Mg-Al合金微弧氧化陶瓷膜表面镀Ni层的生长过程及表征

研究镀Ni层相组成和微观结构,分析Mg-Al合金微弧氧化陶瓷膜表面化学镀Ni层的形成过程。结果表明,化学镀时间为1~20 min时,镀层厚度增长速度较快,20 min后,镀层厚度增长速度逐渐减缓。多孔陶瓷膜表面首先沉积一层尺寸为几微米的Ni颗粒,微小颗粒团聚长大逐渐形成直径十几微米的胞状体结构。相比于多孔陶瓷膜,化学镀Ni后,试样的腐蚀电位正移105 m V,腐蚀电流大幅度下降,耐蚀性提高。     

非贵金属活化预处理化学镀Ni包覆TiC陶瓷粉体的研究

采用非贵金属活化预处理对TiC陶瓷粉体进行化学镀前处理,预处理后通过常温超声波辅助化学镀方法成功制备了Ni包覆TiC陶瓷粉体,通过场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)和能谱(EDS)研究分析了原始TiC粉体、非贵金属活化预处理后TiC粉体和Ni包覆TiC粉体表面形貌,探讨了化学镀Ni包覆TiC陶瓷粉体的生长机理.结果表明:非贵金属活化预处理后TiC陶瓷粉体表面出现了大量的缺陷(台阶),化学镀Ni包覆TiC陶瓷粉体表面Ni层覆盖完整、致密均匀;Ni颗粒的形核、长大和聚集的过程为:化学镀溶液中的反应物在TiC表面缺陷上吸附,发生氧化-还原反应沉积出Ni颗粒;Ni颗粒依附“线条状”突起以“线型”方式长大、弯曲、分叉和聚集,而后缠绕成“胞状”结构,犹如“缠毛线团”.“胞状”结构Ni颗粒不断长大聚集,最后成膜.     

高硅SiC_p/Al复合材料化学镀Ni-P合金层及其生长动力学（英文）

经Sn/Pd活化后,在SiC体积分数为65%的SiC_p/Al复合材料表面化学镀Ni-P合金,研究复合材料表面形貌及其对Ni-P沉积过程的影响,以及Ni和P原子间的结合方式。结果表明,Sn/Pd活化点分布不均导致Ni-P颗粒优先沉积在Al合金和粗糙的SiC表面以及腐蚀孔洞中,Ni-P合金膜具有非晶结构,其中Ni原子和P原子间依靠化学键结合。在形成连续的Ni-P合金膜之后,化学镀Ni-P合金不再受SiC_p/Al复合材料表面形貌及特性的影响,而是受化学镀本身控制,Ni-P合金膜遵循线性生长动力学,其活化能为68.44 k J/mol。     

低碳钢表面化学镀Ni-Zn-P合金镀层的沉积行为及沉积机理

目的通过研究低碳钢表面碱性化学镀Ni-Zn-P合金镀层的沉积行为及其沉积机理,对化学镀Ni-Zn-P有进一步认识。方法采用碱性化学镀方法,改变施镀时间在低碳钢表面化学镀Ni-Zn-P合金镀层。使用扫描电镜观察合金镀层的表面和断面形貌,用电子能谱仪分析镀层表面和断面成分。结果化学镀Ni-Zn-P合金镀层的形成过程是:固液界面形成原子团→原子团在能量较高的地方择优沉积→原子团累积生长→向周围延伸扩展→覆盖整个机体→形成完整镀层→均匀叠加生长。试样表面成分检测表明,施镀1~3 s内表面出现Ni元素,Ni质量分数在3 min时达到最大值75.93%,此后维持相对稳定;施镀1 min时表面出现P,P质量分数随施镀时间延长而逐渐增加,在30 min时达到最大值12.03%,此后维持相对稳定;施镀5 min时表面出现Zn,随着施镀时间的延长,Zn沉积量变化不大。表面和断面成分分析表明,化学镀Ni-Zn-P合金镀层的沉积过程不是Ni,Zn,P三种元素同时沉积,而是Ni优先沉积,然后Ni和P共沉积,最后Ni,Zn,P三种元素共同沉积。根据能斯特方程算得沉积电位E_(Ni~2+/Ni)=-0.337 V,E_(Zn~2+/Zn)=-0.906 V,两者的沉积电位相差较大,说明该化学镀条件下不能发生合金共沉积。结论推测化学镀Ni-Zn-P合金镀层是催化诱导还原反应沉积机理,即在镍还原诱导下引发的Zn共沉积。     

SiO 2基底上化学镀Ni-Mo-P薄膜的生长和形成机理

采用化学镀方法在SiO2/Si 基底上制备Cu互联线用阻挡层材料Ni-Mo-P薄膜。采用场发射扫描电子显微镜、电子分散能谱仪、原子力显微镜分析不同沉积时间样品的表面形貌和成分,并对Ni-Mo-P薄膜的形成过程进行研究。Ni-Mo-P薄膜的形成过程分为3个阶段：催化阶段,先前还原的Pd颗粒成为Ni还原的催化形核中心,诱导Ni沉积;覆盖阶段,Ni颗粒诱导Mo、P与之进行共沉积;自生长阶段,Ni-Mo-P薄膜共同沉积,颗粒生长。阐述了还原剂被氧化后产物为3-4PO 的的反应机理。     

压铸镁合金化学镀Ni-P的沉积过程

通过扫描电镜和GDA辉光放电光谱分析仪等手段，研究了压铸镁合金化学镀Ni-P的沉积过程，结果表明镁合金化学镀的前处理使基材表面呈现孔洞结构，活化形成比较平整的疏松网孔状MgF2和AIF3层：镁合金化学镀Ni-P的初始沉积过程，首先是Ni的还原析出，并不含P；随着Ni形核数量的增多和长大，有自催化能力的Ni层产生，镍磷共沉积开始：镀层中存在铬化物、氟化物与镀液成分以及Ni的混杂层。     

镍包覆氧化铝增强铁基复合材料的界面行为及其耐磨性

采用化学沉积法在Al2O3表面制备了Ni镀层,将所制得的Ni包覆Al2O3颗粒(Al2O3P@Ni)作为铁基体的增强颗粒,采用SPS法制备了镀镍氧化铝增强铁基复合材料(Al2O3p@Ni/Fe).通过优化化学镀工艺,使得Al2O3表面被Ni层均匀覆盖.Ni镀层呈典型的花椰菜状结构,尺寸为1～4 ～μm,施镀过程中镍首先...     

化学镀Ni—P合金

技术特点：非晶镀Ni—P合金通称为化学镀Ni—P合金．是近些年发展起来的一种表面处理技术。它利用镀液的自催化反应，无需通电即可在金属表面或非金属表面上沉积一层Ni—P合金。这种镀层致密、孔隙少，镀层结构为非晶状态．具有很好的耐蚀性。在某些介质中的抗蚀性优于不锈钢，     

铝表面预镀镍工艺的研究

研究了铝化学镀Ni－P前表面预镀镍的工艺。试验结果表明．经过预镀镍处理后,铝表面可获得镍沉积的催化表面．有效防止了在化学镀Ni－P槽液中置换反应的发生。文中指出,为了保证镀层与基体之间有良好的结合强度,并防止预镀镍溶液内出现氢氧化镍沉淀,预镀镍溶液内络合剂摩尔浓度应等于或略大于镍离子摩尔浓度的10倍．pH值必须控制在10～11之间。     

钨铜合金化学镀镍磷镀层在NaCI溶液中的腐蚀行为

采用化学沉积的方法在W—Cu粉末合金上成功地实现了化学镀Ni—P镀层,镀层表面光滑、致密,在结构上属于非晶态;经过25d的3．5mass％NaCI溶液浸泡研究表明：在浸泡的前16d中,化学镀Ni—P镀层的腐蚀速率逐渐增大,在16d之后腐蚀倾向有所降低;通过腐蚀失重实验得到Ni—P镀层的腐蚀失重小于W—Cu合金,说明化学镀Ni—P镀层可以对W—Cu合金起到保护作用。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.