基于Dynaform纵梁后板成形工艺及回弹控制模拟分析

阐述了应用Dynaform软件完成高强度钢板DP780标致轿车纵梁后加强板的冲压工艺设计过程和成形回弹分析、控制回弹方法及效果.通过数字模拟技术Dynaform对纵梁后加强板模型回弹前后的数据分析,按零件材料性能和几何形状,采用回弹限制方法即在适当地方设置加强筋和凹槽,使零件回弹较大区域降低约45%,从而达到纵梁后板的...     

DP800高强度板冲压回弹的影响因素及其控制

利用数值方法分析了板料厚度、摩擦系数、压边力以及拉延筋对DP800高强度板Ⅱ形件弯曲回弹的影响规律.根据理论分析的结果,提出了通过合理设置拉延筋以控制回弹的工艺措施,并应用到DP800高强度钢门槛板冲压的回弹控制中,得到了合格的零件.     

保险杠立柱成形回弹分析及其控制

保险杠立柱是重要的结构件,对汽车安全性能方面起着重要的作用。该零件为U形件,材料为高强度钢板,在弯曲成形后会产生回弹现象,回弹的产生将影响零件的尺寸精度和后续的焊装质量。文章首先对保险杠立柱的成形方案进行确定,并利用eta/DYNAFORM对成形过程及回弹过程进行模拟仿真,模拟过程采用分两步计算的dynain方法,分析了摩擦系数、模具间隙等工艺参数对回弹量的影响规律,同时采用模具型面补偿法控制回弹。文章还根据所优化的工艺参数和模具型面对各工序模具进行设计,并通过实际生产得到了合格的零件,验证了工艺方案的合理性和数值模拟的准确性。     

高强度钢板V形弯曲板厚方向压缩对回弹的影响

定量评价了V形弯曲凸模在到达下死点后在板厚方向的压缩作用对减小回弹的影响.利用弹塑性有限元法对高强度钢板V形件的弯曲成形和回弹过程进行模拟,并通过实验进行验证.模拟结果显示:回弹随平均压强与抗拉强度比值的增大而减小;凸模圆角半径对回弹的影响不大;有限元网格划分影响回弹的模拟结果,细分网格并在与凸模接触的部分增加单元数量...     

利用AutoForm软件解决汽车后纵梁回弹问题

借助AutoForm软件,利用汽车板成形的有限元模拟分析技术,对某车型后纵梁冲压设计工艺方案进行了模拟分析.为了消除U形纵梁成形缺陷,进行了正交试验设计,根据CAE技术在模具设计调试过程中的指导作用,并依据模拟结果对零件拉延工艺方案进行分析、判断和优化,通过对拉延筋参数进行优化,解决了后纵梁回弹问题.     

弯曲型件冲压回弹的快速模拟

提出采用一步逆成形有限元法和静力隐式有限元法相结合的弯曲型件拉延回弹的快速混合模拟方法,数值模拟弯曲型板材的成形与卸载回弹全过程。模拟了Numisheet 2002的标准考题之一“无约束圆柱弯曲成形”的卸载回弹过程,并与实验结果进行了比较;预示了货车纵梁的冲压成形过程和脱模卸载回弹过程,回弹模拟后将纵梁6个关键截面的口宽与实测值进行了比较,比较结果说明,快速混合回弹数值模拟方法对弯曲成形卸载回弹预示是快速、准确和有效的。     

高强度钢U形件成形质量多目标优化

应用模拟仿真技术,采用全因子实验设计方法,分析了拉深筋高度和压边力两因素对高强度钢U形件成形质量的影响.以减薄率和回弹量为成形质量目标,发现两目标为一对矛盾的指标,回弹量减小,则减薄率增大,反之亦然,不可能使两者同时达到最优.于是对成形质量进行多目标优化分析,运用MATLAB软件,对数据进行响应曲面分析,得到拟合精度很高的响应曲面,然后运用理想点法构造评价函数,求得高强度钢U形件成形质量多目标优化分析的最优解.     

拼焊板弯曲成形回弹规律的研究

采用正交试验设计与有限元仿真技术相结合的方法,对具有横向焊缝的拼焊板的回弹进行了研究.以U形件的弯曲成形过程为研究对象,分析了三个重要的因数厚度比、强度比和板宽对拼焊板回弹的影响.结果表明,拼焊板在成形过程中薄侧和厚侧的回弹存在着较大的差异,板的强度比对拼焊板薄侧的回弹影响最为显著,板的宽度和板的厚度比对拼焊板厚侧的回弹影响较显著,但这种趋势并不完全成线性.取模拟结果中的三组数据进行了实验验证,实测值与数值模拟值趋势一致.     

船用双曲率板件冷压成形回弹模拟与试验

针对船用双曲率板件冷压成形,选取以弯曲变形方式为主的冲压方向,能够提高零件冷压成形性能,但是,回弹是板料弯曲成形中不可避免的问题之一,严重影响了板件冷压成形精度。分别采用动力显示算法与静力隐式算法对双曲率板件冷压成形与卸载回弹过程进行有限元模拟,并基于回弹预测对模具进行了3次迭代补偿设计。板料最终厚度减小不超过10%、增加不超过5%,未产生严重减薄与起皱缺陷,零件成形尺寸与设计尺寸之间的偏差小于3 mm,形状偏差降低了50%以上,有效地提高了其成形精度。对该双曲率板件进行冷压成形试验,通过测量零件形状和尺寸,验证了零件的冷压成形符合设计要求。     

前保险杠加强板回弹分析及工艺控制

加强板是前保险杠总成上的重要结构件,对汽车碰撞时的冲击载荷起缓冲和分散作用,对汽车安全性起着重要的作用.加强板采用的是高强度钢板,在成形后会产生回弹现象,回弹的产生将影响零件的几何精度和后续的焊装质量.采用有限元分析软件DANAFORM,对汽车前保险杠加强板成形过程进行数值模拟.然后根据模拟结果采用模具型面调整法控制回弹,通过实际生产得到了合格的零件,验证了工艺方案的合理性和数值模拟的准确性.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.