用粉煤灰制备多孔陶瓷过滤材料的研究

以工业废弃物粉煤灰为原料, 制备多孔陶瓷过滤材料, 为优化配方和工艺参数, 采用正交试验研究了混合料水分、成型压力、粘结剂用量、造孔剂用量和烧结温度对多孔陶瓷性能的影响。研究结果表明:烧结温度和造孔剂用量对多孔陶瓷性能的影响最大, 粘结剂用量和成型压力次之, 混合料水分最小。在混合料水分24%、成型压力10.2 MPa、粘结剂用量4%、造孔剂用量35%、烧结温度1 180 ℃的条件下, 可获得以莫来石和石英为主要晶相的多孔陶瓷过滤材料, 其气孔率、抗弯强度、吸水率、体积密度和耐酸碱值分别为41.52%、9.37 MPa、36.38%、1.14g/cm³、96.15%和94.77%。SEM照片显示多孔陶瓷具有发达的气孔和很高的比表面积。     

La负载赤泥-粉煤灰基多孔陶瓷制备研究

以赤泥和粉煤灰为主要原料,添加造孔剂制备了赤泥-粉煤灰基多孔陶瓷基体,在基体表面负载稀土制备了La负载赤泥-粉煤灰基多孔陶瓷。结果表明:赤泥和粉煤灰比例为8∶2,造孔剂添加量为40%,在1 020 ℃下烧结、保温60 min制备的多孔陶瓷的气孔率为52.5%、体积密度为1.83 g/cm³、碎裂应力为121.26 N,稀土负载量为1.61%,对Cr(Ⅵ)吸附量为0.405 6 mg/g。     

稀土尾矿制备多孔陶瓷及其性能

以稀土尾矿为主要原料,高岭土尾矿为黏结剂,长石为助熔剂,外掺碳化硅为造孔剂,制备多孔陶瓷材料。研究碳化硅用量及烧结温度对多孔陶瓷气孔率、抗折强度、体积密度以及吸水率的影响,并对制品的表观形貌和物相组成进行分析。结果表明,碳化硅用量与烧结温度对多孔陶瓷性能有明显影响,随着碳化硅用量的增加和烧结温度的升高,多孔陶瓷的气孔孔径明显增大。在碳化硅用量为0.5%,烧结温度为1 140℃,保温时间为20 min的条件下,可制得性能优异的多孔陶瓷材料,此时制品气孔率为73.5%,抗折强度为1.72 MPa,体积密度为438 kg/m~3,吸水率为1.5%,气孔孔径介于2～4 mm,满足T/CECS 480-2017《发泡陶瓷保温板应用技术规程》性能要求。烧结后多孔陶瓷物相组成主要为石英、白榴石和莫来石。     

造孔剂用量对新型医用多孔Ti-Mo-Ta-Nb-Zr合金组织与性能的影响

采用添加造孔剂的粉末冶金方法制备新型医用多孔Ti-Mo-Ta-Nb-Zr合金,研究造孔剂用量对多孔材料组织形貌及压缩力学性能的影响。结果表明,多孔Ti-Mo-Ta-Nb-Zr合金孔隙率与造孔剂用量呈线性关系,P=1.9 Wt+3.8(P为孔隙率,Wt为造孔剂用量)。当造孔剂用量达到15%时,孔隙率超过32%,并开始出现有利于体液传输的通孔结构,同时发现造孔剂用量不影响其所造孔隙大小形状。多孔Ti-Mo-Ta-Nb-Zr合金的相结构主要为β相和少量的α相。随着造孔剂用量增加β相分数有所减少,当造孔剂用量达到20%时,多孔钛合金中出现未知相。多孔Ti-Mo-Ta-Nb-Zr合金的压缩强度和压缩弹性模量均随造孔剂用量的增加而降低,造孔剂用量为15%~20%制备的多孔合金压缩强度为104~254 MPa,压缩弹性模量为2.33~6.14 GPa,与人体骨骼相接近,最适用作人体植入材料。     

造孔剂含量对新型医用多孔Ti-Mo-Ta-Nb-Zr合金组织性能的影响

采用添加造孔剂的粉末冶金方法制备新型医用多孔Ti-Mo-Ta-Nb-Zr合金,研究造孔剂含量对多孔材料组织形貌及压缩力学性能的影响。结果表明多孔Ti-Mo-Ta-Nb-Zr合金孔隙率与造孔剂含量呈线性关系,其表达式是：P=1.9.Wt 3.8(P为孔隙率,Wt为造孔剂含量),当造孔剂含量达到15%时,孔隙率超过32%,并开始出现有利于体液的传输的通孔结构,同时发现造孔剂含量不影响其所造孔隙大小形状;多孔Ti-Mo-Ta-Nb-Zr合金的相结构主要为β相和少量的α相,并且随着造孔剂含量增加β相分数有所减少,当造孔剂含量达到20%时,多孔钛合金中出现了未知相;多孔Ti-Mo-Ta-Nb-Zr合金的压缩强度和压缩弹性模量均随造孔剂含量的增加而降低,造孔剂含量为15～20%制备得到的多孔合金压缩强度为104～254MPa,压缩弹性模量为2.33～6.14GPa,与人体骨骼相接近,最适用作人体植入材料。     

无造孔剂模压烧结制备多孔Cu60Zn40合金的工艺及组织调控

金属多孔材料在制备过程中通常需要掺杂造孔剂以调控孔隙结构,但去除造孔剂需要较长时间,且残留造孔剂会对母材造成污染或腐蚀。以水雾化Cu₆₀Zn₄₀合金粉末为原材料,在未掺杂造孔剂条件下,采用单轴限位模压和烧结工艺制备了多孔Cu₆₀Zn₄₀合金,深入研究了高度压缩比和烧结时间对其孔隙结构的影响。研究结果表明,在未掺杂造孔剂的情况下,粉末冶金制备的多孔Cu₆₀Zn₄₀合金的孔隙结构主要受压制条件和烧结工艺控制。随着压坯高度压缩比从1.6增加至2.0,多孔Cu₆₀Zn₄₀合金的孔隙率降低了48.15%,同时最大孔径、平均孔径和最小孔径分别减小了45.51%、46.72%和66.43%。尽管孔隙形貌未发生明显变化,但该调控方式有效改变了合金的孔隙尺寸。随着烧结时间延长,多孔Cu₆₀Zn₄₀合金的孔隙形状明显趋于球形化,而孔隙率和孔隙尺寸变化幅度较小。因此,采用模压烧结法制备的多孔Cu₆₀Zn₄₀合金,可通过调整高度压缩比灵活调控开孔隙率和孔隙尺寸,可通过调控烧结时间优化孔隙形貌。此外,在多孔Cu₆₀Zn₄₀合金的烧结过程中,锌的挥发量与高度压缩比成反比,与烧结时间成正比。本研究为无掺杂造孔剂调控金属多孔材料孔隙结构提供了可靠的理论和技术支持,对粉末冶金制备金属多孔材料具有重要理论和实际意义。     

粉末烧结法制备多孔铜及其性能研究

以铜粉和K_2CO_3颗粒为原料,用粉末烧结法制备出孔隙率为69%~81%的多孔铜。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)观察分析其微观组织和化学成分,研究原料配比、烧结温度对孔隙率及压缩性能的影响,分析孔隙率与吸能效率的关系。结果表明,多孔铜内孔洞大小不一,大孔直径约180~210μm,小孔直径约2~6μm;多孔铜中造孔剂K_2CO_3已充分溶解,且随着铜与K_2CO_3配比的减少,多孔铜孔隙率增大,同时多孔铜压缩曲线平台区随着孔隙率增大而增长;烧结温度对孔隙率以及压缩性能影响较小;孔隙率对吸能性有影响,孔隙率越大其吸能性越好。     

氧化铝多孔支撑体的制备

采用挤出成型工艺，选择合适用量的开孔剂和合理的烧结温度及原料粒径，制备19通道的α-Al2O3。粉体，以7％碳粉为开孔剂，烧结温度为1300℃，可以成功制得孔径分布较窄、平均孔径为2．1μm、孔隙率为48．9%的多通道无机膜支撑体。实验中成功制备了管长1m，外径30mm，内径4mm的多孔氧化铝陶瓷膜支撑体。     

粉煤灰-煤矸石质多孔陶粒的制备研究

以粉煤灰和煤矸石为主要原料,采用添加造孔剂法烧制出粉煤灰多孔陶粒,研究了原料中粉煤灰与煤矸石的配比、烧结温度对多孔陶粒的烧结外观、气孔率、抗压碎强度、晶相组成和微观结构的影响。实验结果表明,随着煤矸石添加量和烧结温度升高,气孔率下降,抗压碎强度增大;当成孔剂添加量30%、粉煤灰与煤矸石质量比46.2∶19.8、烧结温度1 120 ℃、保温时间30 min时,所得多孔陶粒晶相组成稳定,抗压碎强度较高,内部孔隙发达,且多为三维贯通的通孔结构。     

负载铁沸石催化剂催化氧化降解偶氮染料活性黑5的研究

采用浸渍法,以FeSO_4溶液为浸渍剂对沸石进行浸渍制备负载铁沸石催化剂。研究了H_2O_2存在条件下负载铁沸石催化剂催化氧化降解染料活性黑5的性能及机理。结果表明,负载铁沸石催化剂对染料活性黑5的催化降解效果明显优于未负载沸石,其最优制备条件为FeSO_4溶液浓度0.1 mol/L,浸泡时间12 h,焙烧温度450℃,焙烧时间3 h;在反应时间为60 min,反应温度30℃,染料废水p H为3,H_2O_2浓度为200 mg/L,催化剂投加量1.5 g/L的条件下,活性黑5降解效率最高,为98.9%。负载铁沸石催化剂催化氧化降解偶氮染料活性黑5过程中,·OH自由基起主导作用。     

Market and recycling of NiMH battery

<正>Market status and future trend of NiMH battery1.Global market of small NiMH battery Global market size of small NiMH batteries declined year on year since 2011.The trend will continue to 2018,at the rate of 5%to 10%annually.Demand for small NiMH batteries will be stable gradually.Many electrical apparatuses are powered by the built-in lithium battery today,which is the main reason for the shrunk market of small NiMH batteries.But,for some products,small NiMH     

China rare earth market review

正September 1-10,2014 Affected by the National Day holiday,rare earth transaction was stagnant and the market showed a weak steady state.As there was no good news for downstream market,some products with flat demand would likely rally slightly for some time to     

Current situation and future trend of China rare earth luminescent materialindustry(continued)

<正>Developing ecological lighting source The world is facing the big problem of energy shortage today and the contradiction between economy development and environmental protection is worsened.Therefore,people are more likely to choose an ecological light source that is more energy efficient and environmental friendly.The choice provides great opportunity for the development of rare earth optical material industry in China.The concept of green lighting positions rare earth luminescent material as a leading player in illumination market.The light source of both rare earth luminescent lamp and LED lamp is ecological and energy saving.This is why     

Galaxy Magnets achieved the net profit of 34.02 million yuan in the first six months of 2014

正Galaxy Magnet announced its financial results for the first half of 2014 on August 14.For the first six months ended on 30 June 2014,Galaxy Magnet achieved operation income of RMB 182.3 million,up8.40% over the same period of 2013,and the net profit attributable to the shareholders of the listed company of 34.02 million yuan,increasing 35.49% over the same period of last year.Stable performance increase was led by development of new customers and application market of magnets.     

Rare Earth Application in Steel in China

<正>China has rich rare earth resources.Output of rare earth and steel in China ranks the top first in the world.However,there is still certain distance between the steel produced in China and developed countries from the point of varieties and quality.China still has to import some types of steel.Improving the quality should be emphasiZed in future development of steel industry in China.Rare earth can be used to upgrade traditional steel     

China rare earth market review

正November 21~30,2014Due to weak demand from downstream industries,transactions of rare earth in Chinese domestic market were inactive.It was difficult to sell any rare earth products except for dysprosium oxide and terbium oxide.Suppliers lost confidence in recent market.Demand for rare earth products was soft.Consumers continued to take a wait-and-see attitude.Rare earth export market remained slow.     

稀散金属产业的观察与思考

分析了近年来国内外稀散金属产业的生产、应用、资源与市场状况.铟锡氧化物靶材、砷化镓晶片、锗红外材料、铼高温合金和硒在电解锰及玻璃的应用等已成为稀散金属的主要应用领域.稀散金属的产量快速增长达到历史高位而导致了市场的失衡.以GaInP_2/GaAs/Ge,CIGS和CdTe为代表的非硅系太阳能电池是稀散金属的新兴应用领域,将给稀散金属带来日益增长的需求.     

Current situation and future trend of China rare earth luminescent material industry

<正>Rare earth luminescent material is one of the most important application sectors of rare earths.China enjoys the exceptional advantage to develop rare earth luminescent material for its abundant rare earth resources.After several decades'endeavor,China's rare earth luminescent material industry,headed by rare earth phosphor for lamp and LED and high efficient rare earth energy-saving light source,has been gradually developed into a scale industry.China has become a major production base of rare earth phosphor for lamps and rare earth     

China rare earth market review

正June 1~10,2014Rare earth market remained weak.Quoted price of rare earth products was similar to that in May.There was no sign of recovery in downstream market.The market of NdFeB magnetic materials and phosphor was depressed.Catalyst,polishing powder and ceramic industries remained inactive.Demand from downstream industry was soft.Consumers purchased on their needs.Suppliers had strong intention to sell.Prices of rare earth products     

2014 second batch of rare earth quota released

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