基于模拟前端ADS1299的脑电信号采集系统

设计了一套脑电信号采集系统,能够便捷地采集人体脑电信号,具有体积小、精度高、简单易用的特点.系统包括硬件和软件两大部分,硬件部分主要由最新的24位模拟前端ADS1299和AVR单片机构成.系统能够采集8通道的脑电数据,通过USB转串口模块上传数据至上位机.软件部分使用Java编程实时显示与存储采集到的脑电信号,随后通过Matlab对采集到的脑电信号进行后续分析.实验结果显示:本系统能够精确显示出眼电波形,当被试者闭眼时,枕叶电极的α波段波形尤为明显.     

用于动物实验的经颅直流刺激仪研制

为优化经颅直流电刺激(tDCS)相关实验,提出了一种用于动物实验的tDCS仪的设计方案.设备具有直流电刺激及脑电(EEG)监测功能,采用单片机MSP430F2618作为控制器,利用蓝牙实现上、下位机间的通信.上位机通过LabVIEW平台搭建软件实现功能切换、控制刺激电流强度以及EEG波形显示及数据存储.研究可实现利用电刺激后采集的EEG数据分析实验动物的脑部活动,为tDCS动物实验提供了一种小型化、无线化设备.     

大脑琢波能量实时反馈调节的经穴磁刺激方法

针对现有电、磁刺激系统依靠患者主观感觉和医生经验对刺激参数进行调节的不足,提出了一种大脑α波能量反馈调节的经穴磁刺激方法。首先,利用磁刺激发生仪产生一定强度、频率、波形的刺激信号,通过喇叭状磁线圈刺激受试者内关穴;然后,利用16导联脑电仪采集大脑C3、C4、Cz、P3、P4、Pz导联脑电信号,并对其进行数字带通滤波和AR参数模型功率谱分析,计算大脑α波能量。最后,根据大脑α波能量值,获得经穴磁刺激反馈调节的数字指令,经单片机转化为控制指令,控制信号发生模块和功率放大模块进行磁刺激参数调节。实验结果表明,该方法可以优化经穴磁刺激输入方式,获得最佳的经穴磁刺激参数,从而改善大脑α波能量,促进脑瘫病人的神经系统恢复和自主康复训练。     

基于 STM32 的脑电信号采集系统设计

脑电信号包含大量的脑功能状态信息,已被广泛应用于脑神经疾病诊断、脑机接口、睡眠分期、麻醉深度监测等领域。脑电信号是幅度为微伏级的生物电信号,频率不超过 150 Hz,极易受到眼电、心电等信号干扰,因此,有效提取脑电信号是分析脑电信号的前提。文章设计了基于 STM32 的脑电信号采集系统,实现脑电信号的有效采集。通过贴在前额的三导联生物电极,将脑电信号感应至预处理电路,在前端模拟电路中对信号进行多级放大,并设计了无源滤波网络及多个有源滤波器对信号进行滤波和调理,同时加入电平抬升电路、电极连接状态检测电路。利用 12 位模数转换器将脑电信号转换为数字信号,并通过蓝牙模块传至上位机,实现脑电信号的有效提取与传输,为下一步处理分析提供基础。通过对比采集到的脑电信号和国外同类产品的输出,验证了该脑电采集系统的有效性。     

基于Android的脑电信号无线采集与分析系统设计

提出一种基于Android平台的脑电无线采集与警觉度监测终端的设计。采用Wi-Fi作为无线通信方案,以Android手机作为上位机,在手机上设计应用程序,通过手机应用程序可以方便地实现对采集设备的参数设置、无线连接、数据接收、波形显示、数据分析和文件存储。Android手机端通过Wi-Fi与下位机建立通信,实时接收Wi-Fi模块发送的脑电数据,绘成脑电图,并能通过手机端向下位机发送控制命令,再将基于极限学习机的脑电信号分类算法通过Java编码移植到手机内部,分析脑电信号所携带的警觉度信息。立足便携式脑电信号无线采集系统,在系统中加入基于Android系统的传输控制方法,并植入训练速度快、分类效果好的算法程序,为便携式脑电信号采集提供了一个新方案。     

基于主动干电极传感器的无线可穿戴脑电采集系统

为了减少脑电信号(EEG)采集系统的复杂性、实验前长时间繁琐的准备过程,以及改善采集系统的抗干扰性、可穿戴性和舒适性,设计了一种带有8通道主动干电极传感器的无线可穿戴脑电采集系统,具有24位ADC,109 dB信噪比,±500 mV/10 Hz的交流输入范围.实验结果表明:该系统和商业系统记录的脑电图波形之间的相关系数为0.89,增加了可穿戴无线采集系统的可靠性,改善穿戴的舒适性.采用该系统可实现脑电的静态记录和基于稳态视觉诱发(SSVEP)的脑-机接口(BCI)应用.     

结合运动想象疗法的经颅脉冲电刺激仪设计

运动想象疗法作为新兴的康复治疗手段,结合运动想象疗法设计经颅脉冲电刺激仪,使它们共同作用来改善运动能力。运动想象活动所激活的大脑区域与实际的肢体运动所导致激活的脑区在很大程度上有相似之处,通过查找自发脑电波中运动想象激活的运动学习相关的节律频率,确定经颅脉冲电刺激仪的输出频率。选择功耗较低的STM32单片机作为主控芯片,通过上位机控制输出刺激参数,并在上位机上显示参数信息。研制出来的经颅脉冲电刺激仪经过多次测试和验证,该刺激仪输出的电流可达0～2 m A,频率在0～1 kHz,调节精度在±2%,可以通过上位机设置电流参数和时间,下位机输出指定的脉冲电信号。具有良好的稳定性,也满足医疗设备的安全标准,达到了预期的设计。通过运动想象疗法和经颅脉冲电刺激的结合可以改善运动能力。     

脑电遥测监护系统的设计

脑电遥测监护系统由脑电采集发射器和脑电接收器组成。该系统在脑电采集发射器中选用了精密放大器OP777和仪表放大器AD8222实现了脑电信号的放大和滤波;采用微控制器C8051F320集成的USB2.0接口实现了脑电接收器与计算机之间的脑电数据传输。此外整套系统通过采用高集成度的无线收发芯片ADF7020使患者与网电源完全隔离,达到了医疗器械安全级别的要求。     

一款便携式脑电采集系统的设计与实现研究

针对脑电采集系统中存在的应用需求，设计一种基于STM32的便携式脑电采集系统。该系统采用3.7V聚合物锂电池供电，设计有信号采集处理模块、主控模块、无线通信模块和上位机显示，利用蓝牙2.0标准进行数据传输实现前额脑电信号的实时监测和专注度分析，具有携带便捷、功耗低、显示界面友好等特点。目前，该系统运行平稳应在脑电监测及诊断等领域具有一定的应用价值。     

脑电情感信号正确提取仿真

脑电信号是一种微伏级信号,从头皮上采集的脑电信号包含眼电信号、心电信号以及各种环境噪音。针对情感识别如何有效处理脑电信号的问题,本文首先对实验采集的脑电信号应用小波分析和独立分量分析进行预处理去除干扰;其次为了有效地提取脑电特征,应用幅值直方图、标准差在时域上定性地找出2种情感的脑电差异;最后应用功率谱对2种情感脑电的γ波节律进行谱分析。仿真实验结果表明,将脑电信号的γ波节律用于情感识别是可行的。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。