基于分簇的传感器网络数据聚集估算机制

提出一种基于簇结构的传感器网络数据聚集估算机制CASA(clustering-based approximate scheme for data aggregation).在保证用户对数据精确度需求的前提下,CASA 通过最小化网络通信开销以及协调节点间的负载均衡,有效地提高了估算机制的节能性能.CASA 采用最优的分簇规模参数,在基于分簇的网内聚集估算架构中能够最小化网络节点的总体通信开销.此外,CASA 考虑到部署区域感知数据变化率的差异性,采用自适应的误差分配方案来进一步降低网络节点的通信开销,维护节点间的负载均衡.模拟实验结果表明,CASA 估算机制能够显著地提升传感器网络网内数据聚集机制的节能性能,同时保证聚集数据的精确程度.     

无线传感器网络中一种高效虚假数据过滤方案

无线传感器网络中虚假数据过滤机制工作效率较低的根本原因在于在提高密钥共享度的同时无法保证密钥的安全性.提出了一种高效率的虚假数据过滤机制.构造簇头生成树,在源簇和中转簇之间建立关联;基于负荷指数提出了一种密钥分发策略,靠近源簇的中转簇存储源簇的多个密钥,提高了密钥共享度,且密钥在中转节点中分布较均匀;来自同一个源簇的多个密钥由中转簇中不同节点存储,保障了密钥的安全性.理论分析及仿真实验表明,该方案在提高虚假数据过滤效率的同时能均衡节点通信开销,并具有较低的能量消耗和存储开销.     

一种低通信量的数据融合隐私保护算法

无线传感网中的数据融合技术是降低节点通信量的最为有效的方式之一,而隐私保护是用户数据安全性的要求,有效的数据融合隐私保护算法是无线传感应用的重要研究方向。近年来,出现的一些基于数据分片混合的数据融合隐私保护算法,如SMART(Slicing-Mix-AggRegaTion),在分片数不小于3时可以有效保护数据的安全,但在分片交换阶段网络中数据包过多,数据包容易产生碰撞而丢失。本文提出了一种新的数据融合隐私保护算法LTPART,它在采用一种安全有效的密钥分配策略的基础上,利用新的数据分片算法,降低了安全通信时数据的通信量。在数据融合阶段,LTPART为每一层分配固定时间片和浮动时间片,来保证节点数据充分融合及融合的精确性。仿真实验表明,在有效保护数据隐私的前提下,LTPART要比SMART(J=3)少N(N为网络中节点的数目)次节点间的通信     

一种低通信量的数据融合隐私保护算法

无线传感网中的数据融合技术是降低节点通信量的最为有效的方式之一,而隐私保护是用户数据安全性的要求,有效的数据融合隐私保护算法是无线传感应用的重要研究方向。近年来,出现的一些基于数据分片混合的数据融合隐私保护算法,如SMART(Slicing-Mix-AggRegaTion),在分片数不小于3时可以有效保护数据的安全,但在分片交换阶段网络中数据包过多,数据包容易产生碰撞而丢失。文中提出了一种新的数据融合隐私保护算法LTPART,它在采用一种安全有效的密钥分配策略的基础上,利用新的数据分片算法,降低了安全通信时数据的通信量。在数据融合阶段,LTPART为每一层分配固定时间片和浮动时间片,来保证节点数据充分融合及融合的精确性。仿真实验表明,在有效保护数据隐私的前提下,LTPART要比SMART(J=3)少N(N为网络中节点的数目)次节点间的通信。     

基于簇内分层的无线传感器网络隐私保护数据融合算法

在无线传感器网络中,提供高效的数据融合的同时又保证数据的隐私性是一个具有挑战性的研究问题。提出一个基于簇内二叉分层的完整性和机密性保护的数据融合算法(TIPDA),算法将簇内节点按照二叉树的逻辑结构进行组织,并引入了数据切片的思想完成数据融合,同时将中国剩余定理的思想引入进行端到端的完整性验证。理论分析和实验结果都表明,TIPDA算法可以有效地保护无线传感器网络融合数据的机密性和完整性,且花费较少的通信开销和计算开销。     

一种基于分簇技术的数据融合算法

针对无线传感器网络节点能耗的限制以及通信数据的隐私问题,提出一种基于分簇技术的数据融合算法（Data Fusion Algorithm based on Clustering Technology, DFACT）。算法通过分簇技术解决通信数据的时延,簇内利用算法选择合适簇头,并构造数据融合树结构进行数据融合,减少数据通信量,保护数据隐私;簇间采用基于移动代理模型选择最佳路径提高通信效率。实验结果表明,DFACT算法可以有效地降低大规模无线传感器网络节点耗能,提高数据的安全性,延长网络生命周期。     

无线传感器网络中数据融合算法研究

在提供高效的数据融合的同时保障数据的安全是无线传感器网络的研究的一个具有挑战性的问题。本文为加法融合函数设计了一种具有隐私保护功能的数据融合算法——基于分簇的安全数据融合。该算法利用了分簇协议和多项式的代数性质。其优点为带来的通信开销较小。研究的主要目标是提高无线传感器网络中数据融合效率的同时,保证数据的安全性。     

智能配电网中具有隐私保护的数据安全认证方案

针对智能配电网信息采集系统的隐私安全、存储与通信开销等问题,提出了一种具有隐私保护的数据安全认证方案。该方案融合数据隐私保护和数据完整性认证构建了一个安全可靠的数据传输协议。理论分析和实验结果表明,该方案不仅在节点数量众多的情况下大大降低了节点的存储与通信开销,而且加入了隐私保护,提高了传输的安全性,更加适用于智能配电网信息采集系统。     

基于分片的轻量级数据融合隐私保护算法

针对现有的无线传感器网络隐私保护数据融合算法普遍存在通信量大、计算量大的问题,在原有算法CPDA的基础上,提出一种轻量级数据融合隐私保护算法(L-CPDA)。引入基于数据扰动的动态分片的思想,对节点进行数据扰动,将经过扰动后的数据根据簇的规模调整节点的分片数量,针对网络中存在的孤立节点的问题,提出将孤立节点归入到一个集合中,并对集合中的节点进行数据扰动的思想。理论分析和实验结果表明,与CPDA算法相比,L-CPDA在保护隐私的前提下,在计算量与通信量方面都有较大提升。     

基于跳数限制的高能效分簇路由算法

针对实时性较强的传感器网络,提出一种跳数受限的高能效分簇路由(HCECR)算法.HCECR算法采用存活时间(TTL)分簇的概念,并根据簇内成员数量和累计最小可达能耗构建兼顾跳数限制和能量效率的簇结构.同时,新算法区分紧急和普通数据包,分别采取不同的转发机制,并在簇外多跳通信中引入边缘节点中继数据以降低簇外通信开销.仿真表明:新算法在保证数据包实时性的同时,提升了簇头与普通节点之间的负载均衡度,延长了网络生存周期.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。