基于荧光强度比值法可用于现场测量的低成本聚合物光纤温度传感器（英文）

基于荧光强度比值法,设计了一种使用两种荧光染料的光纤温度传感器.实验中,罗丹明B和罗丹明110分别为对温度敏感和对温度不敏感的荧光传感物质,利用聚合物光纤来传导激发光及接收荧光.由于两种染料的荧光谱峰相距60nm,因此容易将二者对应的荧光谱分开.通过确定能代表两种染料的最优荧光光谱范围,获得具有良好线性度的温度-荧光强度标定曲线.实验研究了不同浓度的荧光染料对标定曲线的影响,当染料浓度为0.3g/L时,可获得0.28℃的最小均方误差及0.0128/℃的灵敏度.此外,该传感器还具备一定的抗光源扰动和抗荧光染料漂白的能力.     

微流芯片中消逝波激励的荧光辐射特性研究

将石英裸光纤植入聚二甲基硅氧烷基片的微流道中,采用沿光纤轴向光抽运、消逝场激励染料分子的方式,在基片微流道中获得均匀的荧光辐射.实验发现,荧光辐射的强度随光纤轴向距离的增加而衰减,光纤包层溶液折射率越大,荧光沿光纤轴向的衰减越突出;包层溶液中染料浓度越大,荧光沿光纤轴向的衰减也越突出;通过选择适当的包层溶液折射率以及染料浓度可以获得沿光纤轴向接近均匀的荧光辐射.用消逝波激励荧光的辐射理论计算了荧光光强沿光纤轴向的变化,计算结果与实验符合较好.在此基础上,设计并制作了一种具有三个通道的聚二甲基硅氧烷基片,通过在三个微流道中分别注入染料浓度均为0.1 mmol的罗丹明640、罗丹明B及罗丹明6 G的乙醇染料溶液,采用沿光纤轴向消逝波光激励方式,在一块聚二甲基硅氧烷基片上同时实现了三个不同波段的荧光辐射.     

染料掺杂液晶可调谐光纤荧光光源的研究

本文提出了染料掺杂液晶填充空心光纤构造荧光可调谐光源.基于染料分子能级结构理论分析B4400荧光光谱依赖温度的变化特性,采用脉宽8 ns,波长为532 nm YAG倍频脉冲激光器抽运,向列相液晶作基体,实验分析染料B4400掺杂液晶填充空心光纤荧光光谱选择性荧光放大规律及温度调谐特性.结果表明:通过控制染料浓度可控制荧光输出功率水平;当温度升高时,中心波长发生红移,中心波长调谐范围为590—605 nm;荧光谱宽呈单调展宽,调制范围为228—236 nm;染料掺杂液晶填充空心光纤荧光光源可实现一定范围内的温度调谐.     

电气设备中远距离荧光测温技术研究

为了实现对高压电气设备的非接触温度监控,设计了中远距离(0~1.5m)非接触荧光光纤测温系统.该系统利用稀土荧光材料的荧光温度特性,通过测量物体表面荧光物质的受激荧光寿命获得物体的温度信息;通过增加聚光透镜和聚光锥罩,提高探测器接收到的光能量.实验获得荧光强度曲线及被测对象温度,实现了对温度的非接触实时测量,测量误差低于1℃,满足高压电气设备的非接触温度监控要求.     

荧光光纤光栅传感特性的实验研究

在载氢掺铒光纤上写入Bragg光纤光栅,得到新型光子学器件-荧光光纤光栅.分别对其Bragg波长（λB）及荧光寿命（τ）的温度（T）及应变（ε）响应特性进行了实验研究,并且给出了λB和τ分别关于（T,ε）的拟合方程.实验结果表明：荧光光纤光栅的λB对T和ε的响应具备一般Bragg光纤光栅的优良特性,测得温度灵敏度为11.1pm /℃,应变灵敏度为1.19pm/με;而且τ对T和ε的响应也具有良好的线性关系,温度灵敏度为0.59 μs/℃,应变灵敏度为6.16 ns/με.实验结论为解决温度应力交叉敏感、实现温度应力的同时监测提供一条新颖的途径.     

染料分子吸附在正、负电性纳米银上的荧光增强及荧光猝灭现象

制备了两种不同表面电性的胶态纳米银 ,选取阴离子型染料分子荧光素钠、既有阴离子基团又有阳离子的染料分子罗丹明B ,研究其在两种纳米银表面的荧光增强及荧光猝灭现象 .当罗丹明B(RhB)分子分别吸附在这两种纳米银上时 ,对负电性纳米银 ,观察到荧光猝灭、荧光峰红移现象 ,且在分子的浓度适当时 ,加入KBr可获得较强的表面增强拉曼光谱 ;在正电性纳米银上 ,当分子的浓度较大时观察到荧光猝灭 ,当分子的浓度较小时观察到荧光增强 .而当荧光素钠分子 (FS)分别吸附在这两种纳米银上时 ,在负电性纳米银 ,观察到荧光猝灭 ;在正电性纳米银上观察荧光急剧增强现象 .从分子的结构及纳米银表面局域场增强或无辐射通道的增加对增强和猝灭的原因作了讨论 .     

高功率掺镱光纤放大器中频率上转换发光现象的研究

建立了半导体抽运的高功率掺镱双包层光纤放大器实验系统,对放大器中的频率上转换发光现象进行了理论和实验研究,分析认为实验中由光纤侧面和两端观测到的绿色荧光是处于激发态的Yb2 相互作用,同时湮没而产生的合作荧光.分别对光纤放大器信号端和抽运端输出的荧光谱进行了测量.将实验谱线与理论计算得到的合作发光谱进行了对比分析.研究了信号光和放大自发辐射对上转换发光的影响,根据速率方程推导出荧光强度与抽运功率之问的理论关系表达式,同时通过实验获得了荧光强度与抽运功率的关系曲线.     

染料掺杂聚合物光纤的荧光及其光谱下转换性质

为了拓展染料掺杂聚合物光纤的应用范围,利用甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)单体合成了掺有Coumarin540和Rhodamine 6G两种激光染料的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)聚合物玻璃棒,并将其拉制成直径约1 000μm的聚合物光纤。以市售LED灯为光源,在侧向照明和前端照明两种条件下分别研究了染料掺杂的聚合物光纤中染料的荧光、荧光传输损耗以及光纤的光谱下转换等性质。两种染料的Stokes波长红移幅度分别达到70 nm和50 nm。在掺杂浓度分别为0.01 mg/g和0.04 mg/g时,侧向照明条件下测得两种光纤分别对520nm和577 nm的荧光的传输损耗为0.336 cm-1和0.343 cm-1。在前端照明条件下,在光纤输出端获得了较高下转换效率的光谱输出,其转换效率与染料掺杂浓度和光纤长度有关。这种染料掺杂的聚合物光纤有可能与石英玻璃光纤耦合,对其所传输的光进行光谱下转换的光频调控以更好地满足不同的应用需求。     

光纤回音壁模式的三波段激光辐射研究

将石英光纤浸入低折射率的激光染料溶液中构成圆柱形微腔.采用沿光纤轴向光抽运的消逝波激励增益方式,获得了沿光纤轴向长距离的激光染料增益,受激辐射光在圆柱形微腔中回音壁模式的支持下形成激光振荡.在直径为288 μm的同一根光纤外分三段分别填入罗丹明6G、罗丹明610和罗丹明640激光染料乙二醇溶液,实现了波长分别在567～575 nm、605～614 nm和656～666 nm三个不同波段的回音壁模式激光振荡,用一根光纤同时获得了红、橙、黄三种不同颜色的激光辐射.对实验所获得的回音壁模式激光光谱做了模式标定,依据标定的模式数计算了各种模式以及抽运光在光纤截面的强度分布.计算结果表明,激光增益区域总是局限在圆柱形微腔回音壁模式的模场区域内,由此可以显著地提高抽运效率,增加抽运光沿光纤轴向的增益长度.     

光纤面板窗多碱光电阴极荧光谱特性研究

论述了光致荧光的特点以及微光像增强器多碱光电阴极光致荧光的测量原理, 测量了光纤面板输入窗多碱光电阴极的荧光谱. 测试结果表明, 光纤面板窗的多碱阴极的荧光谱不是一条光滑的高斯型曲线, 而是在一条高斯型曲线上叠加了一些小的干涉峰的曲线. 原因是光纤面板窗所传输的荧光中, 有两束特殊的光线. 一束光为准直光, 另一束光为入射角刚好等于全反射临界角的反射光. 这两束光具有固定的相位差或光程. 当这两束光的相位差相差λ的整数倍时, 它们将干涉并产生干涉加强峰;当这两束光的相位差相差1/2λ的奇数倍时, 它们将干涉并产生干涉减弱峰. 如果在荧光谱的峰值波长处刚好产生干涉加强峰, 那么所测量的峰值荧光强度较其固有的峰值荧光强度要高; 反之, 如果在荧光谱的峰值波长处刚好出现干涉减弱峰, 那么所测量的荧光强度就小于其固有的荧光强度. 另外由于受到干涉的影响, 荧光曲线半峰宽也不能精确确定,所以在分析光纤面板窗光电阴极的荧光谱时, 要考虑到干涉因素的影响.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Research on beamforming method for dual-line array with space mismatch between the two line arrays

The performance of port/starboard discrimination of dual-line array will be seriously degraded when the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. The directivity function of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is deduced and the port/starboard discrimination of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is also studied both under the ideal status and the status under which the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. Analysis results show the delay-subtract beamforming has better performance of port/starboard discrimination. At last, the sea trial results demonstrate the theoretical results.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Retrieval of ultraviolet skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities from balloon-borne limb spectrometer

With a novel light-weight and absolutely calibrated ultraviolet （UV） spectrometer, UV skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities are measured by balloon-borne limb measurements in Xinjiang area, China. UV skylight radiances measured at the height of 31 km are compared with the results from Modtran in the wavelength range from 290 to 420 nm. O3 slant column densities are derived from radiance spectra in the Huggins bands （320 - 335 nm） using differential optical absorption spectroscopy method. And the parameter exhibits a good correlation with the same value simulated by radiative transfer model （Tracy）. The O3 profile simultaneously measured by an O3 sonde is used as input in Tracy calculations. The O3 sonde is launched on the same balloon.     

Design optimization of highly sensitive LSPR enhanced surface plasmon resonance biosensors with nanoholes

For breaking through the sensitivity limitation of conventional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors, novel highly sensitive SPR biosensors with Au nanoparticles and nanogratings enhancement have been proposed recently.But in practice, these structures have obvious disadvantages.In this study, a nanohole based sensitivity enhancement SPR biosensor is proposed and the influence of different structural parameters on the performance is investigated by using rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA).Electromagnetic field distributions around the nanohole are also given out to directly explain the performance difference for various structural parameters.The results indicate that significant sensitivity increase is associated with localized surface plasmons (LSPs) excitation mediated by nanoholes.Except to outcome the weakness of other LSP based biosensors, larger resonance angle shift, reflectance amplitude, and sharper SPR curves' width are obtained simultaneously under optimized structural parameters.     

Polymer gratings based on photopolymerization for low-order distributed feedback polymer lasers

Novel polymer distributed feedback(DFB)gratings are fabricated based on photopolymerization to reduce lasing threshold of polymer lasers.A photopolymer formulation sensitive to 355-nm ultraviolet(UV)light is proposed for the fabrication of polymer gratings and it can be used to form polymer films by spin-coating process.A very low surface-relief depth ranging from 12.5 to about 1.0 nm has been demonstrated with a refractive-index modulation of about 0.012.The experimental results indicate that such polymer gratings have promising potentials for the fabrication of low-order DFB organic semiconductor lasers.     

A novel methodology for photometric compensation of projection display on patterned screen

We propose a novel methodology based on the projector-camera (ProCam) system to address the photometric compensation issue for the projection display on the patterned screen.The patterned screen is treated as the combination of a perfect white screen and a color modulator.The perfect white screen is used to automatically and accurately characterize the ProCam system offline using the polynomial model,and the parameters of the color modulator can be efficiently recovered by employing only two gray images based on the linear reflectance model.The experimental results show that the color artifacts of the display image can be greatly improved with this methodology,which demonstrates its feasibility and validity in the photometric compensation.