高含盐废水热力法处理技术的综述与优选

随着国家工业不断发展,工业废水排放量逐步提高。其中高盐废水成分复杂、腐蚀性强、易结垢,同时还要考虑无机盐回收等问题,处理难度大。对比介绍了目前高盐废水主要处理技术,重点分析对比了包括多效蒸发法、机械蒸汽再压缩法和多级闪蒸法的3种热力法处理技术,得出耦合生物法、膜法或热力法等多种处理技术能够增加处理高盐废水的彻底性与效率的结论。考虑到蒸发法处理废水会加剧碳排放,从碳中和角度考虑,讨论了引入可再生能源和蒸发冷却节能技术耦合热力法处理废水的可行性,并对系统智能化控制做出展望。     

冷冻浓缩法处理高盐废水的研究进展

工业生产过程产生大量高盐废水，水质成分复杂，含有大量Na⁺、Cl^-、SO₄^2-等盐离子及有毒物。传统高盐废水处理技术仍存在效率低、运行成本高的特点，冷冻浓缩作为一种高效清洁且无二次污染的处理技术而得到广泛关注，但冷冻浓缩所制备的冰晶存在杂质是当前亟待解决的问题。总结了近年来冷冻浓缩技术在高盐废水处理领域的研究进展。对冷冻时间、冷冻温度、初始溶液浓度等关键参数进行研究；通过浸泡、重力、加水等净化方法对杂质冰晶进行净化；为了加快脱盐进程和提高脱盐效果，探究了成核剂和超声波辅助冷冻浓缩的方法，并对冷冻浓缩技术的能耗进行了经济性分析；最后对技术发展进行了总结和展望，以期对冷冻浓缩处理高盐废水的发展和实践提供一定的参考。     

RH-2缓蚀阻垢剂在烷基化表面蒸发空冷2008年应用研究

分析了烷基化装置表面蒸发空冷容易结垢,故而造成垢下腐蚀的问题.并根据表面蒸发空冷的特点,对表面蒸发空冷采用注入RH-2缓蚀阻垢剂来进行防腐和缓蚀阻垢.介绍了E-2、E-6注入RH-2缓蚀阻垢剂后的设备防腐情况和技术研究.     

ZX型阻垢剂对食盐电解液蒸发过程的阻垢作用

首次用快速结垢试验研究了高温压煮后的ＺＸ型阻垢剂对食盐电解液蒸发过程的阻垢性能．结果表明，经过１５０℃高温压煮的ＺＸ型阻垢剂对食盐电解液蒸发过程具有明显的阻垢作用，其中以ＺＸⅢ型阻垢剂的阻垢效果最好，阻垢率达８８．３％．最后从理论上分析了ＺＸ型阻垢剂的阻垢机理．     

制药废水处理方法概述

随着医药行业不断发展,制药废水带来的环境问题也愈来愈严重.制药废水一般呈现成份复杂、COD、BOD5、TOC等值过高、色度深和难降解等特点,因此,废水处理一直是制药行业的一大难题.文章概括了目前国内外处理制药废水所应用的物化法、化学法、生物法以及组合工艺技术,对各种处理方法的应用特点及其处理效果进行了论述,指出了制药废水处理技术目前存在的问题,不断研究新工艺和探索新型、高效的工艺组合将是未来制药废水处理技术的发展方向.     

脱硫废水低温热法浓缩减量技术研究

<正>引言现有脱硫废水"浓缩减量"工艺主要包括膜法减量和热法减量。其中膜法减量技术预处理要求高,特别是对悬浮物、浊度、结垢性离子要求严格;需采用多级软化预处理、流程较长;且存在膜易结垢和污堵问题。系统复杂,操作难度大,运行稳定性差,投资和运行成本高昂。现有热法浓缩技术低温多效蒸发技术(MED)、机械蒸汽再压缩技术(MVR)、热力蒸汽再压缩技术(TVR)虽然浓缩倍率高,但运行中易结垢稳定性较差,设备投资大、运行费用高。经济、高效、实用的脱硫废水浓缩减     

基于环保型融雪剂制备的糠醛废液工艺优化与装置研究

针对玉米芯制糠醛的工艺废水污染负荷大、处理困难、难以综合利用的问题,以糠醛废水处理工艺的关键技术问题为重点开展工程化技术研究,在工艺中创新性引入石灰石中和填料吸收装置处理糠醛废水,采用真空双效蒸发技术在降低粗醋酸浓度的同时,以高温醛气代替锅炉蒸汽实现自身热平衡,基于工艺优化条件下制备环保型融雪剂CMA(醋酸钙镁),基本实现零排放的同时,实现小投资和高收益。     

蒸发技术在垃圾渗沥液膜处理浓缩液中的应用探讨

垃圾渗沥液膜处理浓缩液有机物浓度高、含盐量高、结垢性强、总氮高，氮氮波动较大、组成成份复杂。目前常用的处理方法有蒸发技术、固化技术和回灌技术等。本文结合实际工程情况，介绍了蒸发技术在该领域内的应用。并对蒸发技术工艺流程进行了较为详细的叙述。     

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 精细化工是国民经济的支柱产业之一，带动了国家经济增长，但也带来了环境问题。精细化工废水具有高盐、高浓度、高毒性等特征，导致废水及结晶废盐处理难度大，严重制约了行业绿色可持续发展。精细化工废水无害化及资源化处理成为行业亟待解决的难题。     

臭氧处理蒸发冷却空调水的实验研究

提出了用臭氧法解决蒸发冷却空调水系统存在的细菌滋生、结垢和腐蚀等问题.结合实验结果,验证了臭氧在蒸发冷却循环水处理中的杀菌、阻垢及防腐作用.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-