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运动性肌肉疲劳是日常生活中常见的肌肉疲劳现象,相关研究在人类工效学、康复医学和体育科学等领域有着广泛的应用。本文系统总结了肌肉疲劳的主观感受和表面肌电信号特征的客观变化及其关系,首先介绍了动态运动和静态运动诱发肌肉疲劳的表面肌电(Surface electromyography,SEMG)信号特征变化的最新研究成果,随后介绍了疲劳过程中负荷水平、年龄、性别、人群等对主观感受变化的影响,并对主客观指标间的关系进行了梳理,最后对未来建立更精确的肌肉疲劳度评价体系进行了展望。 相似文献
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面向轨道装备的可视化人因综合仿真分析平台研究 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
目的提出一个集研究作业人员行为、作业设备和作业环境于一体的可视化人因综合仿真分析平台,为轨道装备设计方案提供直观可视、可重复的人体工程学评估手段。方法通过研究分析行为观察系统、运动捕捉系统、肌电测试系统、JACK虚拟人仿真系统和CAD设计及建模系统的功能及匹配性,构建能将真人作业虚拟化,能对虚拟动素进行评估,能对设计方案进行可视化人因适配分析,能生成虚拟人作业数据等功能的可视化人因综合仿真分析平台,并用案例论证了该平台的有效性。结论该平台适合用于轨道车辆、一些大型装备及相关工作空间设计方案的人体工效学评估。 相似文献
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目的 从神经人因学的视角出发,探讨双人协作任务中协作绩效的神经生理机制及其影响和促进.方法 采用文献调研和分析方法,分别对神经人因学、神经工效、人机交互、脑机接口等不同领域的相关文献进行了分析,首先系统梳理了神经人因学领域中双人协作任务中绩效的研究技术和方法;其次探讨了神经人因学视角下,协作任务中的绩效表现及其神经机制;再次在此基础上探讨了协作绩效的影响因素及如何增强和促进问题;最后总结了下一步神经人因学领域协作绩效研究如何在未来智能人机交互领域应用.结论 神经人因学视角下,双人协作任务中协作绩效的研究有助于理解人机协同作业或人机组队操作中,操作者之间的人际表征对协同、组队操作的影响作用,研究成果可直接应用于协同作业系统的设计和优化,特别是未来智能时代人机组队的设计和优化,满足众多复杂的人机系统协同作业设计的需求,为建立自然高效协同作业的交互模式提供科学依据. 相似文献
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神经工效学已成为人因素/工效学研究的新取向。文章对近十余年的相关文献进行归纳整理,结合当前认知神经科学研究的新成果,全面详尽地论述了神经工效学产生的理论背景、主要的研究方法和相关领域的研究现状,并对未来研究的趋势进行展望。 相似文献
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Knowledge discovery in ergonomics is complicated by the presence of missing data, because most methodologies do not tolerate incomplete sample instances. Data-miners cannot always remove sample instances when they occur. Imputation methods are needed to ‘fill in’ estimated values for the missing instances in order to construct a complete dataset. Even with emerging methodologies, the ergonomics field seems to rely on outdated imputation techniques. This survey presents an overview of a variety of imputation methods found in current academic research, which is not limited to ergonomic studies. The objective is to strengthen the communities’ understanding of imputation methodologies and briefly highlight their benefits and limitations. This survey suggests that the multiple imputation method is the current state-of-the-art missing value technique. This method has proven to be robust to many of the shortcomings that plague other methods and should be considered the primary choice for missing value problems found in ergonomic studies. 相似文献
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The challenges confronting the multi-disciplinary human factors and ergonomics profession are rapidly growing as the pace of technological change redefines the way in which people interact with each other at work and at play. Areas such as human-computer interaction, cognitive ergonomics and information technology management are booming. Calls for greater influence on designing for teams and other large groups of people, i.e. macroergonomics are growing rapidly. All the while, physical ergonomics (e.g. occupational biomechanics, manual materials handling) continues to be a strong focus in the US and around the world. To keep pace with these challenges, each human factors professional should understand the history of the field, remember the complexity of the 'user' and be able to see how their efforts unify and expand the ergonomics discipline. This paper reviews the development of the ergonomics paradigm, explores the challenges confronting the ergonomics discipline and presents ways in which those challenges may be addressed using methodologies familiar to human factors practitioners and researchers. 相似文献
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目的 从符号修辞学的视角出发,采用一种结合观察法和特征点列举法的联合创新方法,以文化办公用品为本体,吉祥符号为喻体进行设计,旨在探索产品设计类型领域的新思路。方法 设计流程分为3个阶段,包含观察、列举和联结。通过文献研究、实地考察等方法,对喻体与本体进行类别统计、归纳、分类,并结合观察法从人机工程学的人、机、环境三大系统出发,对吉祥符号和文化办公用品进行文本记录。使用特征点列举法列出记录的事物特征。提取事物关键符号并针对性地结合设计中常用的5种符号修辞方法,包括明喻、隐喻、转喻、提喻和讽喻,进行符号修辞格类型的文本编写和符号联结。结论 以设计案例证实,并结合几种方法的联合创新,具有显著的可操作性和应用效果,能够帮助设计师在分类的系统关系中选取符号,辅助设计师进行产品的创新设计。 相似文献
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Pattern analysis for machine olfaction: a review 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Pattern analysis constitutes a critical building block in the development of gas sensor array instruments capable of detecting, identifying, and measuring volatile compounds, a technology that has been proposed as an artificial substitute for the human olfactory system. The successful design of a pattern analysis system for machine olfaction requires a careful consideration of the various issues involved in processing multivariate data: signal-preprocessing, feature extraction, feature selection, classification, regression, clustering, and validation. A considerable number of methods from statistical pattern recognition, neural networks, chemometrics, machine learning, and biological cybernetics have been used to process electronic nose data. The objective of this review paper is to provide a summary and guidelines for using the most widely used pattern analysis techniques, as well as to identify research directions that are at the frontier of sensor-based machine olfaction. 相似文献
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Milos Mravik T. Vetriselvi K. Venkatachalam Marko Sarac Nebojsa Bacanin Sasa Adamovic 《计算机、材料和连续体(英文)》2022,71(1):457-471
At present, the prevalence of diabetes is increasing because the human body cannot metabolize the glucose level. Accurate prediction of diabetes patients is an important research area. Many researchers have proposed techniques to predict this disease through data mining and machine learning methods. In prediction, feature selection is a key concept in preprocessing. Thus, the features that are relevant to the disease are used for prediction. This condition improves the prediction accuracy. Selecting the right features in the whole feature set is a complicated process, and many researchers are concentrating on it to produce a predictive model with high accuracy. In this work, a wrapper-based feature selection method called recursive feature elimination is combined with ridge regression (L2) to form a hybrid L2 regulated feature selection algorithm for overcoming the overfitting problem of data set. Overfitting is a major problem in feature selection, where the new data are unfit to the model because the training data are small. Ridge regression is mainly used to overcome the overfitting problem. The features are selected by using the proposed feature selection method, and random forest classifier is used to classify the data on the basis of the selected features. This work uses the Pima Indians Diabetes data set, and the evaluated results are compared with the existing algorithms to prove the accuracy of the proposed algorithm. The accuracy of the proposed algorithm in predicting diabetes is 100%, and its area under the curve is 97%. The proposed algorithm outperforms existing algorithms. 相似文献
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随着物联网、CPS、大数据等技术的出现和发展,生产制造、航空驾驶、安全监控等工业系统已进入第四次工业革命的智能转型升级。目的 工业系统的智能交互模式与人因工效是人机协同共生的关键核心问题。方法 从工业制造的智能化转型、航空航天的人机协同、核电安全智能监控等多个重大行业背景出发,分析人—信息—物理系统智能交互的发展趋势;剖析工业智能背景下国内外人因工效测评技术、评价模型及多源指标关联性研究进展;梳理智能化工业系统的信息表征发展趋势及多通道交互研究方法。结论 从国内外研究综述表明,需要从多学科交叉融通的角度构建智能化工业系统的人机交互研究体系,这将极大地改善系统中的人(任务执行者)获取信息、知识推理、判断决策的认知绩效,达成智能交互的人机物闭环,实现人(自然人、机器人)、信息系统、物理系统的充分感知融合,即人机协同共生模式。 相似文献
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David Meister 《Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science》2013,14(1):13-21
The purpose of this paper is to suggest a number of critical theoretical issues which revolve around the relationship of the human with technology. This has two aspects: (1) the human response to already developed technology (general ergonomics); and (2) the application of ergonomics principles and data to system design (developmental ergonomics). Ergonomics research which does not focus on the human/technology relationship has little to offer ergonomics. That research must also be directed to the problem of transforming behavioural principles into their physical equivalents. 相似文献
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目的 通过构建一个多维的人因工程学方法适应性分析模型,为人因工程领域研究人员在繁多的人因工程学方法中确定合适的方法解决工程和设计问题提供思路与指导.方法 调研人因工程学方法,构建了一个包含十一个大类76种人因工程学方法的方法集,然后从研究对象、信效度、资源成本以及时间成本四个维度对人因工程学方法的遴选过程展开分析,探讨了适应性分析模型各维度在应用过程中不同分析顺序、不同等级设定级别等对适应性分析的影响,通过案例探讨了该适应性分析方法在实际工作中的应用.结论 人因工程学方法适应性分析方法可以针对目标分析场景有效地筛选出合适的人因工程学研究方法,本方法具有简约直观的特点,在应用中不需要大量的计算,可以为人因工程学方法适应性分析提供方法筛选的思路. 相似文献