特发性老年性黄斑裂孔的图形视诱发电位和视网膜电图

对１２例（１５只眼）特发性老年性全层黄斑裂孔病人行图形ＶＥＰ和闪光ＥＲＧ测定。１５＇棋盘方格刺激图形ＶＥＰ的异常率为９３．３％，其改变为Ｐ１００的潜伏期延迟，振幅降低或畸形波。闪光ＥＲＧ的异常率为５３．３％，主要呈视锥细胞的ｂ波降低。两者异常率的差异有显著性（Ｐ〈０．０５）。黄斑裂孔晕轮直径与Ｐ１００潜伏期呈线性正相关（ｒ＝０．８２，Ｐ〈０．０１），但裂孔直径与Ｐ１００潜伏期无相关（Ｐ〉０．０５…     

结晶样视网膜变性的视觉电生理改变探讨

目的探讨结晶样视网膜变性的视觉电生理改变。方法采用眼电图（ＥＯＧ）和视网膜电图（ＥＲＧ）检测１４例２８眼结晶样视网膜变性患者（病例组）和１５例３０眼正常人（对照组）、观察指标：（１）ＥＯＧ的基值电位（ＢＶＰ）、暗谷电位（ＤＴＰ）、暗谷时间（ＤＴＴ）、光峰电位（ＬＰＰ）、光峰时间（ＬＰＴ）、ＱＡｒ－ｄｅｎ、ＱＧｌｉｅｍ、（２）暗适应和明视ＥＲＧａ、ｂ波振幅、峰时值。采用ｔ检验对上述各项指标做两组间比较分析。结果病例组ＥＯＧ的ＢＶＰ、ＤＴＰ、ＬＰＰ、ＱＡｒｄｅｎＱＧｌｉｅｍ均较对照组明显降低,峰两组间有极显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）;而ＥＯＧ的ＤＴＴ、ＬＰＴ与对照组比无明显改变,两组间无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。病例组暗适应和明视ＥＲＧａ、ｂ波振幅、峰时值较对照组均有明显改变,两组间有极显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）;但在２例早期患者中,其ＥＲＧａ、ｂ波振幅、峰时值均在正常范围。结论ＥＯＧ、ＥＲＧ作为客观定量的视功能检查方法,可为结晶样视网膜变性的视网膜功能损害程度提供客观指标。对结晶样视网膜变性早期患者ＥＯＧ可能较ＥＲＧ更具诊断价值。     

黄斑部病变的局部视网膜电图和图形视觉诱发电位

目的观察黄斑病变局部视网膜电图（ｌｏｃａｌｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｒｅｔｉｎｏｇｒａｍ，ＬＥＲＧ）和图形视觉诱发电位（ｐａｔｅｒｎｖｉｓｕａｌｅｖｏｋｅｄｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌ，ＰＶＥＰ）的变化，评价二者的临床应用价值。方法对２７例（５４只眼）正常人进行黄斑部视角５°、１０°和１５°ＬＥＲＧ测定，并对２５例（３５只眼）黄斑病变患者进行ＬＥＲＧ和ＰＶＥＰ的测定。结果黄斑病变患者５°、１０°和１５°ＬＥＲＧ的ａ、ｂ波振幅均值较正常对照组均有显著性降低（Ｐ＜０．０１），３６．５′、７３′及１４６′ＰＶＥＰ的Ｐ１波潜伏期及振幅均值分别较正常对照组明显延长和降低（Ｐ＜０．０１）。在ＬＥＲＧ（１５°）与ＰＶＥＰ（１４．８°×１９．０°）刺激野相近的条件下，黄斑病变ＬＥＲＧ异常率为６２．２％、ＰＶＥＰ的异常率分别为４８．５％（１４６′）、５４．５％（７３′）及４８．５％（３６．５′），ＬＥＲＧ和ＰＶＥＰ的异常率差异均无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论ＬＥＲＧ与ＰＶＥＰ的异常率相接近。由于ＬＥＲＧ不受视路功能的影响，故认为此项检查是一种较有效和较直接的黄斑功能测定方法     

综合视觉电生理检测对白内障术后视功能恢复的评估

目的 评价术前综合视觉电生理检测在判断白内障手术视功能预后中的作用。方法 白内障患者３１５例（４０８眼）术前常规检测图形翻转视觉诱发电位（ＰＶＥＰ）、红蓝光视网膜电图（ＦＥＲＧ）和视网膜电图的振荡电位（ＯＰｓ）。正常对照组１６２例（２６６眼）。术后检查眼底,术后３ｍｏ查矫正视力。结果 术后矫正视力≥０．５（Ⅰ组）和〈０．５（Ⅱ组）者与对照组相比,术前ＰＶＥＰ的Ｐ１００波振幅均下降、潜伏期均延长,后     

过氟丙烷对兔眼视觉电生理和超微结构的影响

目的研究玻璃体腔中过氟丙烷气体对兔眼电生理和视网膜结构的影响。方法８只兔眼玻璃体内注入Ｃ３Ｆ８０．３ｍｌ，观察了术后ｄ３和ｄ７ＥＲＧ－ｂ波和视觉层诱发电位（ｖｉｓｕａｌｅｖｏｋｅｄｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌ，ＶＥＰ）的振幅以及视网膜结构的变化。结果在注气后ｄ３视网膜电流图（ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｒｅｔｉｎｏｇｒａｍ，ＥＲＧ）－ｂ波明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０５），ｄ７恢复正常（Ｐ＞０．０５），ＶＥＰ振幅无明显变化（Ｐ＞０．０５），在ｄ４气体可达到最大膨胀体积，膨胀的气体形成一个占据８０％以上玻璃体腔的空腔，玻璃体被压缩成一薄层附于视网膜表面，２只眼晶体轻度混浊，视网膜无明显结构损害。结论玻璃体内注入Ｃ３Ｆ８可形成一个较大的空腔，为进行玻璃体内药物灌注和玻璃体大量积血等实验提供了良好的实验模型。     

视网膜静脉阻塞患者血浆和泪液中血管内皮生长因子表达的研究

目的　观察视网膜静脉阻塞（ｒｅｔｉｎａｌｖｅｉｎｏｃｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ,ＲＶＯ）患者血浆和泪液中血管内皮生长因子（ｖａｓｃｕｌａｒｅｎｄｏｔｈｅｌｉａｌｇｒｏｗｔｈｆａｃｔｏｒ,ＶＥＧＦ）的表达情况。方法　选取我院确诊的２８例ＲＶＯ患者,收集血浆和泪液样本,通过酶联免疫吸附试验测定ＶＥＧＦ表达水平,在１ｄ、２周和４周使用光学相干断层扫描检查中央视网膜厚度（ｃｅｎｔｒａｌｒｅｔｉｎａｌｔｈｉｃｋｎｅｓｓ,ＣＲＴ）,另选健康志愿者３０人作为对照组,比较两组血浆和泪液中ＶＥＧＦ、ＣＲＴ表达差异。结果　各时间点,ＲＶＯ组血浆中ＶＥＧＦ表达水平显著高于对照组（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）,１ｄＲＶＯ组泪液ＶＥＧＦ表达水平与对照组差异无统计学意义（Ｐ＞０．０５）。ＲＶＯ组血浆和泪液中ＶＥＧＦ表达水平呈微弱正相关（Ｐ＜０．０５）,而对照组中这种相关性稍强（Ｐ＜０．０５）。两组２周后ＣＲＴ明显增加,１ｄ与２周ＣＲＴ值差异均有统计学意义（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）,２周与４周差异均无统计学意义（均为Ｐ＞０．０５）,各时间段ＲＶＯ组与对照组差异有统计学意义（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论　ＲＶＯ患者泪液中ＶＥＧＦ表达水平及ＣＲＴ与健康人比较显著升高,血浆与泪液中ＶＥＧＦ表达水平的变化有一致性,泪液检测作为非侵入性的检测方式,对ＲＶＯ的早期诊断有较高的临床应用价值。     

增生型糖尿病视网膜病变患者血浆和玻璃体中VEGF和低密度脂蛋白受体相关蛋白6的表达及其相关性

目的　通过定量检测血管内皮生长因子（ｖａｓｃｕｌａｒｅｎｄｏｔｈｅｌｉａｌｇｒｏｗｔｈｆａｃｔｏｒ,ＶＥＧＦ）和低密度脂蛋白受体相关蛋白６（ｌｏｗｄｅｎｓｉｔｙｌｉｐｏｐｒｏｔｅｉｎｒｅｃｅｐｔｏｒ-ｒｅｌａｔｅｄｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ６,ＬＲＰ６）在增生型糖尿病视网膜病变（ｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｉｖｅｄｉａｂｅｔｉｃｒｅｔｉｎｏｐａｔｈｙ,ＰＤＲ）患者血浆和玻璃体中的表达水平,并探究其相关关系,为ＰＤＲ的防治提供依据。方法　选择ＰＤＲ患者６０例,非增生型糖尿病视网膜病变（ｎｏｎｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｉｖｅｄｉａｂｅｔｉｃｒｅｔｉｎｏｐａｔｈｙ,ＮＰＤＲ）患者６２例,单纯性糖尿病患者（对照组）５５例。ＥＬＩＳＡ检测各组血浆和玻璃体中ＶＥＧＦ、ＬＲＰ６浓度,并对三组检测指标进行统计学比较。结果　ＰＤＲ组血浆和玻璃体ＶＥＧＦ浓度显著高于对照组和ＮＰＤＲ组,差异均有统计学意义（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）。对照组和ＮＰＤＲ组差异具有统计学意义（Ｐ＜０．０５）。ＰＤＲ组玻璃体中ＬＲＰ６浓度高于ＮＰＤＲ组和对照组,差异均具有统计学意义（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）。ＮＰＤＲ组和对照组玻璃体中ＬＲＰ６差异具有统计学意义（Ｐ＜０．０５）。各组血浆中ＬＲＰ６浓度差异无统计学意义（Ｐ＞０．０５）。ＰＤＲ组血浆和玻璃体中ＶＥＧＦ浓度呈显著正相关（ｒ＝０．６０,Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论　ＰＤＲ患者血浆和玻璃体中ＶＥＧＦ与ＬＲＰ６水平能较好反映视网膜新生血管活动情况,检测血浆和玻璃体中ＶＥＧＦ与ＬＲＰ６水平可为早期诊断ＰＤＲ提供理论依据。     

视网膜色素变性黄斑区视网膜FD-OCT及mfERG观察

目的　利用频域光学相干断层扫描（ｆｒｅｑｕｅｎｃｙｄｏｍａｉｎｏｐｔｉｃａｌｃｏｈｅｒｅｎｃｅｔｏｍｏｇｒａｐｈｙ,ＦＤ-ＯＣＴ）及多焦视网膜电图（ｍｕｌｔｉ-ｆｏｃａｌｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｒｅｔｉｎｏｒｇｒａｍ,ｍｆＥＲＧ）观察视网膜色素变性（ｒｅｔｉｎｉｔｉｓｐｉｇｍｅｎｔｏｓａ,ＲＰ）患者黄斑区视网膜图像特征。方法　选取临床确诊的ＲＰ患者３０例（３０眼）作为ＲＰ组,年龄相匹配的健康人３０人（３０眼）作为对照组。采用ＦＤ-ＯＣＴＲＴＶｕｅ的Ｅ-ＭＭ５扫描模式对５ｍｍ×５ｍｍ范围的黄斑中心视网膜进行检测,获取视网膜厚度及内、外层视网膜容积,同时采用ＲＥＴＩｐｏｒｔ视觉电生理系统测量ｍｆＥＲＧ,对两组测量结果进行比较分析。结果　ＲＰ组视网膜黄斑中心凹厚度为（１４０．８０±１９．２５）μｍ,对照组为（１６５．９１±１４．３９）μｍ,差异无统计学意义（Ｐ＞０．０５）。ＲＰ组黄斑区外层视网膜体积为（３．６１±０．１８）ｍｍ３,低于对照组（４．５９±０．１１）ｍｍ３,差异有显著统计学意义（Ｐ＜０．００１）。ＲＰ组黄斑区内层视网膜体积为（２．２８±０．１０）ｍｍ３,对照组为（２．３０±０．１０）ｍｍ３,两组比较差异无统计学意义（Ｐ＞０．０５）。ＲＰ组ｍｆＥＲＧ各环Ｎ１、Ｐ１波反应密度值均低于对照组,且差异均有统计学意义（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）。ＲＰ组Ｎ１、Ｐ１波３～５环的潜伏期较对照组显著延长,差异均有统计学意义（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论　ＦＤ-ＯＣＴ和ｍｆＥＲＧ相结合可有效评价ＲＰ患者视网膜功能及形态特点。     

早期原发性开角型青光眼彩色图形视觉电生理改变分析

目的 探讨早期原发性开角型青光眼彩色图形视网膜电图（ＣＰ－ＥＲＧ）,彩色图形视觉诱发电位（ＣＰ－ＶＥＰ）的改变特征。方法 采用电生理方法记录早期原发性开角型青光眼（ＰＯＡＧ）患者在白／黑、红／黑、蓝／黑翻转图形刺激下的ＣＰ－ＥＲＧ、ＣＰ－ＶＥＰ,结果 （１）ＰＯＡＧ组ＣＰ－ＥＲＧ的ｂ波幅值下降,潜伏期延长;ＣＰ－ＶＥＰ的Ｐ１００波幅值下降,潜伏期延长;（２）ＰＯＡＧ组ＣＰ－ＥＲＧ和ＣＰ－ＶＥＰ的异     

视网膜下液生长因子含量与增生性玻璃体视网膜病变关系

目的 探讨生长因子与增生性玻璃体视网膜病变形成和发展的关系。方法 选４１例孔源性视网膜脱离伴ＰＶＲ患者,采用放射免疫方法测其ＴＮＦ,ＦＧＦ,ＴＧＦ－β,ＥＧＦ的含量。结果 ＰＶＲ患者视网膜下液中ＴＮＦ,ＥＧＦ,ＦＧＦ浓度明显高于对照组（Ｐ〈０．０５）。ＴＮＦ,ＥＧＦ,ＦＧＦ浓度Ｃ组高于Ｂ组,Ｂ组高于Ａ组,差异有显著性（Ｐ〈０．０５）。视网膜下液中ＴＮＦ,ＥＧＦ浓度各组高于血浆中ＴＮＦ,ＥＧＦ浓度,     

Electroretinogram and visual-evoked potentials in children with optic nerve coloboma

The aim was to evaluate alterations in Visual-Evoked Potentials (VEP) and Electroretinogram (ERG) and discover whether these tests are useful for determining residual visual acuity in cases where a patient is unable to collaborate. Flash and, when possible, Transient Pattern Reversal Visual-Evoked Potentials and Maximal Response ERG were recorded in 8 children (under three years old) affected by different aspects of optic nerve coloboma. None of them had visual acuity evaluated because of poor collaboration. All examinations were carried out using skin electrodes. Amplitude of the a and b component of ERG, amplitude, morphology and latency of the major components of Flash VEP and amplitude and latency of P100 Pattern Reversal VEP were evaluated. Four of the patients were examined three years later and visual acuity was compared with the previous electrofunctional results. Alterations in ERG were found only in the case of significant retinal anomalies (great coloboma, retinal detachment), huge alterations were found in both Flash VEP and in Pattern Reversal VEP. The retrospective study of VEP traces and visual acuity showed a good correlation between electrofunctional data and visual capability. Electrofucntional examinations can identify important conductive retinocortical anomalies. The possibility of correlating electrophysiological results with residual visual acuity is important for rehabilitative management in such optic disc malformations. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

眼挫伤32例42眼眼底荧光血管造影联合视觉电生理分析

目的:观察眼挫伤后进行眼底荧光血管造影(fundus fluorescein angiography,FFA)联合视觉诱发电位(visual evoked potential,VEP)和视网膜电图(electroretinigram,ERG)的特点和临床意义。方法:对32例42眼眼挫伤患者进行FFA,ERG和VEP检查。结果:FFA检查,视网膜震荡伤16眼(38.0%),视网膜挫伤9眼(21.4%),视神经损伤22眼(52.3%)黄斑裂孔2眼(4.7%),脉络膜破裂7眼(9.7%)。视觉电生理检查:32眼(76.1%)挫伤引起闪光ERG的a,b波波幅下降,视力<0.1者26眼(61.9%)闪光VEP的P波潜伏期延迟,波幅下降趋势明显。结论:FFA联合视觉电生理检查对眼挫伤引起的视网膜视神经改变能进行客观、可靠的评价。     

The role of visual evoked potential and electroretinography in the preoperative assessment of osteo‐keratoprosthesis or osteo‐odonto‐keratoprosthesis surgery

Purpose: To determine the value of electroretinography (ERG) and visual evoked potential (VEP) in predicting visual outcome in patients undergoing osteo‐keratoprosthesis (OKP) or osteo‐odonto‐keratoprosthesis (OOKP) surgery. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of 143 eyes in 101 patients who underwent OKP or OOKP surgery. The subjects underwent ERG, VEP testing or both up to 6 months prior to surgery. The ERG and VEP results were classified into four categories based on wave amplitude, latency and configuration. The main outcome was the maximum best‐corrected visual acuity (maxBCVA) reached at any time postoperatively. Results: One hundred thirty‐four cases had undergone preoperative ERG, 82 VEP and 73 both examinations. The sensitivities of ERG and VEP to detect maxBCVA ≥ 0.05 were 68.5% and 87%, respectively, while the specificity was 63.2% for ERG and 47.4% for VEP. The maxBCVA was significantly better in patients with normal ERG (p = 0.033) and those with normal VEP (p = 0.048), once having defined appropriate normal and abnormal cut‐off levels. When comparing fellow eyes in patients who underwent surgery in both eyes, maxBCVA was better in the eyes that had better VEP results (p = 0.013). Conclusion: Eyes demonstrating normal ERG or VEP achieved better visual outcome than those with abnormal results. In addition, VEP proved instrumental in determining the eye with the best prognosis when comparing both eyes of a given patient.     

视觉诱发电位对挫伤眼视神经损伤的评价

目的：探讨眼挫伤后视觉诱发电位（VEP）变化特征。方法：对71例（115眼）眼挫伤行VEP检查。视力≥0．1者行图形视觉诱发电位（P－VEP）检查（100眼，A组）；视力＜0．1者行闪光视觉诱发电位（F－VEP）检查（15眼，B组）。A组根据挫伤后视力情况又分为3个亚组。结果：A组所有伤眼P100波幅较正常值明显降低（P＜0．01），而蜂潜时夫明显改变（P＞0．05）；3个亚组间P100波幅值有明显差异（P＜0．01）。B组15眼P100与对侧健眼比较，峰潜时明显延长，波幅明显降低（P＜0．01）。结论：视觉诱发电位对眼挫伤后视神经损伤的诊断具有客观性和敏感性，有定量诊断价值。     

视觉电生理联合应用对眼外伤视觉功能的评价

联合使用视觉电生理检查法评估外伤眼的视功能。方法单纯眼外伤３０例按受伤程度分３组,健康对侧眼为对照组,比较各组ＶＥＰＰ１００波潜伏值,３０Ｈｚ红闪炮光ＥＲＧ的振幅和暗适应ＥＲＧａ、ｂ波振幅的平均值。结论联合应用视觉电生理检测法是评价眼外伤视功能的可靠依据。     

Electrophysiological findings in anterior ischemic optic neuropathy

Electroretinograms (ERG), oscillatory potentials (OP) and pattern reversal visual evoked potentials (VEP) were performed in nine patients (mean age 66 years) with unilateral long-standing anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) and in an age matched control group. Normal ERGs but bilateral impaired OPs were observed in virtually all AION affected patients. Regardless of visual acuity, VEP amplitude reduction was found in all eyes with AION and in controlateral eyes of patients with associated systemic conditions such as diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension and atherosclerosis. A normal latency of VEP was found bilaterally in AION affected patients; however no correlation between VEP latency and visual acuity or fields could be established. Our results seem to indicate moderate ischemic damage to the retina and to the axons of the optic pathways in patients with AION.     

Correlation of pattern reversal visual evoked potential parameters with the pattern standard deviation in primary open angle glaucoma

AIM:To evaluate whether glaucomatous visual field defect particularly the pattern standard deviation (PSD) of Humphrey visual field could be associated with visual evoked potential (VEP) parameters of patients having primary open angle glaucoma (POAG).METHODS:Visual field by Humphrey perimetry and simultaneous recordings of pattern reversal visual evoked potential (PRVEP) were assessed in 100 patients with POAG. The stimulus configuration for VEP recordings consisted of the transient pattern reversal method in which a black and white checker board pattern was generated (full field) and displayed on VEP monitor (colour 14”) by an electronic pattern regenerator inbuilt in an evoked potential recorder (RMS EMG EP MARK II).RESULTS:The results of our study indicate that there is a highly significant (P<0.001) negative correlation of P100 amplitude and a statistically significant (P<0.05) positive correlation of N70 latency, P100 latency and N155 latency with the PSD of Humphrey visual field in the subjects of POAG in various age groups as evaluated by Student’s t-test.CONCLUSION:Prolongation of VEP latencies were mirrored by a corresponding increase of PSD values. Conversely, as PSD increases the magnitude of VEP excursions were found to be diminished.     

视觉诱发电位对多发性硬化的诊断价值

目的 探讨视觉诱发电位(VEP)对多发性硬化(MS)的诊断价值。方法 将148例MS患者分为临床确诊型(80例)、临床拟诊型(42例)和临床可能型(26例)三组,用模式翻转视觉诱发电位(PRVEP)进行检查。结果 各临床类型MS的P_(100)潜伏期均较对照组显著延长(P<0.01)。各临床类型的VEP异常率分别为80.0％、52.4％和42.3％。有视神经炎病史和视神经萎缩的患者,其VEP异常率显著高于无视神经受累者(P<0.01)。随着病程的延长,VEP异常率有升高的趋势,但未见二者间有显著相关性。VEP异常以P_(100)潜伏期延长和两眼间P_(100)潜伏期不对称性异常多见,分别占44.3％和45.6％。结论 VEP作为一种电生理检查可客观地反映MS患者视觉通路病变所致的电生理变化,为早期发现临床下病灶提供依据,对MS的早期诊断具有重要意义。     

头低位模拟失重状态对于正常青年人视觉电生理的影响

目的:观察头低位模拟失重状态下正常人视觉电生理的变化。方法:男性健康志愿者6例,-6°头低位卧床模拟失重状态,在受试前、受试第2,5d测量双眼的视觉诱发电位和视网膜电图。按照国际视觉电生理协会的临床电生理标准(2008年修订),记录高、中、低3种空间频率下的图形视觉诱发电位(P-VEP),以及国际标准下的视杆细胞反应、最大混合反应、振荡电位、视锥细胞反应和30Hz闪烁光反应。结果:P-VEP中P100波潜伏期在各种空间频率下均无显著改变,波幅在高空间频率下在受试前及受试第2,5d之间有显著改变,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),在中、低空间频率下无显著差异。在视网膜电图中,视锥细胞反应及闪烁光反应在受试前后无显著变化(P>0.05);视杆细胞反应及最大混合反应波的潜伏期在受试前及受试第2d之间有显著改变(P<0.05),而波幅无明显改变(P>0.05);振荡电位总和波波幅在受试前后无显著改变(P>0.05)。结论:头低位卧床模拟失重状态下可导致人视觉诱发电位及视网膜电图的改变,从而影响正常人视觉功能。