钌掺杂TiO2/Ti光电极的制备及光电催化性能

采用阳极氧化法制备贵金属钌掺杂TiO2/Ti光电极,用EIS、XRD和SEM对光电极的性能进行表征,并对亚甲基蓝进行光电催化降解。结果表明：钌掺杂后可增大TiO2/Ti光电极比表面积,提高其光电催化活性;在HF电解液中,阳极氧化制备钌掺杂TiO2/Ti光电极的最佳条件为：氧化电压为20 V,氧化时间20 min,热处理温度600 ℃;以紫外灯(125 W)为光源,在外加偏压0.2 V,钌掺杂TiO2/Ti光电极对亚甲基蓝光电催化120 min可完全脱色。     

SnO2-NiO-IrO2/Ti的制备及电催化氧化甲基橙溶液的研究

因SnO2-NiO特殊的异质结结构,被用作气敏材料和超级电容器电极添加材料,在电催化氧化污水方面研究较少。本文通过添加活性氧化物IrO2提高其导电性来研究SnO2-NiO-IrO2电极电催化甲基橙溶液的效果。热分解法制备不同IrO2含量的Ti/SnO2-NiO-IrO2电极,采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、比表面(BET)、循环伏安法(CV)、交流阻抗谱法(EIS)、极化曲线(LSV)、总有机碳(TOC)、紫外可见光谱(UV)、强化寿命等方法系统研究Ti/SnO2-NiO-IrO2电极的电催化性能。结果表明：IrO2改变SnO2晶格中氧空位的浓度,使SnO2晶体结构中产生杂质缺陷,细化晶粒,进而增大复合氧化物涂层的比表面积和导电性,提高活性自由基向内层扩散的速度,从而优化电极的催化活性和稳定性。IrO2掺杂量为23.1%的电极对甲基橙具有最好的降解效果。IrO2掺杂量为23.1%时,电极对甲基橙具有最高降解率为93%,电解反应累加时间最高可达678 h。     

稀土Ce掺杂Ti/Sb-SnO2电极的电化学性能及应用

采用热分解法制备Ti/Sb-SnO2电极和Ti/Sb-SnO2/Ce电极,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)仪和电化学实验技术对电极的表面形貌、物相组成和电化学性能进行表征。结果表明:Ti/Sb-SnO2电极表面形成了SnO2晶胞,经稀土Ce改性后SnO2晶粒明显细化,SnO2衍射峰强度变强且峰形宽化。Ti/Sb-SnO2/Ce电极峰电流值最大、表面稳定性增强和催化活性明显提高。在最佳工艺条件下,Ti、Ti/Sb-SnO2和Ti/Sb-SnO2/Ce电极对橙黄G目标污染物的去除率分别为46.6%、61.9%和94.9%,且降解过程均符合一级反应动力学模型,速率常数分别为0.0289、0.0633、0.1971min-1,Ti/Sb-SnO2/Ce电极的速率常数分别是Ti/Sb-SnO2电极的3倍,Ti电极的7倍,表明在电极表面涂层中掺杂稀土元素Ce可有效提高电极的性能。     

新型Nd掺杂PbO2阳极性能及对AOII的电催化氧化研究

采用电沉积法制备了稀土金属Nd改性PbO2电极（Nd-PbO2）,并通过扫描电镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）、荧光光谱（FP）、线性极化扫描（LSV）、强化寿命测试（ALT）、循环伏安扫描（CV）等方法表征了其表面结构和电化学性能,探讨了对酸性橙II（AOII）的电催化氧化性能。SEM、XRD、XPS测试结果表明,Nd以Nd3 形式掺杂进入电极镀层,同时对表面形貌、元素组成均有不同程度的改变,但不改变镀层表面的β-PbO2晶型;电化学性能测试表明,Nd掺杂可有效提高电极的析氧电位和稳定性;CV测试及AOII降解实验结果表明,Nd-PbO2电极对AOII还表现出直接氧化作用,电催化氧化AOII能力更强;FP分析表明,Nd-PbO2具有较强的催生羟基自由基能力,可增强电极降解有机物的催化活性。     

新型Nd掺杂PbO_2阳极性能及对AOII的电催化氧化作用

采用电沉积法制备了稀土金属Nd改性Pb O_2电极(Nd-Pb O_2),并通过扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、荧光光谱(FP)、线性极化扫描(LSV)、强化寿命测试(ALT)、循环伏安扫描(CV)等方法表征了其表面结构和电化学性能,探讨了对酸性橙II(AOII)的电催化氧化性能。SEM、XRD、XPS测试结果表明,Nd以Nd~(3+)形式掺杂进入电极镀层,同时对表面形貌、元素组成均有不同程度的改变,但不改变镀层表面的β-Pb O_2晶型;电化学性能测试表明,Nd掺杂可有效提高电极的析氧电位和稳定性;CV测试及AOII降解实验结果表明,Nd-Pb O_2电极对AOII还表现出直接氧化作用,电催化氧化AOII能力更强;FP分析表明,Nd-Pb O_2具有较强的催生羟基自由基能力,可增强电极降解有机物的催化活性。     

N-doped TiO2 nanotube arrays: Synthesis by anodic oxidation in an Ionic Liquid ([BMIM]BF4) and Assessment of Photocatalytic Properties

本文简述了以HF水溶液为电解液,离子液体（1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐 [BMIM]BF4）为N源,采用阳极氧化法制备N掺杂TiO2纳米管阵列。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射光谱(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）和紫外-可见漫反射光谱（DRS）对N掺杂TiO2纳米管阵列的表面形貌、晶型和氮元素的掺杂方式进行分析。以球形氙灯为光源,亚甲基蓝溶液为目标物质测试N掺杂TiO2纳米管阵列的光催化活性。N掺杂TiO2纳米管阵列对亚甲基蓝溶液的降解率明显高于未掺杂的TiO2纳米管阵列。这是因为N掺杂后产生杂质能级使禁带宽度变窄,并且N掺杂进入TiO2晶格中形成O-Ti-N 键和Ti- O-N键,使氧空位数量增加,从而使光催化活性提高。     

稀土与过渡金属改性TiO_2光催化降解甲基橙研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备稀土La和过渡金属Fe掺杂改性的Ti O2光催化剂用于降解甲基橙染料溶液,并借助X射线衍射(XRD)仪、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)以及固体光致发光光谱(PL)等测试技术对催化剂进行表征,研究La和Fe掺杂对Ti O2催化剂结构和光催化性能的影响规律。结果表明,掺杂稀土元素La、过渡金属Fe可有效降低Ti O2光催化剂的晶粒尺寸,提高锐钛矿相的含量,催化剂中均匀分散的镧物种、铁物种会增加Ti O2催化剂表面氧空位和缺陷浓度,Fe、La掺杂后Ti O2光催化剂对甲基橙的降解率分别提高约16%和约22%,且稀土La改性催化剂显示较好的循环稳定性。     

TiO2／Ti电极上外加阳极偏压对亚甲基蓝光催化降解的影响

主要研究了在纳米多孔TiO2／Ti电极上外加阳极偏压对亚甲基蓝光催化降解的影响。另外还讨论了在TiO2／Ti中掺杂过渡族金属离子对亚甲基蓝降解情况的影响。降解程度通过亚甲基蓝的褪色情况来表征。实验结果表明，降解效率随着所加阳极偏压的增大而增大，直到阳极偏压达到3．5V，增大速率开始减小。掺杂Mn^2＋和Cr^3＋可以促进光电催化效率，而掺杂Ni^2＋却会降低光电催化效率。离子半径和各离子的功函数可以解释这种现象。     

离子液体辅助阳极氧化法制备N掺杂TiO_2纳米管阵列及其光催化性能研究（英文）

以HF水溶液为电解液,离子液体(1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐[BMIM]BF_4)为N源,采用阳极氧化法制备N掺杂TiO_2纳米管阵列。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子谱(XPS)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)和紫外-可见漫反射光谱(DRS)对N掺杂TiO_2纳米管阵列的表面形貌、晶型和氮元素的掺杂方式进行分析。以球形氙灯为光源,亚甲基蓝溶液为目标降解物测试N掺杂TiO_2纳米管阵列的光催化活性。结果表明,N掺杂TiO_2纳米管阵列对亚甲基蓝溶液的降解率明显高于未掺杂的TiO_2纳米管阵列。这是因为N掺杂后不仅使TiO_2禁带宽度变窄,并且N掺杂进入TiO_2晶格中形成O-Ti-N键和Ti-O-N键,使氧空位数量增加,从而使其光催化活性提高。     

Preparation of Sb Doped Nano SnO2/Porous Ti Electrode and Its Degradation of Methylene Orange

利用热分解方法在多孔钛上制备了Sb掺杂纳米SnO2电极。也研究了该电极降解甲基橙的电化学性能。SEM和XRD测试表明,在多孔钛基体上可获得完整的、无裂缝的涂层。无裂缝的涂层表面由粒径范围在80~230 nm的Sb掺杂SnO2纳米颗粒组成。HRTEM测试结果表明,SnO2纳米颗粒由5~6 nm细小颗粒构成。在其余条件相同的情况下,强化寿命试验表明,Sb掺杂纳米SnO2 /多孔Ti电极的寿命远大于致密钛基体上的电极。Sb掺杂纳米SnO2 /多孔Ti电极可将浓度为100 mg/L的甲基橙溶液降解到8 mg/L,显示出该电极具有很强的有机物污染物电催化降解能力。并指出采用简单的表面处理技术,将使多孔钛具有很高的潜力被应用到有机污水降解领域     

Visible Light Photocatalysis of Ni-Deposited TiO_2 Nanotubes for Methyl Orange Degradation in Alkaline Medium

The photocatalysis of Ti O2nanotubes(Ti/TNT) and Ni-deposited Ti O2nanotubes(Ti/TNT–Ni) for methyl orange degradation was investigated.Methyl orange was selected as the model pollutant,and its photocatalytic degradation was determined in 1 mol/L KOH solution.Ti/TNT was produced by anodizing method,and the electrodeposition of nickel on TNT was performed galvanostatically.The characterization of electrodes was performed by scanning electron microscopy,energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis.The electrochemical behavior of the electrodes was determined by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.The irradiation was applied by visible light source(k = 635 nm) for 48 h.UV/vis spectroscopy was used for determination of the concentration of methyl orange.Furthermore,after 48-h irradiation,the solutions were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.Results showed that the concentration of methyl orange decreased from 100 ppm(10-6) to 16 ppm,after48-h irradiation with the photocatalysis of Ti/TNT–Ni.     

Electro-catalytic degradation properties of Ti/SnO<Subscript>2</Subscript>–Sb electrodes doped with different rare earths

Ti/SnO₂–Sb electrode has a good effect on the removal of organic pollutants. But its short service life limits its large-scale application in industry. Electro-catalytic degradation performances and service life of the electrode can be significantly improved by doping rare earth (RE) ions into the oxide coating of Ti/SnO₂–Sb electrode. Ti/SnO₂–Sb electrodes doped with different RE elements (Ce, Dy, La, and Eu) were prepared by the thermal decomposition method at 550 °C. Electro-catalytic degradation performances of electrodes doped with different RE elements were evaluated by linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and Tafel curves. During the electrolysis, the conversion of p-nitrophenol was performed with these electrodes as anodes under galvanostatic control. The structures and morphologies of the surface coating of the electrodes were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results demonstrate that the electro-catalytic degradation performances of Ti/SnO₂–Sb electrodes are improved to different levels by doping different RE ions. Improved Ti/SnO₂–Sb electrodes by the introduction of different RE have higher oxygen evolution potential, better electro-catalysis ability, better coverage, and longer electrode life.     

载铂二氧化钛纳米管电极的制备及电催化性能

用水热法在二氧化钛纳米管上负载纳米铂微粒,制备出大比表面积、高表面原子数的载铂二氧化钛纳米管电极。 SEM和XRD分析证明纳米管上已负载20~30 nm的铂微粒。循环伏安测试结果表明：不含染料的体系中,载铂二氧化钛纳米管电极在0.13 V处的氧化峰电流密度为Pt片电极的10倍;含染料的体系中,载铂二氧化钛纳米管电极上对酸性大红GR的氧化峰电流密度达到Pt片电极上的4.2倍。对酸性大红GR的降解实验表明,载铂二氧化钛纳米管电极催化活性高、降解快速高效     

Photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes with H<Subscript>3</Subscript>PW<Subscript>12</Subscript>O<Subscript>40</Subscript>/TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript>–SiO<Subscript>2</Subscript>

H₃PW₁₂O₄₀/TiO₂–SiO₂ was synthesized by impregnation method which significantly improved the catalytic activity under simulated natural light. The properties of the samples were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD), Scanning electron micrographs (SEM), and Zeta potential. Degradation of methyl violet was used as a probe reaction to explore the influencing factors on the photodegradation reaction. The results show that the optimal conditions are as follows: initial concentration of methyl violet of 10 mg·L^?1, pH of 3.0, catalyst dosage of 2.9 g·L^?1, and light irradiation time of 2.5 h. Under these conditions, the degradation rate of methyl violet is 95.4 %. The reaction on photodegradation for methyl violet can be expressed as the first-order kinetic model, and the possible mechanism for the photocatalysis under simulated natural light is suggested. After used continuously for five times, the catalyst keeps the inherent photocatalytic activity for degradation of dyes. The photodegradation of methyl orange, methyl red, naphthol green B, and methylene blue was also tested, and the degradation rate of dyes can reach 81 %–100 %.     

氮掺杂二氧化钛薄膜的制备与光催化性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了氮掺杂改性的TiO2薄膜,用表面形貌仪、扫描电镜和光电子能谱仪等分析薄膜的厚度、表面形貌和成分,研究了薄膜对亚甲基蓝的光催化降解速率.结果表明,通过加入尿素实现了氮离子在TiO2晶格间的间隙掺杂和替位掺杂.薄膜厚度在50～200 nm之间,表面平整.氮离子掺杂使TiO2薄膜的光催化活性大大提高,当氮掺杂TiO2薄膜中N/Ti原子比为0.015时,单层氮掺杂TiO2薄膜降解亚甲基蓝一半所需要的时间为2.5 h.     

电场对TiO2光催化降解亚甲蓝的影响研究

主要研究了电场对纳米TiO2光催化降解亚甲蓝的影响,在透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、比表面积(BET)等方法测定纳米TiO2结构的基础上,结合不同结构纳米TiO2在不同电场强度下催化降解亚甲蓝的性能测试,探讨了电场影响纳米TiO2催化降解亚甲蓝反应机理。结果表明:N及F掺杂溶剂热合成法制备的纳米TiO2颗粒尺寸小且粒径均匀,电场的引入降低了纳米TiO2的光催化性能,而且下降程度与电场强度的变化成反比,反应动力学拟合表明,电场下不同结构的纳米TiO2催化降解亚甲蓝反应均为一级反应。     

载银TiO2纳米管阵列的光催化和抗菌性能研究

利用阳极氧化法在钛金属基体表面制备高度有序的TiO2纳米管阵列薄膜(TNA),将其浸泡在AgNO3溶液中,通过紫外光照射,得到Ag纳米颗粒负载在TNA表面的复合结构(Ag-TNA)。采用SEM、EDS、XRD、XPS、UV-Vis光谱等手段对Ag-TNA复合结构进行分析,研究了Ag-TNA复合纳米结构的光催化性能、光电化学性能及抗菌性能。结果表明,相对于TNA,Ag-TNA复合结构表现出更为优良的光电化学活性,同时又具有优良的广谱抗菌性能。