一种级联的激光主动成像图像融合降噪算法

针对激光主动成像图像混合噪声的特点,提出了一种投票中值滤波和整数提升小波级联的融合降噪算法。首先对激光图像进行噪声像素点检测,区分噪声点与非噪声点;而后采用投票中值滤波对噪声点进行处理,抑制脉冲噪声;然后采用整数提升小波变换对图像进行Bayes自适应阈值去噪,抑制散斑噪声;最后通过逆变换得到去噪图像。通过实验比对结果表明,该方法在具有良好的去噪、边缘保持性能的同时,还具有较为理想的实时性。     

基于差分法的噪声检测和变分法的图像滤波算法

针对图像的椒盐噪声滤除算法中,在噪声检测阶段对噪声点的检测通常不够准确,在噪声恢复阶段,又缺乏对边缘信息的保护,文中提出了一种两步复原法,以用于复原被脉冲噪声破坏的模糊图像。算法将滤噪过程分为噪声检测和噪声恢复阶段。噪声检测过程中,在滑动窗口扩大当前的像素值和其他像素值之间的有序差异,来确定当前像素是否为噪声像素。而在噪声恢复过程中利用变分法,确保图像的边缘和细节。实验结果表明,文中所提检测、降噪方法在噪声密度较高的情况下,优于其他算法。     

微小零件显微检测图像的清晰度评价

根据微小零件显微检测图像纹理相似、边缘信息太少和灰度分布范围有限等特点,从算法的基本原理出发,对传统清晰度评价函数进行了分析。针对传统清晰度评价函数无法兼具高灵敏度和抗噪性的缺陷,提出了一种基于局域方差信息熵的清晰度评价算法。该算法利用局域方差对各灰度级的自信息量进行加权,一方面弥补了信息熵函数缺失的空间信息,避免清晰度误判;另一方面增加清晰区域像素参与计算信息量时的权重,同时减少背景区域和噪声区域像素计算的权重,从而提高函数灵敏度。实验结果表明,与传统清晰度评价函数相比,局域方差信息熵函数不仅灵敏度很高,而且具有较好的抗噪性,可用于实际的自动对焦系统中。     

基于模糊三值模式的矿物浮选泡沫图像边缘检测方法

针对一类边缘特征不明显的矿物浮选泡沫图像,提出了一种基于模糊三值模式的泡沫图像边缘检测方法.在‘0/1’二值模式基础上,增加不确定逻辑状态,构成模糊局部三值模式,以描述邻域像素灰度均值的不确定关系,同时,对邻域双向灰度差值之和进行模糊化,以描述边缘与非边缘方向的关系,联立邻域灰度关系与双向灰度差值隶属度,构造气泡边缘隶属度矩阵,依据联合隶属度的解模糊结果判决是否为边界候选像素,再根据边界候选像素集合的特征剔除非边界像素,以此得到泡沫边缘.实验结果表明,该方法能够有效地检测出气泡边缘,同时,在强噪声环境下,具有良好的鲁棒性.     

SAR图像的自动分割方法研究

由于存在相干斑噪声的影响,给SAR图像分割造成很大的困难,该文提出了一种SAR图像的自动分割方法。首先在特征提取阶段,通过计算小波能量提取纹理信息,用邻域统计量提取灰度信息,用保边缘平均灰度提取边缘信息,以确保边缘准确。然后提出一种改进的完全无监督的聚类算法进行图像分割,该算法可以自动确定分割的类型数目。由于该方法充分考虑了SAR图像的纹理、灰度和边缘信息,因而极大地提高了其最终分割性能。实验结果证明了该方法的有效性。     

基于细节保留的椒盐噪声自适应滤波算法

针对灰度图像中椒盐噪声的特点,提出了一种更加精确的噪声检测方法:该方法利用滤波窗口内像素点灰度值的不同,将受椒盐噪声污染的图像中像素点划分为噪声点,疑似噪声点和信号点.通过设定阈值,并参考相邻像素点的相关性来进一步区分疑似噪声点,最终建立噪声标记矩阵.对于被标记的噪声点,采用自适应滤波算法,保留更多的图像细节.仿真结果表明,该算法在除去噪声点的同时,对于边缘细节也有非常好的保护作用.     

Monochromatic-Based Method for Impulse Noise Detection and Suppression in Color Images

A new method to detect and reduce the impulse noise in color images is presented in this paper. The method consists of two stages: detection and filtering. Since each of the individual channels (components) of the color image can be considered as a monochrome image, both stages are applied to each channel separately, and then the individual results are combined into one output image. The corrupted pixels are detected in the first stage based on a proposed innovative switching technique. The noise-free pixels are copied to their corresponding locations in the output image. In the second stage, average filtering is applied only to those pixels which are determined to be noisy in the first stage, and only noise-free pixel values are involved in calculating this average. The size of the sliding window depends on the estimated noise density and is very small even for high noise densities. The proposed method is effective in noise reduction while preserving edge details and color chromaticity. Simulation results show that the proposed method outperforms all the tested existing state-of-the-art methods used in digital color image restoration in both standard objective measurements and perceived image quality.     

基于LS-SVM的复轮廓波变换的图像去噪

针对传统的轮廓波变换图像去噪时引入边缘混叠现象,提出了复轮廓波变换(Complex Contourlet Transform,CCT)和最小二乘支持向量机(LS-SVM)的图像去噪方法.该方法充分利用了复轮廓变换的平移不变性、多方向性以及LS-SVM的小样本学习能力,应用训练好的LS-SVM模型将含噪图像的CCT系数分为含噪点和非含噪点,进行去噪处理.仿真结果表明该算法有效保护图像边缘纹理信息,其峰值信噪比明显高于其他算法,并且具有良好的视觉效果.     

基于多结构多尺度形态学梯度的医学图像边缘检测

边缘检测在医学图像处理中占着至关重要的位置,检测的准确性将直接影响诊断和治疗。本文针对传统边缘检测算子对噪声敏感的不足,结合医学图像的特点,提出了一种形态学梯度运算的修正算法。首先由闭一开运算完成图像预处理以滤除噪声,再作闭运算平滑图像,最后对平滑的图像作多尺度的形态学梯度运算,得到噪声存在下的理想边缘,并将其用于医学图象的边缘检测。实验结果表明,该算法具有良好的边缘提取能力,抗噪性能良好,具有一定的实用性。     

模糊神经网络像素分类的稀疏表示医学CT图像去噪方法

在医学CT成像过程中,由于引入了不可避免的噪声,致使图像质量下降,影响临床诊断。因此,研究医学CT图像降噪方法在诊疗服务中具有重要意义。本文结合图像分割的思想,利用模糊神经网络将图像像素分成边缘区、平滑区与纹理区等不同图像区域,通过小波稀疏表示对不同类型的图像块进行阈值去噪处理,以便更好地保留医学CT图像的细节特征。实验结果表明,本文算法对医学CT图像降噪有一定的效果,峰值信噪比（PSNR）和结构相似性指数（SSIM）都得到了改善,更好并且很好地保留CT图像的细节信息。      

噪声图像中提取边缘的蚁群搜索算法

该文提出一种边缘引导的蚁群搜索算法,以解决常用的边缘提取方法抑制噪声能力不强,提取边缘不连续的缺点.此算法首先进行边缘检测获取由真实边缘和噪声组成的可能边缘点;然后利用可能边缘信息引导蚁群迭代搜索局部边缘曲线,并根据蚂蚁搜索曲线的长度更新其行走路径上的信息素分布,使搜索逐渐向真实的边缘收敛;最后,依据信息素遗留提取真实的边缘曲线.相对传统的蚁群算法,该文利用边缘信息引导蚁群搜索,增强了搜索的目的性,提高了算法效率.多组噪声图像的实验表明:该算法能够有效地从噪声图像中提取物体的真实边缘,在最大限度地保留细节信息的同时抑制噪声.     

噪声密度不敏感的随机采样椒盐噪声滤波算法

中值滤波系列算法在处理被不同密度椒盐噪声污染的细节图像和平坦图像时,降噪性能不一致。本文借鉴开关中值滤波和压缩感知的思想,提出了随机采样滤波算法去除椒盐噪声。算法以噪声检测为基础,将被椒盐噪声污染的图像分为疑似噪声像素和信号像素,随机采样仅对信号像素采样。然后,利用正交匹配追踪算法重构出被污染前的图像,替代了中值滤波对噪声像素的估计。由于随机采样滤波基于压缩感知理论,对稀疏信号的重构具有最少测量次数的条件,因此随机采样点的数量具有一定的浮动空间,表现为对噪声密度不敏感。以被不同噪声密度污染图像的纹理、平坦局部区域进行验证,实验表明,当噪声密度在一定范围内变化时,算法可以实现对噪声密度不敏感。在高密度噪声污染的情况下,相较于中值滤波系列算法,随机采样滤波算法具有更好的细节保留能力和滤波能力。对标准测试图像进行了全局滤波,不同噪声密度具有一致的滤波效果,与自适应滤波算法相比,随机采样滤波算法在处理包含密集边缘特征的区域时更具备优势。      

Two-dimensional random adaptive sampling for image scanning

An efficient sampling algorithm for image scanning is proposed, suitable to represent "interesting" objects, defined as a set of spatially close measured values that springs out from a background noise (as in applied geophysics in the process of anomaly detection). This method generates a map of pixels randomly distributed in the plane and able to cover all the image with a reduced number of points with respect to a regular scanning. Simulation results show that a saving factor of about 50% is obtained without information loss. This result can be proved also by using a simplified model of the sampling mechanism. The algorithm is able to detect the presence of an object emerging from a low energy background and to adapt the sampling interval to the shape of the detected object. In this way, all of the interesting objects are well represented and can be adequately reconstructed, while the roughly sampling in the background produces an imperfect reconstruction. Simulation results show that the method is feasible with good performances and moderate complexity.     

基于小波和统计特性的自适应图像增强

本文提出一种用于图像特征增强的空频分析方法--图像经过多级小波分解后,依据邻域特性来判断各带通子带图像上的边缘点;依据统计特性来估计噪声在空频域上的分布,并依此构造具有空频自适应性的边缘增强增益;最后用调整后的小波系数重建图像.实验结果表明,本文算法在增强图像边缘的同时,能够有效减小对噪声的放大作用.     

An expeditious cum efficient algorithm for salt-and-pepper noise removal and edge-detail preservation using cardinal spline interpolation

This work proposes a faster and an efficient way to remove salt-and-pepper impulse noise and edge-preserving regularization of the henceforth obtained image. In this paper, we propose a two phase mechanism where the noisy pixels are identified and removed in the first phase. The detected noisy pixels in the first phase are involved in cardinal spline edge regularization process in the second phase. Promising results were found even for Noise levels as high as 95% with the proposed algorithm. The results were found to be much better than the previously proposed nonlinear filters or regularization methods both in terms of noise removal as well as edge regularization.     

Influence of a combination of random noise and pattern-edge width (in pixels) on contrast-to-gradient image resolution in scanning electron microscopy

The contrast-to-gradient (CG) method has been proposed previously for the evaluation of image resolution in scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In the CG algorithm, the image to be evaluated is gradually reduced to form the 1/r-reduced image (r = 1, 2, 3, ...) until the representative features of local patterns are accurately recognizable after the corresponding r-th noise reduction. We have studied the influence of a combination of random noise and pattern-edge width (in pixels) on the CG resolution R using both PC-made test images and typical SEM images. As the random noise is larger, the value of R becomes larger (or poorer). The increase in R due to the noise influence is more significant for the narrower width of the pattern edge. This satisfactorily agrees with the common idea that the image resolution is to reflect the sharpness of the pattern edge recognized in the image noise. By revising the form of DeltaR from the weighted standard fluctuation of R to the differential of R, a significantly weak N(dot)-dependency on R has been favorably confirmed, with keeping firmly the noise-dependency on R. Here, N(dot) is the number of pattern dots in the image.     

A 3D video visual comfort evaluation method on the consistency of accommodation and convergence

With the development of three-dimensional (3D) technology, visual fatigue problems in 3D video have got more attention. In this paper, we combine the human vision characteristics and depth perception theory, and propose a 3D video visual comfort evaluation method on the consistency of accommodation and convergence, which evaluates the visual comfort from the quantitative perspective under different horizontal disparities and viewing distances. The experimental results show that the proposed evaluation method exhibits good consistency with the subjective assessment results. This work has been supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.61271315). E-mail:kanbc15@mails.jlu.edu.cn      

应用特征点的彩色图像边缘检测算法

传统的边缘检测技主要通过全局图像扫描,寻找大于设定阈值的点,然后进行伪边缘点的筛除以及断裂边缘的连接。本文提出了一种基于图像特征点检测与边缘生长相结合的边缘检测算法。该方法将边缘看成一种特殊的区域,使用图像分割中区域生长的原理来生成边缘。首先在图像中寻找特征点作为边缘生长的种子点,然后以边缘梯度响应和区域相似度为生长规则,以层序遍历方式得到图像边缘。仿真结果显示,本文提出的算法可以减少参与比较的像素个数,去孤立的边缘,保证边缘的连续性和单一像素宽度。      

一种混合神经网络在颗粒图像边缘检测中的应用

本文提出了一种应用混合神经网络进行颗粒图像检测的方法。混合神经网络由用于对边缘候选图像的二值输入模式进行聚类特征提取的自组织竞争子网络（ＡＳＣＳＮＮ）和用于获取颗粒图像边缘矢量信息的ＢＰ子网络（ＢＰＳＮＮ）组成,边缘候选图像是通过采用基于灰度极小值算法提取的边缘候选象素获得。神经网络以边缘候选图像中的边缘候选象素及其邻域象素的二值模式作为训练样本。对经过噪声污染的图像进行实验表明,该方法获得的边缘图像封闭性好、边缘描述真实,抗干扰能力较强,适用于颗粒图像的边缘检测。     

结合边缘检测的快速SIFT图像拼接方法

为了对身管内壁序列图像进行精确配准与融合拼接,得到大视场高分辨率待检测图像,根据图像特点提出了一种结合边缘检测的快速SIFT图像拼接方法。该方法充分考虑待处理图像的特点,首先对感兴趣区域的图像进行边缘检测,分割出细节信息最丰富的子区域,再对分割出的子区域提取SIFT特征点并进行配准。然后,使用基于Sigmoid型函数权重的图像融合方法,实现图像之间的无缝融合,最大程度地保证了融合图像的清晰度和细节信息的完整性。实验结果表明:改进的方法和传统SIFT算法相比,在特征点提取阶段的平均效率提高了80%左右,且整体配准阶段的效率也有较大提高。图像融合结果在主观评价和各种客观评价值上都能满足工程实际需求。