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调查原蚕人工饲育育五龄期逐日食下量及逐日消化量与蚕体重的相互关系.以其开始食下时的蚕体重,除逐日食下量和逐日消化量的值(食下指数和消化指数),是随着五龄经过几乎呈直线低下.这个倾向不管饲育密度,给桑量、饲育温度及饲料组成,虽有某程度的变动,也不管蚕体重有多少差异,甚至雌雄均可认出.无论在食下指数或消化指数与五龄经过之间,均能得到相关系数较高的回归直线式.即将五龄期食下量及消化量的变迁以单位体重来看,则初期最高,其后随成长而直线低下.并且由于依蚕体重为指标,于其后的食下量,就能进而知道适当正确的给饵量等,在实用上也是有效的. 相似文献
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本试验利用正交试验法,以50kg桑产茧、产茧量、全茧量、茧层率、食下率为指标,对五龄家蚕给桑量、饲育面积、日给桑次数三因素的组合进行了优化选择,得出200头秋蚕五龄期的给桑量2520g、饲育面积0.14m^2、日给桑次数2次的组合较佳。 相似文献
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提高蚕叶丝转化率研究综述 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6
叶丝转化率是蚕生理性状的综合表现,也是养蚕生产上重要的经济指标.蚕从桑叶摄取各种营养,用来建造蚕体,维持生命和生产丝物质.1条蚕从孵化到上族约食下鲜叶20~25g(干物4.7g左右),其中85%以上在第5龄食下,蚕体丝腺的极度长大和丝物质的大量生成,也在5龄期.现行蚕品种在5龄期大致每食下鲜叶10kg,产茧1.1kg、产丝0.20~0.26kg,叶茧转化率约为11%,叶丝转化率约在2.0~2.6%.即在不同条件下,蚕食下同样量的桑叶,消化吸收转化成丝的 相似文献
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对四川省农业科学院蚕业研究所育成的春秋兼用蚕品种川蚕23号进行了春秋季实验室和农村比较试验,实验室试养表明:川蚕23号属中等茧型,中丝量蚕品种,龄期经过短,健康好养。与对照品种871×872相比,5龄经过短27h,万头蚕产茧量、万头蚕茧层量分别低1.04%、2.91%,100kg桑产茧量提高8.58%;与夏芳×秋白比较,川蚕23号万头蚕产茧量、万头蚕茧层量、100kg桑产茧量分别提高4.31%、3.62%、3.70%;与洞庭×碧波比较,川蚕23号万头蚕产茧量、100kg桑产茧量分别提高1.27%、2.85%。农村试养表明:该蚕品种耐粗食能力强,食桑快、用桑少、上蔟涌、营茧快,特别为养蚕大户所欢迎,是1对适于全年多次省力化养蚕的优良蚕品种。 相似文献
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习惯上称蚕的四、五龄期为大蚕期。大蚕期食桑量大,绢丝腺发达,呼吸量大,对高温多湿的抵抗力弱。因此,在饲养大蚕时要根据这些生理特点,改善其饲育环境,促使其充分饱食,达到蚕大茧重丝多的目的。现就大蚕饲养中的一些问题谈谈本人的看法。一、合理用叶大蚕期的饱食是增产蚕茧和丝量的关键。但大蚕期的食桑量大,约占整个龄期的95%以上,尤其是第五龄约占全龄的85%左右。因此在饲养大蚕中,要注意既要促使蚕儿饱食,又要节约用桑,做到合理用桑。我们曾对五龄期蚕儿食桑时间进行调查,在24小时内,16~20小时有叶与24小时 相似文献
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家蚕不同发育阶段对微粒子孢子的感染性研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
从蚁叠至5龄末期不同发育阶段,经口食下一定量的微粒子孢子,均可使蚕感染发病,发病率的高低与食下微粒子孢子数量呈正相关。同一龄期,起蚕比食桑24小时后的蚕对微粒子孢子的感染发病率高。蚕在1龄期食下大量的微粒子孢子,则全部在幼虫期发病死亡,无结茧个体;食下量较少可结茧化蛾,但蛾的微粒子孢子检出率可高达71.43~100%。4龄后期至5龄末期(5龄6足天)食下微粒子孢子虽在幼虫期内不发病死亡,能结茧,但在死蛹和蛾中微粒子孢子检出率均较高。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒R株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离MG,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离MG。结果表明,人工感染48小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,96小时气囊已被感染,120小时输卵管已能分离到MG,卵巢始终分离不到MG。人工感染鸡自144小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出MG。药物治疗能在72小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需24天后逐渐降低蛋内MG分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内MG,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献