深圳市基本公共卫生服务项目成本测算研究

目的分析深圳市公共卫生服务成本及其构成情况,为社区公共卫生服务项目补偿制度提供科学的依据。方法随机抽取深圳市67家社区健康服务中心进行公共卫生服务成本测算和调查。结果深圳市2013年基本公共卫生服务项目的实际项目总成本为21766.41万元,标化后的项目成本为23032.16万元,标化后的项目总成本高于实际项目总成本,人均成本为68.47。结论深圳市人均基本卫生服务成本与实际需求相比较低,公共卫生服务投入有待进一步提高,政府应根据公共卫生服务项目内涵的变化,结合深圳市人口结构、经济发展状况,提高基本公共卫生服务项目的经费补助以及进行资源的合理配置。     

东莞市某镇基本公共卫生服务成本测算

目的 测算东莞市某镇基本公共卫生服务项目成本,为政府建立合理的补偿机制提供科学依据.方法 采用供方分析法,测算社区卫生服务机构完成基本公共卫生项目所需的标准配置人力,在此基础上测算人力成本、机构运营成本及总成本.结果 该镇2011年基本公共卫生服务项目的总成本为9 251 887元,人均成本为22.10元;2012-2014年人均成本分别为24.62元、27.43元和30.56元.结论 该镇人均基本公共卫生服务成本相对较低,社区卫生人力配置有待进一步提升,政府应该根据基本公共卫生服务项目内涵的变化以及社会经济发展状况对基本公共卫生服务项目进行合理补偿.     

基于2022年四川省基本公共卫生服务费用的成本测算分析

目的 测算四川省不同地区基层医疗卫生机构基本公共卫生服务成本，为政府财政补偿提供依据。方法 采用分层随机抽样与典型抽样相结合的方法，从四川省6个市州抽取54家基层医疗卫生机构，调查其2022年开展基本公共卫生服务项目所花费的时间和物质消耗情况。运用时间分配系数法，测算基层医疗机构开展基本公共卫生服务所花费的实际成本；使用标准工作时间矫正获得标准成本。结果 调查机构2022年基本公共卫生服务项目的实际总成本为11 968.28万元，标准总成本为12 719.85万元；实际人均成本为73.85元/年，标准人均成本78.49/年。结论 项目标准成本高于实际成本，标准人均成本也高于人均项目经费补助标准，四川省基本公共卫生服务项目投入总体不足，政府应提高项目经费补助。     

用标准成本法测算社区公共卫生服务项目成本

本研究抽取北京市丰台区7家社区卫生服务中心,采用定性访谈和现场问卷调查,了解2008年公共卫生服务项目开展情况和成本信息,运用标准成本法进行公共卫生服务项目成本测算,得到社区公共卫生服务项目户籍人口人均成本为25．30元,加上流动人口后的实际服务人口人均成本为14．61元。     

中医药纳入基本公共卫生服务

中国国家卫生和计划生育委员会、中国财政部、中国国家中医药管理局日前联合发出关于做好2013年国家基本公共卫生服务项目工作的通知。其中,通知要求将中医药健康管理服务纳入基本公共卫生服务范围。在公布的国家基本公共卫生服务项目中发现,2013年人均基本公共卫生服务经费补助标准由25元提高至30元。新增经费主要用于做实、做细、做深现有基本公共卫生服务,同时进一步扩大受益人群范围,强化基础性服务项目。值得注意的是,2013年人均基本公共卫生服务的新增经费中,更多涵盖了中医药服务内容,新增加了"中     

四川省村卫生室基本公共卫生服务成本测算

目的 通过对四川省村卫生室开展的基本公共卫生服务项目成本进行测算,为建立基于成本测算的筹资补偿机制提供科学依据.方法 采用问卷调查法、访谈法及时间系数法.结果 11大类项目中,平均成本位于前3位的依次是老年人健康管理、孕产妇健康管理和2型糖尿病患者健康管理,项目成本分别为51.48元、38.13元和34.63元.34个小项中,成本最高的为举办健康知识讲座、咨询活动(30.55元/次);成本最低的为预防接种建卡建册(0.85元/次).村卫生室基本公共卫生服务人均补偿低于人均实际成本.结论 不同经济地区基本公共卫生服务成本存在差异,村卫生室应提高服务效率,加强成本控制.     

基本公卫项目开展“喜忧参半”

在卫生部近日召开的国家基本公共卫生服务项目推进会上,卫生部项目监管中心公布了2010年度国家基本公共卫生服务项目考核报告。报告显示,9类基本公共卫生服务工作逐步推进,各地人均补助经费达到15元。居民健康档案建档率基本达到要求,并且不同程度地开展了项目督导、绩效考核工作。     

四城市社区公共卫生服务项目成本测算

目的：测算沈阳、成都和西宁等4城市社区公共卫生服务项目成本．为完善其社区卫生服务补偿机制提供基本依据。方法：调查社区卫生服务机构在提供社区公共卫生服务过程中6大类成本的消耗情况．用成本测算方法计算出各服务项目的成本。结果：2003年各城市开展的公共卫生服务项目和准公共卫生服务项目平均为13项和10项，其人均成本平均为0．74元和1．07元结论：4城市社区公共卫生服务项目成本较低，按各市目前开展规模测算，政府投入明显不足     

我国基本公共卫生服务均等化水平逐步提高

2020年2月10日,国家卫生健康委员会发布的基层医疗卫生体系发展基本情况表明,我国基本公共卫生服务均等化水平逐步提高。让疾病在基层早发现、早诊断、早治疗,这是我国卫生健康工作用有限投入取得较高产出的关键。2009年,国家基本公共卫生服务项目启动,人均财政补助标准15元,城乡居民免费获得。2019年,国家基本公共卫生服务项目人均财政补助标准提高至69元,项目服务内容进一步丰富,其中有12类项目主要由基层医疗卫生机构提供。通过项目的开展,城乡居民甚至是最边远、最贫困的农民居民也可以公平获得基本公共卫生服务项目,预防为主的卫生与健康工作方针落到了实处。     

黑龙江省城市社区基本公共卫生服务成本核算与分析

目的:通过对社区卫生机构开展基本公共卫生服务项目的成本核算,为各级政府及相关部门制定合理的项目经费补助标准提供参考。方法:现场访谈和数据采集,掌握基本公共卫生服务项目开展情况,采用完全成本法核算人均成本。结果:11家机构开展12类45项基本公共卫生服务项目的人均总成本为43.46元/人年,其中直接成本35.68元/人年,间接成本为7.78元/人年,人力成本所占比重最大。结论:机构开展基本公共卫生服务项目经费不足以及管理不规范,应引起各级政府及相关部门的重视并采取相应的补偿措施。     

Two-part models for cost with zeros to decompose effects of covariates on probability of cost,mean nonzero cost,and mean total cost

Health care cost data often contain many zero values, for patients who did not use any care. Two-part models with logistic models for part I, probability of use (ie, nonzero cost) and log-link models for part II, mean cost of use (ie, nonzero cost) are often used. Effects of exposures or covariates on total (marginal) cost are often of interest, and recent work has proposed useful methods. Factors that affect total cost do so through a combination of effects on probability of use and cost of use. Such a decomposition is needed to understand and act on factors that affect total cost, but little work has been done on this question. This paper presents two new methods for decomposing effects on total cost, namely, an adjusted approach based on log-binomial models for part I and a population average approach based on counterfactual arguments. Extensive simulations illustrate performance, interpretation, and robustness over a wide range of data features. The method is applied to risk-adjusted 30-day outpatient cardiac cost for patients following percutaneous coronary intervention from the Department of Veterans Affairs Clinical Assessment, Reporting, and Tracking Program. Results illustrate the simple decomposition of effects on total cost into components for probability of use and cost of use.     

Opportunity cost

Opportunity cost and trade-off - similar concepts with slightly different meanings and definitions in different fields - are concepts that we were all probably first exposed to as a toddler. For most women however, opportunity cost and trade-off is a part of their daily lives as they try to balance their needs, including their health needs, with the demands of their families, careers and never-ending 'to do' lists.     

建立统一成本核算平台 加强医院成本管控

医院如何依托内部运行机制改革对各项资源进行合理管理与调配,全方位整合财务业务链,才能既降低群众医药费用,又能保持医院"优质、高效、低耗"的发展,实现医改环境下医院加强经济内涵建设发展的目标。文章通过建立医院统一成本核算平台,力求通过医院内部运行机制改革,运用有效的管理手段与方法,提高医院的运行效率。     

Estimation of immunization providers' activities cost, medication cost, and immunization dose errors cost in Iraq

The immunization status of children is improved by interventions that increase community demand for compulsory and non-compulsory vaccines, one of the most important interventions related to immunization providers. The aim of this study is to evaluate the activities of immunization providers in terms of activities time and cost, to calculate the immunization doses cost, and to determine the immunization dose errors cost. Time-motion and cost analysis study design was used. Five public health clinics in Mosul-Iraq participated in the study. Fifty (50) vaccine doses were required to estimate activities time and cost. Micro-costing method was used; time and cost data were collected for each immunization-related activity performed by the clinic staff. A stopwatch was used to measure the duration of activity interactions between the parents and clinic staff. The immunization service cost was calculated by multiplying the average salary/min by activity time per minute. 528 immunization cards of Iraqi children were scanned to determine the number and the cost of immunization doses errors (extraimmunization doses and invalid doses). The average time for child registration was 6.7 min per each immunization dose, and the physician spent more than 10 min per dose. Nurses needed more than 5 min to complete child vaccination. The total cost of immunization activities was 1.67 US$ per each immunization dose. Measles vaccine (fifth dose) has a lower price (0.42 US$) than all other immunization doses. The cost of a total of 288 invalid doses was 744.55 US$ and the cost of a total of 195 extra immunization doses was 503.85 US$. The time spent on physicians' activities was longer than that spent on registrars' and nurses' activities. Physician total cost was higher than registrar cost and nurse cost. The total immunization cost will increase by about 13.3% owing to dose errors.     

医用设备的成本管理和成本控制

现代科学技术的成果在医学领域的广泛应用，为人类生存条件的改善和生活质量的提高作出了巨大贡献，但同时也导致了医疗费用的高速上涨。大型医用设备是现代高新技术的突出代表，我国医疗机构在其引进和使用中同样存在着因盲目购置和不合理使用而造成卫生资源浪费的现象。在目前卫生体制改革的背景下，加强对医用设备的成本管理和成本控制，通过控制初始投资规模；合理配置资源和提高设备利用率来提高投资的经济性是非常必要和迫切的。     

The cost of doing business: cost structure of electronic immunization registries

OBJECTIVE: To predict the true cost of developing and maintaining an electronic immunization registry, and to set the framework for developing future cost-effective and cost-benefit analysis. DATA SOURCES/STUDY SETTING: Primary data collected at three immunization registries located in California, accounting for 90 percent of all immunization records in registries in the state during the study period. STUDY DESIGN: A parametric cost analysis compared registry development and maintenance expenditures to registry performance requirements. DATA COLLECTION/EXTRACTION METHODS: Data were collected at each registry through interviews, reviews of expenditure records, technical accomplishments development schedules, and immunization coverage rates. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The cost of building immunization registries is predictable and independent of the hardware/software combination employed. The effort requires four man-years of technical effort or approximately $250,000 in 1998 dollars. Costs for maintaining a registry were approximately $5,100 per end user per three-year period. CONCLUSIONS: There is a predictable cost structure for both developing and maintaining immunization registries. The cost structure can be used as a framework for examining the cost-effectiveness and cost-benefits of registries. The greatest factor effecting improvement in coverage rates was ongoing, user-based administrative investment.