正压模式中的非线性波动

本文从非线性大气运动正压模式方程组出发,用我们所设计的将非线性项在平衡点附近作Taylor展开的方法,求得了非线性有限振幅的惯性-重力外波和有辐散的Rossby波,均满足著名的KdV方程,它的解为椭圆余弦波,它包含线性波动,在一定的条件下形成孤立波。对有限振幅的但有辐散的Rossby波,它包含线性的有辐散的Rossby波(即叶笃正波),而且建立了包含叶笃正公式在内的新的色散关系,它含有振幅因子。分析表明:对有限振幅的惯性-重力外波,振幅大、宽度大的波传播越快,但对有限振幅的有辐散的Rossby波,振幅大、宽度大的波传播越慢,阻塞、切断系统可能属于Rossby孤立波。     

弱耗散作用下非线性Rossby波的调制不稳定

本文使用WKB方法对弱耗散作用下基本气流具有弱切变的行星大气中非线性Rossby波进行了研究,得到了弱耗散的非线性Rossby波振幅所满足的复系数非线性Schrdinger方程,并分别就无耗散和弱耗散的Rossby波的边带稳定性问题进行了讨论,得到了一些新结果.     

切变基本纬向流中赤道Rossby包络孤立波

利用多重尺度摄动法，从描写赤道Rossby波的正压大气位涡度方程中推导出在切变基本纬向流中非线性赤道Rossby波包演变所满足的非线性Schrodinger方程，并得到其单个包络孤立子波解，分析基本流切变对非线性赤道Rossby波动的影响。     

纬向气流对地形Rossby波的影响

本文在半地转近似下,采用相平面方法讨论了纬向基本气流对线性和非线性地形Rossby波的稳定性及解的性质的影响。结果指出:线性和非线性稳定性判据形式一样,纬向气流及其切变对稳定性有明显影响;在非线性近似下,可形成孤立波槽和孤立波脊。     

特定外源下的非线性Rossby椭圆余弦波和孤立波

本文讨论了在特定外源的条件下正压无辐散大气中存在的非线性Rossby椭圆余弦波和孤立波解,并求出了非线性波动的波速公式及其振幅与其它波参数间的诊断关系.证明了当不考虑外源时非线性波动的波速公式在振幅趋于零时即退化为通常的线性化的Rossby长波公式.     

非线性正压Rossby波的精确解

本文从半地转近似下的正压大气运动方程组出发,导出了非线性正压Rossby波所精确满足的KdV方程,求得了椭圆余弦波解和孤立波解,并讨论了非线性波动的波速公式及其振幅与其它波参数间的关系。同时指出,在对大气模式进行数学简化时必须尽可能保证原模式所具有的一些守恒关系,否则有可能使原问题的解受到歪曲。     

层结大气中非线性椭圆余弦波和孤立波的研究

在前文采用半地转近似和行波法来研究层结大气中的非线性波动的基础上,进一步探讨非线性方程及其级数近似方程的解的稳定性,波动解的存在条件和波动的一些特征。研究指出,在平衡点附近,将非线性方程用其级数近似方程代替是可行的、合理的。在初始拟能满足一定的条件下,椭圆余弦波和孤立波是存在的。文中还求得了椭圆余弦波解的周期、ｘ向波长和振幅以及孤立波的宽度和振幅。并指出,孤立波的宽度和振幅不但与波速有关,还与β因子和层结稳定度有关,而且在相同的某条件下,西行的混合Ｒｏｓｓｂｙ－重力孤立波比起东行的惯性重力孤立波来,宽度要小但振幅却大。     

旋转正压大气中的非线性Schrdinger方程和大气阻塞

本文利用WKB方法导出了旋转正压大气中的非线性Rossby波所满足的立方Schrodinger方程,指出在1≤m≤2的情况下,非线性Schrodinger方程具有包络孤立波解,同时我们还对大气中的包络Rossby孤立波的流场进行了计算,结果得到了阻塞高压和切断低压等结构,并且这些阻塞系统能够维持五天以上。     

大气非线性波动方程的解

本文从非线性大气运动方程出发,用比较简洁的方法,求得了大气非线性惯性波、非线性重力内波和非线性Rossby波的周期解,这些解反映了非线性大气波动的特色。分析指出:对有限振幅的惯性波和重力内波,振幅大的波传播越快,而有限振福的非线性Rossby波,振幅大、波长长的波传播越慢;本文还分析了这些解的某些可能的实际意义。 这些非线性波的研究提供了解非线性方程的新的途径,而且,它可以与大家熟悉的线性波动进行比较。对于天气预报和大气湍流的研究都有一定的意义。     

弱频散条件下大气运动的非线性演变过程

研究非线性过程对大气运动影响的一个常用方法是在一定条件下,将大气运动力学方程化为一些熟知的典型非线性演变方程,再利用数学中已有的结果进行讨论。Long、Redekopp等从地转涡度方程出发,证明了迭加在带状切变气流中的长的Rossby波的演变可以用著名的Kdv方程来描述。此     

Algebraic rossby solitary wave and blocking in the atmosphere

In this paper, the atmosphere is divided into two regions which are governed by different equations. Furthermore, multiple-scale method is used to obtain the Benjamin-Ono equation satisfied by the nonlinear Rossby wave in weak shear zonal flow. The equation has algebraic solitary wave solution, and the stationary streamfunction fields in-ithe atmosphere are calculated by using numerical method, and the results demonstrate that the stationary solution is antisymmetric dipoles with the anticyclone north of the cyclone, and the structure is similar to the equivalent modon obtained by Mcwilliams (1980). Because the modon obtained here is an algebraic solitary wave, the modon may be called “algebraic modon”, and the stationary algebraic modon is consistent with observations of blocking pattern in the atmosphere.     

A numerical method for solving the evolution equation of solitary Rossby waves on a weak shear

In this paper an evolution equation in integral-differential form for finite amplitude Rossby waves on a weak shear is presented and an efficient method for its numerical solution is set up. It is shown that a propa-gation of solitary wave is possible whenever a proper weak shear in basic flows acts with the nonlinear effects and dispersion of the media, both in the atmosphere and in the ocean. To test the numerical method for solving the evolution equation, a series of experiments are carried out. The results indicate that the solitary solutions do exist and interact with each other in quite a succinct, manner. Therefore the method is successful and efficient for solving initial value problems of the above equation. The time decoupling problem arising in the numerical scheme and the related filtering technique are discussed. A variety of interesting phenomena such as the interaction of solitary Rossby waves, damping, dispersion and the development of nonlinear wave train are numerically studied.     

切变基流中赤道Rossby包络孤立波

A simple shallow-water model on an equatorialβ-plane is employed to investigate the nonlinear equatorial Rossby solitons in a mean zonal flow with meridional shear by the asymptotic method of multiple scales. The cubic nonlinear Schrodinger (NLS, for short) equation, satisfied for large amplitude equatorial envelope Rossby solitons in shear basic flow, is derived. The effects of basic flow shear on the nonlinear equatorial Rossby solitons are also analyzed.     

Nonlinear waves in barotropic model

In this paper, from the system of equation describing a barotropic atmosphere using the method of Taylor expansion for the nonlinear terms, the periodic solutions of the nonlinear inertio-surface gravity waves and Rossby waves have been obtained.The finite-amplitude nonlinear inertio-surface gravity waves and Rossby waves with horizontal divergence satisfy all the KdV equation. The solutions are all the cnoidal function, i, e, the cnoidal waves which in-clude the linear waves and form the solitary waves under certain conditions. For the finite-amplitude Rossby waves with horizontal divergence, we find the new dispersive relation including both the wave number and the amplitude parameter. In case of small amplitude it is reduced to the Yeh formula. It is shown that the larger the amplitude and width, the faster the finite-amplitude inertio-surface gravity waves and the slower the finite-amplitude Rossby waves with horizontal divergence propagate. The blocking or cut-off system in which the amplitude and width are large may be considered as Rossby solitary waves.     

层结流体中具有纬向基本剪切流的Rossby波振幅的mKdV方程

In this paper,modified Korteweg-de Vries (mKdV) equations for the amplitude of solitary Rossby waves in stratified fluids with a zonal shear flow are derived by using a weakly nonlinear method.It is found that the coefficients of mKdV equations depend not only on the β effect and the Visl-Brunt frequency,but also on the basic shear flow.     

Properties and stability of a meso-scale line-form disturbance

By using the 3D dynamic equations for small- and meso-scale disturbances, an investigation is performed on the heterotropic instability (including symmetric instability and traversal-type instability) of a zonal line-like disturbance moving at any angle with respect to basic flow, arriving at the following results: (1) with linear shear available, the heterotropic instability of the disturbance will occur only when flow shearing happens in the direction of the line-like disturbance movement or in the direction perpendicular to the disturbance movement, with the heterotropic instability showing the instability of the internal inertial gravity wave; (2) in the presence of second-order non-linear shear, the disturbance of the heterotropic instability includes internal inertial gravity and vortex Rossby waves. For the zonal line-form disturbance under study, the vortex Rossby wave has its source in the second-order shear of meridional basic wind speed in the flow and propagates unidirectionally with respect to the meridional basic flow. As a mesoscale heterotropic instable disturbance, the vortex Rossby wave has its origin from the second shear of the flow in the direction perpendicular to the line-form disturbance and is independent of the condition in the direction parallel to the flow; (3) for general zonal line-like disturbances, if the second-order shear happens in the meridional wind speed, i.e., the second shear of the flow in the direction perpendicular to the line-form disturbance, then the heterotropic instability of the disturbance is likely to be the instability of a mixed Rossby–internal inertial gravity wave; (4) the symmetric instability is actually the instability of the internal inertial gravity wave. The second-order shear in the flow represents an instable factor for a symmetric-type disturbance; (5) the instability of a traversal-type disturbance is the instability of the internal inertial gravity wave when the basic flow is constant or only linearly sheared. With a second or nonlinear vertical shear of the basic flow taken into account, the instability of a traversal-type disturbance may be the instability of a mixed vortex Rossby – gravity wave.     

大地形与正压Rossby孤立波——弱二次切变基本气流

基本气流的经向切变对Rossby孤立波的形成具有重要的作用,不同强度的切变形成不同的孤立波流型;可变坡度地形也是形成Rossby孤立波的重要因子。弱切变基本气流和坡度变化不大的地形形成的主要是经向波数为1和2的孤立波。     

Equatorial solitary waves Part 4. Kelvin solitons in a shear flow

It is shown that a mean flow with shear makes the Kelvin wave dispersive. This in turn modifies its nonlinear behavior and makes it necessary to replace the one-dimensional advection equation derived in an earlier work of the author's by the Korteweg-deVries equation instead. The frontogenesis predicted in the earlier paper will still occur, but the wave breaking will not. Instead, once a steep front has formed, it will disintegrate into a train of solitary waves. These then propagate towards the east at a faster-than-linear rate. It is also shown that Kelvin solitary waves will have much smaller zonal widths than Rossby solitons of the same height; “round” Kelvin solitary waves (equal zonal and latitudinal width) are to be expected, and are fully consistent with the small amplitude, weak dispersion theory. An interesting implication of the Korteweg-deVries model is that the peak signal from a nonlinear Kelvin wave packet may be roughly double that of a linear Kelvin wavetrain.