由测井曲线确定岩层界面的方法

本文介绍一种应用沃尔什变换对测井曲线进行分层的技术,即对原始测井曲线作低通滤波后,根据各条曲线值变化的加权和,由计算机自动判断,确定岩层界面。这是一种方法简单、运行速度快、结果精确、使用方便的测井曲线分层的计算机技术。通过在IBM-PC微机上对测井曲线进行分层处理的实例,证实了这种方法的可行性。文中还论述了提高分层分辨率的途径。这种方法的处理程序可用于测井资料的逐层解释、岩相分析和相关对比等方面。     

测井曲线融合方法研究及其在分层中的应用

地质分层时单采用一条测井曲线存在着局限性和多解性,为此,将多条测井曲线融合成一条无量纲曲线,突出多条测井曲线的公共信息,更好地反映地层的真实性,然后对融合曲线进行活度分析,分层的效果更加明显.曲线融合的实质是在信号检测和估计理论的基础上建立多条测井曲线数据融合的数学模型.在进行融合之前,要对测井资料进行异常点剔除和归一化处理,以消除或减弱测井信号中的随机信息干扰.应用这种方法得到的融合曲线减少了单一观测资料中的偶然误差,提高了融合测井资料在地质分层应用中的可信度.     

感应测井的频域反褶积方法

常规的反演方法是对感应测井资料进行线性反褶积。上于感应测井获得的响应曲线是地层非线性时变滤波的结果。所以,感应测井响应可随地层电导率发生非线性变化。处理结果表明,围岩效应和趋胶效应基本被消除。     

高分辨率双侧向和双感应测井联合反演

利用电阻率测井理论和反演技术,建立了高分辨率双侧向(HRDL)和高分辨率双感应(HRDI)测井响应的联合反演算法,对HRDL和HRDI测井曲线进行连续反演.构造不同层厚的地层模型,将联合反演结果和单一HRDL反演以及HRD I反演结果进行了对比,结果表明:联合反演不仅可以同时确定地层真电阻率、侵入深度和侵入带电阻率,而且还可以改善测井反演问题中解的局部收敛性和多解性.对现场HRDL和HRDI测井曲线的联合反演结果也证明了其有效性和可靠性.     

测井曲线综合分层的非参数拟合优度法

本文提出了多条测井曲线进行综合分层的一种非参数拟合优度法。具有计算速度快，而且由计算过程确定最佳分层。实例表明了这种方法有助于实现了测井曲线的自动、快速、准确的分层解释工作。图５，参６。     

小波变换和沃尔什变换在测井曲线分层中的联合应用

在分析单独利用小波变换或沃尔什变换进行测井曲线自动分层所存在的优势及弊端的基础上,依据沃尔什方法能适用多测井曲线分层和小波方法更能表征信号突变点的特点,提出了一种小波变换和沃尔什变换联合的测井曲线自动分层方法,该方法能有效地结合两者在测井曲线分层中的优势并弥补各自的不足.实际测井资料的处理结果表明,与小波变换分层方法和沃尔什变换分层方法相比,该联合方法简单、快速、有效,更适合实际测井资料的处理.     

小波变换和沃尔什变换在测井曲线分层中的联合应用

在分析单独利用小波变换或沃尔什变换进行测井曲线自动分层所存在的优势及弊端的基础上，依据沃尔什方法能适用多测井曲线分层和小波方法更能表征信号突变点的特点，提出了一种小波变换和沃尔什变换联合的测井曲线自动分层方法，该方法能有效地结合两者在测井曲线分层巾的优势并弥补各自的不足。实际测井资料的处理结果表明，与小波变换分层方法和沃尔什变换分层方法相比，该联合方法简单、快速、有效，更适合实际测井资料的处理。     

基于图论聚类的测井曲线自动分层

在地球物理勘探中需要利用测井资料了解地下地质情况,其中测井曲线分层是首先要完成的基础工作。本文利用图论聚类的方法,结合实际数据对测井曲线进行自动分层,并比较了自动分层和人工分层的优越性。     

句法模式识别技术在测井曲线活度法分层中的应用

本文讨论了用于测井曲线自动分层的活度分析法中自动检测和识别活度峰的句法模式识别方法。具有运算简洁、识别速度快等优点.绘出了这种方法在测井曲线自动分层的应用实例。     

油田测井曲线数据管理系统需求性分析

油田测井曲线数据管理系统以油田测井曲线数据为基础,运用计算机技术和相关算法,将这些数据信息以最有效、最直观的方式进行查询与展示,做到曲线与数据的统一。通过对油田测井曲线数据管理系统的实际需求进行分析,在此基础上得出油田测井曲线数据管理系统的功能模块。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-