铸铁件消失模铸造对铁液温度的要求

介绍了采用消失模工艺铸造铸铁件提高浇注温度的原因,其中球铁浇注温度范围为:1380～1480℃,灰铸铁为1360～1420℃,合金铸铁(Cr系白口铁)为1380～1450℃;认为浇注温度过高容易引起粘砂、反喷、气孔等缺陷,浇注温度过低则易引起皱皮、冷隔等缺陷;提出了用消失模工艺生产灰铸铁、球墨铸铁、Cr系白口铸铁对铁液的调整要求。     

灰铸铁件表层石墨的球化

在铸型表面涂刷特种合金涂料，浇注普通灰铸铁成分４９铁水，可得到表层为球墨铸铁、其余主体为灰口铸铁冶金结合的球灰复合材料，表面球化层可达６ｍｍ以上。     

灰铸铁与蠕墨铸铁缸体缸盖铁液处理技术

综述了用作发动机缸体缸盖的低合金高强度灰铸铁和蠕墨铸铁的铁液处理技术.分析了合金灰铸铁的化学成分、金相组织和金属炉料对力学性能的影响,对熔炼温度和过热温度控制要点提出建议,并详细讨论了铁液过滤和各种孕育合金的优缺点;介绍用于蠕墨铸铁生产的亚球化和反球化蠕化处理方法,以及孕育方法、蠕化处理包的控制措施.     

球墨铸铁汽车齿轮水冷铜合金金属型铸造工艺

重点研究了铜合金金属型温度、浇注温度、浇注时间、铸件离型温度等工艺参数及铸件壁厚、泡沫陶瓷过滤器对铸件质量的影响，提出了汽车球铁齿轮水冷铜金属型铸造工艺参数的控制范围。     

准铸态工艺对贝氏体铸铁组织和性能的影响

试验研究了一定合金成分下，打箱温度、冷却介质、保温方式和保温时间等工艺因素对铸铁组织和性能影响规律。结果表明，在ＭｎＳｉＣｕＣｒ低合金化处理条件下，利用铸件浇注后的高温打箱、余热淬火及贝氏体转变温度下充分保温的准铸态工艺，可使球铁和灰铸铁基体组织稳定转变为奥贝组织为主的复相组织，并使铸铁力学性能大幅度提高。     

生产铸铁件用水冷铜合金金属型设计

提出了水冷铜合金金属型及浇注系统的设计应遵循的基本原则。设计制造了汽车球铁齿轮水冷铜合金金属型 ,并在生产现场进行了验证。结果表明 ,铁液充型平稳 ,铸件合格率可达 95 %。     

采用泡沫陶瓷过滤净化铁液工艺

论述了铁液过滤净化的作用和意义，分析了几种常用的金属液过滤元件的特点和效果，介绍了新研制的低烧结型莫来石质泡沫的主要性能，并对泡沫陶瓷净化灰铸铁、球铁和合金铸铁进行了应用研究。结果表明：泡沫陶瓷过滤工艺的净化效果最优。低温烧结型莫来石质泡沫陶瓷不仅性价比高，而且能显著改善铁液纯净度，提高铸铁力学性能。     

1983年1-6期总目录

铸二造关于39。柴油机球铁缸盖铸趁工艺总结炯一石墨复合材料殆i丢土乞辣讨利用计测技术检查铸造缺陷的方法用图解法确定铸铁变质处趣时的耗Mg贫含有被的Cu和Ni基铸造合金 金属型铸造球墨铸铁件的化学成分 稀土硅钙系蠕墨铸铁全相分析 ZL104热处理过烧组织的金相检验。 砂型铸造薄璧异形管工装设计中的两项工艺补正t 饥在铸铁中的作用~~一一一一一气朴今‘~一一一-一一-一 AI一51共晶合金长效变质剂一JDsB一1双色变质块的研制 英德劳氏船级社(LR及GL)裸旋浆用铜合金的试制熔炼论证及认可 姗虫状铸铁石墨形状的定量化2 有色金属浇注用…     

影响针状组织铸铁的因素研究

通过向灰铸铁中加入一定量的Mo、Cu等合金元素,并调整孕育剂的类型及其在铁液中的含量,同时调整浇注温度、冷却时间、落砂时间等工艺措施来控制针状组织铸铁的生成。研究了合金元素和工艺参数对针状组织铸铁金相组织和力学性能的影响,使得针状组织铸铁成功应用于斜楔产品。     

铸铁件金属型铸造用铜合金金属型研究

介绍了铸铁件水冷铜合金金属型机械化高效率铸造生产工艺;系统研究了铸铁件铸造用金属型材质,开发出热导率高、综合性能优良的金属型用铬锆镁铜合金;系统研究了铸铁件铸造用水冷铜金属型设计,提出了水冷铜金属型设计和水冷铜金属型浇注系统设计的基本原则;设计制造了汽车球铁齿轮水冷铜合金金属型,并在生产线中进行试生产;结果表明,铁液充型平稳,铸件合格率达95%,水冷铜金属型使用寿命将超过10×105模次.     

Foundry technology and its applications of ductile iron castings produced by water-cooled copper alloy mold

The high efficiency mechanized foundry technology of castings produced by using water-cooled copper alloy permanent mold has been systematically studied. Through the researching a Cu-Cr-Mg alloy with high conductivity and good combined mechanical properties used for making permanent mold was developed, and the basic design principles of the water-cooled permanent mold along with the control-range of relevant foundry processing parameters were also established.A cast production line equipped with water-cooled copper alloy mold was designed and fabricated for production of ductile iron automobile gear castings. This production line can consistently make automobile gear castings in QT500-15 and QT600-5 (Chinese Standard) grades of ductile iron with up to 95 % casting success rate.     

日本铜合金金属型生产铸铁件状况

铸铁件金属型铸造技术已在工业发达国家得到应用，铜合金金属型生产铸铁件在日本得到很快发展。本文介绍了铜合金金属型的特点及其对所生产的球墨铸铁件、灰铸铁件性能的影响；比较详细地介绍了日本铜合金金属型生产铸铁件的状况。     

奥氏体等温转变铸铁研究的新进展

综述了奥氏体等温转交铸铁的最新研究成果。阐述了球墨铸铁奥氏体等温转变的最新理论及高碳奥氏体的稳定性,论述了化学成分及形变对奥氏体等温转变过程的影响,概述了奥氏体等温转变灰铸铁、蠕墨铸铁及可锻铸铁的热处理工艺特点、性能及其应用。     

高强度D型石墨铸铁的研究进展

综述了灰铸铁中产生D型石墨的原因，D型石墨对灰铸铁性能的影响以及D型石墨灰铸铁的应用。国内外的研究表明：深过冷，在灰铸铁中加入提高过冷度的合金元素（钛，铝，锑，碲，稀土元素等）或者二者的结合都会促进生成D型石墨；D型石墨灰铸铁具有较高的强度，较好的抗氧化性，抗生长性，抗热疲劳性和耐磨性；D型石墨灰铸铁已经广泛用于生产玻璃模具，压缩机缸体，压缩机曲轴等铸件。笔者还介绍了采用钒钛生铁生产的D型石墨合金铸铁凸轮轴的性能特点及其应用情况。     

合成铸铁在轮类铸件生产中的应用

采用中频感应电炉熔炼和合成铸铁工艺生产HT200和HT250牌号灰铸铁,并对其力学性能和金相组织进行了统计。与传统灰铸铁生产工艺相比,合成铸铁工艺不仅降低了生产成本,而且可以改善灰铸铁的力学性能。     

Structure and Property Studies on Austempered and As-Cast Ausferritic Gray Cast Irons

A high-strength and wear-resistant alloyed gray iron with ausferritic microstructure on solidification directly from molten condition could be made in a Ni and Mo alloyed gray cast iron. The as-cast ausferritic cast iron was compared with two conventionally austempered gray iron with and without Ni and Mo additions. The various phase constitution and volume fractions were analyzed using optical, SEM and XRD analyses. The various aspects of the alloy chemistry and processing conditions have been correlated with the microstructure and mechanical properties obtained. The analysis showed that the Ni-Mo alloyed austempered gray iron and the directly as-cast austempered gray iron had similar phase constitutions. The strength of the direct as-cast alloy with ausferritic microstructure was higher than the others due to its higher austenite content and carbide distribution. The wear rate of the conventionally austempered Ni and Mo containing alloy and direct as-cast ausferritic alloys is 20% of the austempered gray iron without Ni and Mo with friction coefficient less than 0.4.     

C、Si、Mn、Cu对中锰球墨铸铁组织和性能的影响

应用湿砂铸型浇注中锰球墨铸铁,采用正交设计研究了C、Si、Mn、Cu对中锰球墨铸铁组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,中锰球墨铸铁的铸态组织为奥氏体＋碳化物＋球状石墨,扫描照片中可见有大量细小均匀的韧窝。中碳、高硅、中锰和低铜有利于提高中锰球墨铸铁的硬度;低碳、高硅、中锰和中铜有利于提高其冲击韧度;低碳、中硅、低锰和低铜有利于提高其耐磨性。新开发的中锰球墨铸铁的硬度、冲击韧度和耐磨性远高于目前生产排沙潜水泵过流部件中所使用材料的各项性能,使用寿命是其2倍左右。     

六十年来我国铸铁材料的发展

我国是铸造生产大国,2010年铸件年产量已近4 000万吨,连续11年位居世界首位.铸造新材料,新技术不断得到推广和应用,铸件质量逐渐提高,我国的铸造业正在向铸造强国挺进.本文简要论述了铸铁材料的发展历程、现状以及未来发展趋势.详细介绍了我国在灰铸铁、球墨铸铁、等温淬火球墨铸铁(ADI)、蠕墨铸铁、可锻铸铁以及特种性能铸铁方面的发展及应用情况,并指出了未来的发展方向.     

制动盘用高碳当量灰铸铁的铌合金化

研究了微合金元素铌对剁车盘用亚共晶和过共晶两种高碳当量灰铸铁组织和性能的影响.结果表明,添加0.10%左右的Nb,可以细化高碳当量灰铸铁中片状石墨;材料的硬度、楔压强度随之提高,且抗热裂性明显提高.     

Effects of nickel and processing variables on the mechanical properties of austempered ductile irons

This study investigates the effects of inoculation techniques, ingate numbers and raw materials on the mechanical properties of ADIs. Five batches of base ductile irons (DI1-DI5) were poured to produce stepped plate castings following designated processing variables. DI1 and DI2 were used to compare the effect of raw materials on the sulphur content of irons and the resulting properties. DI1 and DI4 were produced in order to study the effect of nickel; DI3 and DI5 were poured to evaluate the effect of ingate numbers; DI4 and DI5 were poured to study the effect of inoculation techniques. Effects of these variables on the mechanical properties and microstructures of as-cast and austempered ductile irons (ADIs) were evaluated respectively.

Using a given magnesium content (0.033–0.047 wt%), ADIs with a high percentage of sulphur, in the range of 0.004–0.02 wt%, developed a higher percentage elongation. ADIs alloyed with 0.48 wt% Cu, 0.46 wt% Ni and a minimum level of sulphur (0.004 wt%) produced a lower degree of deviation in strength, elongation and impact energy but showed the greatest deviation in the tested hardness of the stepped plate castings. Stream inoculation improved the nodule counts and nodularity of base ductile irons but also introduced dross and/or unreacted inoculant within the stepped plate casting. This was detrimental to the tested elongation of ADIs taken from the stepped plate casting. Two-step austempering treatment could significantly improve the tested elongation of ADIs without significantly affecting the developed strength.