环氧树脂的增韧改性研究进展

综述了环氧树脂增韧的研究进展。主要介绍了环氧树脂的增韧方法(热塑性树脂增韧、热致性液晶聚合物增韧、核壳聚合物粒子增韧、原位聚合增韧等)及相关增韧机理,展望了今后环氧树脂增韧改性的发展趋势。     

环氧树脂的增韧改性研究进展

综述了环氧树脂增韧的研究进展。主要介绍了环氧树脂的增韧方法（热塑性树脂增韧、热致性液晶聚合物增韧、核壳聚合物粒子增韧、原位聚合增韧等）及相关增韧机理，展望了今后环氧树脂增韧改性的发展趋势。     

纤维表面原位化学氧化聚合制备复合导电可纺纤维

采用原位化学氧化聚合方法在纤维(聚丙烯腈、蚕丝蛋白)表面生长导电聚合物(聚苯胺、聚吡咯和聚3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩),制备得到纤维表面均匀覆盖导电聚合物的复合导电可纺纤维,其电导率随不同的纤维、不同的导电聚合物而处于10-1～10-3S/cm.纤维表面与导电聚合物的相互作用改善了原纤维的耐热性能,但对其力学性能没有造成伤害.     

导电油墨制备技术及应用进展

从复合导电油墨的组成、分类及其特点等方面,说明了复合导电油墨的应用优势;从复合导电油墨导电机理、制备技术、应用领域等方面的分析可以看出,复合导电油墨目前国内外的研究主要集中在超细金属填料制备、基体支撑聚合物低温固化条件以及填料与基体之间复合对导电性能的影响等方面.由于该类材料兼有低温粘接和导电性能,必将成为未来印制电子技术中的关键材料.     

壳聚糖/聚乙烯醇复合纳米导电纤维的制备及性能表征

以壳聚糖(CS)、聚乙烯醇(PVA)和纳米石墨粉(G)为原料,利用静电纺丝技术分别制备了壳聚糖/聚乙烯醇共混纳米纤维及壳聚糖/聚乙烯醇/纳米石墨粉复合纳米纤维,采用原位聚合法在纤维表面聚合导电聚合物聚苯胺,得到具有优良导电性能的聚合CS/PVA和聚合CS/PVA/G复合纳米纤维。通过扫描镜、X射线衍射、红外光谱等测试手段对纤维的形貌和结构进行表征。结果表明,聚苯胺均匀包覆在经原位聚合的复合纳米纤维表面,提高了纤维的导电性能,纳米石墨粉与聚苯胺形成插入化合物进一步提高了纤维的导电性能。     

锆钛酸铅/聚苯胺/聚氨酯三元阻尼复合材料

为减少压电陶瓷/导电填料/聚合物阻尼复合材料中填料的含量,制备了锆钛酸铅(PZT)/聚苯胺/聚氨酯三元复合材料,其中,聚苯胺(PANI)通过原位聚合的方法包覆于压电陶瓷粒子的表面.采用FTIR,TGA,SEM、EDS研究了PANI包覆PZT的组成和形态.用DMA评价了复合材料的阻尼性能.结果表明,通过原位聚合的方法能够制备PANI包覆的PZT粉末;三元复合材料的阻尼性能与PANI的导电率有关,在一定的PANI导电率时达到最大,并且在任意导电率下均高于单一聚氨酯.用PANI包覆的压电陶瓷与聚合物复合,能够提高聚合物的阻尼性能.通过调整PANI的导电率,可以使材料的阻尼性能达到相应振动频率下的最大值.     

电磁屏蔽涂料制备的新进展

从导电填料的种类、复合工艺及其对涂料导电性能的影响等方面,综述了近五年来掺和型电磁屏蔽涂料制备的最新进展.金属、石墨和复合导电填料等都具有良好的导电性,尤以复合导电填料应用效果最好;原位插层复(聚)合法是制备电磁屏蔽材料的一种较新复合工艺,可获得低逾渗阀值和高导电率,具有良好的发展前景;同时,导电填料的用量、性状、分散效果以及分散助剂等对电磁屏蔽涂料的导电性能都有较大影响.     

原位复合材料研究进展

原位复合材料是一类新型的聚合物合金。本文从原位复合材料的历史发展过程,综述含柔性链节及刚性链液晶聚合物与各种热塑性聚合物原位复合的研究状况,着重阐述原位复合体系中相容性、微纤形成、流变性等基本问题,指出这一类材料的目前研究水平和发展趋势。     

聚合物基导电复合材料研究进展

本文介绍了聚合物基导电复合材料的种类、用途及导电机理。并对碳系填料填充聚合物基导电复合材料及金属系填料填充聚合物基导电复合材料的研究进展进行了综述 ,最后展望了聚合物基导电复合材料的发展趋势。     

原位聚合制备有机-无机复合材料的研究进展

综述了原位聚合有机-无机纳米材料的制备方法,其中包括聚合物与纳米SiO2的复合,聚合物与层状硅酸盐纳米材料的复合,聚合物与纳米TiO2复合以及聚合物与其它纳米粒子的复合等方面的研究进展;较详细介绍了其发展现况和存在的问题,并对制备方法进行了展望.     

TLCP/TP原位复合材料研究的新进展

综述了基于热致液晶聚合物／热塑性聚合物共混物的原位复合材料的最新进展,对原位复合材料的流变行为、相貌、力学性能及增容研究作了系统的阐述,并简单描述了原位复合材料的优点及发展前景     

高分子原位复合材料的研究进展

用热致液晶聚合物（ＴＬＣＰ）与热塑性塑料（ＴＰ）共混制备原位复合材料是增强高分子的重要途径。本文从ＴＬＣＰ／ＴＰ复合材料的流变性能、成型加工方法、ＴＬＣＰ对ＴＰ的增强机理以及复合材料的力学性能等方面对该类材料进行综述。分析了ＴＬＣＰ／ＴＰ复合材料的优势及存在的问题。     

UHMWPE/CNTs导电复合体系的电性能

制备了低逾渗值的超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)/多壁碳纳米管(CNTs)导电复合材料,CNTs分布于UHMWPE粒子的表面和界面处。研究了UHMWPE/CNTs复合材料的温度电阻行为,发现在基体熔点附近,电阻急剧增加,并达到一最大值,然后电阻开始下降,体现负温度电阻效应(NTC)。分析了复合材料电阻松弛时间的升温速率的依赖性,结果表明,升温速率越快,电阻的松弛时间越短。     

Formation of MgO and Mg–Zn intermetallics in an Mg-based composite by in situ reactions

The fabrication and microstructural characterization of an Mg-based metal matrix composite, which is reinforced by MgO ceramic and Mg–Zn intermetallics is described. The fabrication process involved the mixing and pressing of Mg and ZnO powders, and was followed by sintering of the green compact at a temperature below the melting point of Mg. The order of appearance of the in situ formed reinforcements, namely MgO and Zn–Mg eutectic, in the Mg matrix during sintering was investigated. Based on the Gibbs's free energy associated with each reaction, a model for the formation of this composite is postulated.     

Advances in fusion bonding techniques for joining thermoplastic matrix composites: a review

Joining composite materials is an issue because traditional joining technologies are not directly transferable to composite structures. Fusion bonding and the use of thermoplastic films as hot melt adhesives offer an alternative to mechanical fastening and thermosetting adhesive bonding. Fusion bonding technology which originated from the thermoplastic polymer industry has gain a new interest with the introduction of thermoplastic matrix composites (TPC) which are currently regarded as candidates for primary structures. The improvement of thermoplastic polymer matrices, with the introduction of recent chemistries such as PEEK, PEI and PEKEKK. exhibiting increased mechanical performance, service temperature and solvent resistance (for the semi-crystalline systems) also supported the growth of interest for fusion bonding. This review looks at the state of the art of fusion bonding technology and focuses particularly on the three most promising fusion bonding techniques: ultrasonic welding, induction welding and resistance welding. Physical mechanisms involved in the fusion bonding process for modelling purposes are discussed including heat transfer, consolidation and crystallinity aspects. Finally, the application of fusion bonding to joining dissimilar materials, namely thermosetting composites (TSC)/TPC and metal/TPC joints, is reviewed.     

Folding of Continuous Fibre Thermoplastic Composites

Thermoplastic composites with continuous fibres are attractive construction materials because of their good specific mechanical properties and their possibility to be processed very rapidly. An extremely fast processing method is folding of sheet material. Folding can be performed by local heating of a sheet along a line. Heating is done to a temperature, well above the softening or melting point of the thermoplastic polymer. Subsequent folding along the heated line requires very low forces. The folded geometry becomes permanent after cooling below the softening point of the polymer. Unfortunately, folding causes microbuckling of the reinforcing fibres at the compression side of the fold causing a severe reduction in the local strength. The present report describes a method for the folding of thermoplastic composites, which controls the direction of fibre microbuckling. The method results in a smaller strength reduction. The folding equipment is designed in such a way that microbuckling of the fibres occurs in a direction in the local plane of the sheet rather than being perpendicular to that plane. The result is a folded sheet with a reduction of about half of the original strength, as compared to a strength of only 15% of the original strength, which is typical for folds produced with more conventional means. In other words, the remaining strength is more then doubled using the new folding technology.     

Thermoplastic–epoxy interactions and their potential applications in joining composite structures – A review

This paper presents a literature survey on the theoretical backgrounds and the past research efforts in relation to the interactions between certain thermoplastics and epoxies, and their applications in polymer blending, epoxy toughening and composite joining. The main objectives are to understand the possible mechanisms of interfacial adhesion between thermoplastic and thermoset polymers, and also to explore the feasible approaches to improve interfacial adhesion for the purposes of joining fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) composite structures by fusion bonding. Further, it is expected that the review would provide some visions to the potential applications of the thermoplastic–thermoset interfacial interactions for the quick assembly of composite structures in cost-effective manufacturing of composite structures, through the uses of the technologies, such as thermoset composite fusion bonding, welding of thermoplastic composites with thermoset composites, and thermoplastic article attachment on thermoset composites.     

Mechanical and interfacial properties of wood and bio-based thermoplastic composite

The aim of this investigation was to study a new family of wood polymer composites with thermoplastic elastomer matrix (pebax® copolymers) instead of commonly used WPC matrices. These copolymers are polyether-b-amide thermoplastic elastomers which present an important elongation at break and a melting point below 200 °C to prevent wood fibers degradation during processing. Moreover these polymers are synthesized from renewable resources and they present a hydrophilic character which allow them to interact with wood fibers. We have used two pebax® grade with different hardness and three types of wood fibers, so the influence of the matrix and wood fibers characteristics were evaluated. Composites were produced using a laboratory-size twin screw extruder to obtain composite pellets prior to injection moulding into tensile test samples. We have evaluated fibers/matrix interaction by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), infrared spectroscopy (IRTF) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Then, the mechanical properties, through tensile test, were assessed. We also observed fibers dispersion into the matrix by tomography X. DSC, IRTF and SEM measurements confirmed the presence of strong interface interactions between polymer and wood. These interactions lead to good mechanical properties of the composites with a reinforcement effect of wood fibers due also to a good dispersion of fibers into the matrix without agglomerate.     

Mechanical Properties of Thermoplastic and Thermoset Composites Reinforced with 3D Biaxial Warp-knitted Fabrics

In this study, two types of thermoplastic matrices (low melting point polyethylene terephthalate (LPET) fiber and polypropylene (PP) fiber) and glass fiber/epoxy resin/multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were used to fabricate the thermoplastic and thermoset composite materials with 3D biaxial warp-knitted fabrics. Thermoplastic and thermoset composites were fabricated using hot-press and resin transfer molding (RTM) methods. The fabricated samples were tested with tensile and three-point flexural tests. In thermoplastic composites, samples in the 90° direction and LPET matrix showed the best tensile and flexural properties with an improvement of 39 and 21% tensile modulus and strength, 16 and 8% flexural modulus and strength compared to the PP samples in the same direction. In thermoset composites, samples in the 90° direction and MWCNTs showed the best improvement of the flexural modulus and strength with 97 and 58% compared to the samples without MWCNTs. This improvement can most likely be attributed to an increase in interfacial adhesion due to the presence of the carbon nanotubes.     

The characterization of low cost fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites produced by the DRIFT™ process

A new, low cost process for hot-melt impregnation of continuous reinforcing fibers with thermoplastic polymers is described. This technique can be used to fabricate various product forms including discontinuous, long-fiber products for compression molded parts, continuous fiber products for pultrusion, filament winding, and woven fabric applications. Mechanical data are presented for composites with various fiber and polymer combinations. Effects of fiber orientation and length on mechanical properties are discussed, and the effect of fiber–polymer bonding on impact strength and microstructure are shown. It is shown that the low cost and high performance achieved with this approach has the potential to expand applications of thermoplastic composite materials.