,我们提出了几点措施:从日常现象出发,逐步引入教学内容;结合身边实例,提高实践能力;及时归纳总结,掌握知识要点及采用多元化的考核方式。通过对课程教学的改革,激发了学生的学习兴趣,使学生在研究性教学中不断的培养工程思维,达到理论与实践的高度统一。     

精细化学品化学课程教学改革与实践

文章论述了精细化学品化学教学中培养学生的创新意识和综合应用知识的实践能力的重要性,阐述了精细化学品化学课程教学的改革与实践。在教学中通过充分调动学生的学习能动性,不断改革教学内容、教学方法及考试方式,从而提高教学效果和教学质量。     

“互联网+”时代化学反应工程的混合式教学探索

针对化学反应工程传统教学中存在的不足,结合"互联网+"时代混合式教学的有效性,对化学反应工程课程进行了混合式教学改革探索,提出了线上自学与线下研论结合——"以教为主"向"以学为主"转变、线上理论分析与线下实践结合——知识传授与能力培养并重、线上学习评价与线下学习评价结合——过程评价与结果评价全面考核等改革要点,旨在提高学生学习效率,促进学生知识的掌握和创新工程实践能力的发展。     

工程教育专业认证背景下化工设计课程教学创新与实践

为了解决传统化工设计课程教学中存在的重理论讲解轻实践应用、重教师讲授轻学生参与、重知识传授轻价值引领等问题,课程团队构建了“理实一体、虚实互补、课内课外、竞赛提升”的新课程体系;采用“专题式理论教学—项目式案例分析—开放式作业强化”的项目驱动式教学模式,结合虚拟仿真实验教学,激发学生的学习兴趣,提升学生的工程认知与实践技能;搭建教学与竞赛联合培养平台,提升学生的综合创新能力;实施多元化行程式考核方式,持续改进教学效果;结合实际工程案例,融合课程思政教育,提高课程育人效果。经过改革,学生的学习兴趣更加浓厚,工程设计能力和创新能力得到显著提升,课程改革成果获2019年安徽省教学成果特等奖。     

物理化学教学方法和考核体系的改革与实践

物理化学是化学化工类及相关专业的一门理论性强的专业基础课程。为丰富教学内容,激发学生学习兴趣,拓宽学生相关学科前沿知识面,加强学生学术素养培养,对物理化学课程的教学方法和考核体系进行了改革与实践,构建了"教学研究型"物理化学理论课程教学模式和注重过程评价的全方位、多元化课程考核体系,为进一步开展物理化学理论课程的教学改革奠定了十分重要的基础。     

《有机污染化学》课程教学改革与实践

根据环境科学与工程专业研究生创新人才培养目标,进行了《有机污染化学》硕士学位课程的教学改革与实践,将"成果导向教育"理念贯穿于整个教学实践中。以学生能力培养为核心,精心设计课程内容,紧扣学科前沿;改进教学方法,采用启发式教学、交互式教学、翻转课堂等方式,提高学习效果;改革考核方式,采用多层次、多元化考核评价方法,客观评价课程培养目标的达成度。《有机污染化学》教学新模式可为相关专业硕士学位课程的教学提供借鉴。     

Reactions in Stabilizer and Between Stabilizer and Nitrocellulose in Propellants

HPLC analysis of the stabilizer is one of the major methods in use for surveillance testing of diphenylamine (DPA) stabilized propellants. Often 0.2% DPA is used as a minimum content for safe propellants. In most cases the propellant can be stored much longer after this limit has been reached without any risk for self‐ignition. We report here about a reaction where DPA bonds to nitrocellulose, leaving a non extractable aromatic stabilizing compound left in the propellant, resulting in a longer time to autocatalysis than predicted. Diphenylnitramine is discussed as a possible intermediary compound occurring from the reaction between DPA and nitrocellulose. This should add to a better understanding of the degradation processes in propellants.     

中国台湾的催化和催化剂的研究开发

本文重点介绍了台湾省各大学和研究院所对催化及催化剂的教学。研究与开发方面动向,相关催化方面学科带头人的研究领域和主要成果,并给出大量参考文献。     

Designer enzyme and cell applications in industry and in environmental monitoring

Renewed world interest in enzyme biotechnological industries now derives from the expectation that many new biocatalysts will be created by genetic engineering associated with protein engineering designer techniques, or by chemical modification of existing enzymes by use of protein tailoring methods. The biocatalysts produced are mainly enzymes, abzymes (catalytic antibodies) and synthesis (synthetic analogues or mimics), and these will be used in industry, synthesis, therapy: and in bioanalysis of components of foodstuffs, and the environment including water, air and soil. The biocatalysts, including whole cells, are firstly incorporated into a particular bioreactor form by use of enzyme engineering techniques such as immobilization, and are then used, as appropriate, to modify their substrates. Improved processing or enhanced products are thereby achieved in the case of manufacturing industry: or monitoring signals are generated, often in the form of a measurable change in current flow, in the case of environmental biosensors. Designer enzymes and cells can be made now for identified applications where the presently available biocatalysts are inadequate, incompatible or uncompetitive.     

Differences in color naming and color salience in Vietnamese and English

The accepted model of color naming postulates that 11 “basic” color terms representing 11 common perceptual experiences show increased processing salience due to a theorized linkage between perception, visual neurophysiology, and cognition. We tested this theory, originally proposed by Berlin and Kay in 1969. Experiment 1 tested salience by comparing unconstrained color naming across two languages, English and Vietnamese. Results were compared with previous research by Berlin and Kay, Boynton and Olson, and colleagues. Experiment 2 validated our stimuli by comparing OSA, Munsell, and newly rendered “basic” exemplars using colorimetry and behavioral measures. Our results show that the relationship between the visual and verbal domains is more complex than current theory acknowledges. An interpoint distance model of color‐naming behavior is proposed as an alternative perspective on color‐naming universality and color‐category structure. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 28, 113–138, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/col.10131     

EZH2 Down-Regulation Exacerbates Lipid Accumulation and Inflammation in in Vitro and in Vivo NAFLD

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most prevalent, chronic liver diseases, worldwide. It is a multifactorial disease caused by complex interactions between genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors. Recently, several microRNAs, some of which epigenetically regulated, have been found to be up- and/or down-regulated during NAFLD development. However, in NAFLD, the essential role of the Polycomb Group protein Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2), which controls the epigenetic silencing of specific genes and/or microRNAs by trimethylating Lys27 on histone H3, still remains unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that the nuclear expression/activity of the EZH2 protein is down-regulated both in livers from NAFLD rats and in the free fatty acid-treated HepG2. The drop in EZH2 is inversely correlated with: (i) lipid accumulation; (ii) the expression of pro-inflammatory markers including TNF-α and TGF-β; and (iii) the expression of miR-200b and miR-155. Consistently, the pharmacological inhibition of EZH2 by 3-Deazaneplanocin A (DZNep) significantly reduces EZH2 expression/activity, while it increases lipid accumulation, inflammatory molecules and microRNAs. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that the defective activity of EZH2 can enhance the NAFLD development by favouring steatosis and the de-repression of the inflammatory genes and that of specific microRNAs.     

高效液相色谱法同时测定蔬菜及水果中的吲哚丁酸和萘乙酸

采用高效液相色谱法,以DiamonsilTMC1(8250mm×4.6mm,5μm)为色谱柱,甲醇∶水∶磷酸为60∶40∶0.35(pH值3~4)作为流动相,检测波长为272nm的条件下测定萘乙酸和吲哚丁酸含量,试验结果表明:在0～50.00mg.L-1范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r吲=0.9998,r萘=0.9998,最低检出浓度为0.025mg.L-1,试样在5.00、10.00、15.00mg.L-13个添加水平下的平均回收率在81.2%~99.4%之间,相对偏差在0.41%~1.61%之间,方法简便,准确。     

2003年我国水泥进出口形势及2004年展望

1 我国建材产品进出口形势 2003年上半年,国际经济在重重阻力下缓慢复苏,但美英联军发动的对伊战争以及三十几个国家和地区突然遭受非典疫情的袭击,给世界经济复苏增添了不确定因素。但从第三季度开始,世界不少国家,尤其是主要发达国家的经济表现明显好于上半年,     

Soluble and insoluble dietary fiber in cereals and legumes cultivated in Chile

Insoluble, soluble and total dietary fiber (DF) were determined in 35 varieties of certified whole seeds (without processing) of cereals (rice, oat, rye, and wheat) and legumes (pea, cowpea, beans, chikpea, lentil and lupine). The enzymatic method of Asp, Johansson and Siljestrom was used, with modifications in relation to time of incubation with alpha amylase, filtration system and volumes of the filtrates. Results were expressed as g/100 g dry weight. Total DF for cereals showed a range from 10.1 (wheat var. Chasqui) to 22.2 (rice var Quella). Rye, var. Tetra Baer and oats var. Pony Baer presented the highest soluble fiber content (3.3 and 3.9, respectively). In legumes, total DF fluctuated between 12.7 (pea, var. yellow) and 36.6 (lupine, var. Multolupa). Bean, var. Pinto INIA and lupine var. Multolupa presented the highest soluble fiber values (5.8 for both). Based on the results of this research work, it might be concluded that great variation exists in regard to the amount of total soluble and insoluble DF in cereals and legumes, a fact which impedes generalization as to its content in each food item.