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针对移动机器人反演轨迹跟踪控制中的速度跳变与速度跟踪问题,提出一种采用生物膜电压模型和反演滑模方法的移动机器人生物启发式变结构轨迹跟踪控制系统。首先基于移动机器人的运动学模型建立位姿跟踪回路,即利用生物启发式膜电压模型获取虚拟的位姿误差信号,并结合Lyapunov函数设计反演控制器来解决速度跳变;然后考虑移动机器人的动力学模型设计速度跟踪回路,构造基于组合趋近律的滑模变结构力矩控制器来保证速度跟踪;接下来,根据Lyapunov理论对所提系统的稳定性进行证明;最后,以iRobot Create移动机器人为控制对象进行直线、圆和折线轨迹跟踪控制的仿真研究。通过分析比较初始阶段和拐点处的跟踪误差、速度和力矩,验证了所提系统的有效性。 相似文献
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针对非完整移动机器人编队控制问题,基于领航者-跟随者l-ψ控制结构,提出了一种运动学控制器与自适应神经滑模控制器相结合的新型控制策略。采用径向基神经网络(radial basis function neural network,RBFNN)对跟随者及领航者动力学非线性不确定部分进行在线估计,并通过自适应鲁棒控制器对神经网络建模误差进行补偿。实验结果表明所提方法不但解决了移动机器人编队控制的参数与非参数不确定性问题,还确保了机器人编队在期望队形下对指定轨迹的跟踪;基于Lyapunov方法的设计过程,保证了控制系统的稳定。 相似文献
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针对直线超声电机很强的非线性和时变特性,提出了模糊神经网络控制。为了更好地将PID控制的经验融入模糊神经网络,对离散型PID表达式的各项进行了划分,将轨迹跟踪误差信号、轨迹跟踪误差信号的变化和轨迹跟踪误差信号的变化率等三项作为模糊神经网络的输入。采用自适应律并结合了反向传播算法和梯度下降法进行学习优化。试验结果表明,所设计的模糊神经网络控制器不仅明显优于PID和自组织神经网络控制器,而且具有很好的抗干扰能力。 相似文献
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非线性摩擦会降低挖掘机器人电液伺服系统的动静态性能,引起轨迹爬行、平峰和稳态误差等现象。经典LuGre摩擦模型仅与速度有关,内部鬃毛状态变量无法准确测量,无法全面描述复杂的挖掘机器人电液伺服系统摩擦特性。本文综合考虑电液伺服系统位置、速度和方向等信息,设计了一种改进的LuGre摩擦模型,同时引入速度阈值解决了弹性鬃毛平均变形状态观测器不稳定问题。其次,为了解决传统优化算法陷入局部最优解、收敛速度慢等问题,通过引入惯性权重、异步变化和精英突变操作改进基本粒子群优化算法,以精准快速辨识出改进LuGre摩擦模型中的6个未知参数。最后,结合辨识出的摩擦模型,基于结构不变性原理设计前馈摩擦补偿控制器,并在23吨挖掘机器人进行了正弦和三角波不同工况下的轨迹跟踪实验。实验结果表明,传统的比例积分微分控制器跟踪误差最大,三角轨迹最大跟踪误差达到了29.68 mm,基于改进LuGre模型设计的前馈摩擦补偿控制器仅为9.70 mm,误差减小了67.31%,基于改进LuGre模型设计的前馈摩擦补偿控制器可以有效提升挖掘机器人的轨迹跟踪精度。 相似文献
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针对集总干扰下绳驱动空中机械臂关节空间内高精度轨迹跟踪控制问题,提出了一种基于时延估计技术的自适应鲁棒控制策略。在控制框架中,引入时延估计技术来补偿系统未建模特性、外界扰动及动力学耦合效应;采用分数阶非奇异终端滑模面来加快系统状态量的收敛速度和保证轨迹跟踪控制的精度;添加自适应律来增加控制器的鲁棒性。同时,基于李雅普诺夫稳定性理论分析了闭环系统的稳定性。最后,通过可视化仿真和地面试验对本文所设计控制器的有效性进行了验证,结果表明:与其他两种控制器相比,本文控制器具有较高的轨迹跟踪精度、较好的鲁棒性和较强的抗干扰能力。 相似文献
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长行程直线电机的迭代学习控制 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
光刻机工件台在扫描曝光过程中要求纳米级的定位精度,采用长行程直线电机粗动加洛仑兹电机高精密微动补偿的6自由度复合运动系统能满足要求。为减小微动电机的运动范围和加速度,必须提高直线电机的轨迹跟踪精度。提出了一种开闭环D型迭代学习控制律改善永磁直线同步电动机(PMLSM)的轨迹跟踪性能。控制器由三部分组成:PID控制器用来提高系统对扰动和参数变化的鲁棒性;前馈补偿器可提高系统的实时跟踪性能;迭代学习控制器则通过执行重复任务来不断向理想的控制信号逼近。实验结果表明,这种控制方法可以有效提高系统的轨迹跟踪精度。 相似文献
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Neural adaptive robust output feedback control of wheeled mobile robots with saturating actuators 下载免费PDF全文
Khoshnam Shojaei 《International Journal of Adaptive Control and Signal Processing》2015,29(7):855-876
This paper addresses the output feedback tracking control problem of electrically driven wheeled mobile robots subjected to actuator constraints. The main drawback of previously proposed controllers is the actuator saturation problem, which degrades the transient performance of the closed‐loop control system. In order to alleviate this problem, a saturated tracking controller has been proposed using the hyperbolic tangent function. A new nonlinear observer is introduced in order to leave out the velocity sensors in the robot system to decrease the cost and weight of the system for practical applications. A dynamic surface control strategy is effectively used to reduce the design complexity when considering actuator dynamics. In addition, neural network approximation capabilities and adaptive robust techniques are also adopted to improve the tracking performance in the presence of uncertain nonlinearities and unknown parameters. Semi‐global stability of the closed‐loop system is presented using direct Lyapunov method. Simulation results are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control system for a differential drive mobile robot in practice. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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针对控制参数的不确定性以及存在未知外部扰动情况下移动机器人的轨迹跟踪问题,提出一种基于光滑非线性饱和函数的自适应模糊滑模轨迹跟踪控制算法。通过建立不确定非线性移动机器人运动控制模型,利用自适应模糊逻辑系统构建自适应模糊滑模控制器。为了增强轨迹跟踪控制算法对随机不确定外部扰动适应能力的同时削弱滑模控制算法中的输入抖振现象,利用有界输入有界输出(BIBO)稳定的方法,通过带有自适应调节算法的模糊系统对滑模控制律中非线性函数项进行自适应逼近,并设计了模糊系统中可调参数的自适应控制律,保证了控制系统的稳定与收敛。实验结果表明,所设计的控制器对系统参数不确定性和外界扰动均具有较强的轨迹跟踪性能和鲁棒性。与传统的滑模控制算法相比,该算法不仅能有效减小输入抖振而且轨迹跟踪控制精度提高了18.89%。 相似文献
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为了满足某种望远镜传递函数时变、速度精度要求高、位置定点时间长的控制要求,在分析经典PID的基础上,提出了一种模糊控制方案。通过构造模糊控制规则,模糊PID控制器能够根据误差和误差变化对控制器的比例、积分增益进行实时的调整。针对某望远镜模型,仿真验证了模糊PID控制与经典PID的控制性能,并在该望远镜上实验验证了速度控制及位置定点实验,速度为138.8°/s时最大稳态误差为0.4°/s,位置定点最大误差为0.0002°。仿真结果和实验结果均表明:模糊PID控制能满足该望远镜的观测要求。 相似文献
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This paper presents a practical implementation of explicit self-tuning control to a hydraulic robot for trajectory tracking. The proposed control strategy is simple. However, it adapts itself to system variations such as load changes, noise and disturbances, and it may be suitable for non-minimum phase control systems. Computational complexity of self-tuning control is not a limitation any more because of the increased computing power of computers even for high-speed applications. This situation makes the self-tuning control an important alternative to that of proportional+integral+derivative (PID) control, which is the most widely used controller in industrial processes. Extensive experiments conducted on the hydraulic robot demonstrate and verify the control performance of the proposed self-tuning control in comparison with the traditionally designed PID control. 相似文献
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Yeong-Chan Chang Bor-Sen Chen 《International Journal of Adaptive Control and Signal Processing》1998,12(6):495-526
Both dynamic state feedback as well as output feedback tracking control designs are presented in this paper for constrained robot systems under parametric uncertainties and external disturbances. The previous studies on tracking control design, not considering the velocity measurements, address only the unconstrained robot design. In contrast, a dynamic output feedback controller based on a linear and reduced-order observer that uses only position measurements is proposed here for the first time to treat the trajectory tracking control problem of constrained robot systems. Both adaptive state feedback control schemes and adaptive output feedback control schemes with a guaranteed H∞ performance are constructed. It is shown that all the variables of the closed-loop system are bounded and a pre-assigned H∞ tracking performance is achieved, in the sense that the influence of external disturbance on the tracking motion error can be attenuated to any specified level. Moreover, it is also shown that the motion and force trajectories asymptotically converge to the desired ones as the dynamic model of robot systems is well-known and the external disturbance is neglected. Finally, simulation examples are presented to illustrate the tracking performance of a two-link robotic manipulator with a circular path constraint by the proposed control algorithms. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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为了解决输入受限下非完整轮式移动机器人的跟踪控制问题,考虑迭代学习控制方法,设计了一种迭代学习控制律,这里所设计的迭代学习控制律结合了系统的跟踪误差和约束下的上一代控制律.通过应用范数分析理论,对跟踪误差的收敛性进行了理论分析,验证了设计的控制律的有效性.最后,给出了一个仿真实例以证明理论分析结果的正确性,仿真结果表明,在设计的迭代学习控制律作用下,具有输入受限的非完整轮式移动机器人能够获得很好的跟踪控制性能,跟踪误差最终收敛于零的很小邻域内. 相似文献
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Kiyoshi Ohishi Masanori Ohnishi Toshimasa Miyazaki 《Electrical Engineering in Japan》1997,118(4):58-69
This paper proposes a simple and robust robot motion control method using a robust velocity controller. The robust velocity controller is based on H∞ control theory, and is called H∞ velocity controller. The H∞ velocity controller based motion control method is completely equivalent to the robust acceleration control method using the H∞ acceleration controller, but it has simpler structure. Therefore, the proposed system can realize a fine robot motion control easily. To confirm the validity of the proposed method, this paper realizes the hybrid control of position and force for a multijoint robot manipulator. Further, the simple realization of hybrid control is proposed considering the attitude of the robot manipulator. This system achieves hybrid control of position and force of the robot manipulator while maintaining a perpendicular attitude to the target environment. The experimental results in this paper show that the proposed system has the desired force and position response to the target environment. © 1997 Scripta Technica, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 118 (4): 58–69, 1997 相似文献