金盐生产新技术

介绍生产盐的方法并与最新生产技术－－控制电位合成法进行了比较。该新技术产品质量好纯度高，生产效率高，能耗低，设备投资小，生产周期短，管理方便。阐明了该方法的主要生产设备及所需投资，简单分析了镀金厂生产金盐自用的可能性。     

汽车发动机机架模具设计

分析了汽车用发动机机架的结构特点及要求，用注压机生产发动机机架，实现了产品硫化的全自动生产。介绍注压模具的结构设计、操作过程，用此方法生产发动机机架，提高了生产效率，保证了产品质量，降低了工人的劳动强度。     

工业聚烯烃牌号调度生产中的柔性研究

讨论了聚烯烃生产企业接受订单前，在完成订单所需生产时间及生产经济性进行分析的基础上，以生产利润最大化为优化目标，提出了一个以订单为基础的调度决策模型，同时对牌号生产顺序进行优化，为企业柔性生产提供了决策依据。     

巯基乙酸生产方法及发展前景

文章介绍了国内巯基乙酸的生产方法及其发展前景，对一些生产方法进行了比较，提出应加大生产的开发力度，提高产品质量，扩大生产规模。     

柔性生产系统在轮胎生产中的应用

简要介绍了柔性生产系统的主要内容，并根据轮胎生产经营流程的特点，介绍了柔性生产系统在轮胎生产中的应用。认为可以利用柔性生产系统增加轮胎生产的灵活性，提高生产效率、设备利用率，缩短生产周期，以满足多品种、小批量的生产方式。同时对设备负荷平衡及信息收集和控制、硬件建设、软件开发、数据基础、人员素质等方面提出了自己的建议。     

化工厂生产方案优化的数学模型及应用

文章说明了在化工生产经营过程中推广运筹方法，建立生产方案优化的数学模型的意义，对化工生产过程做了系统分析，介绍了建立数字模型的优化生产方法，并以某中型化工厂为例比较了最佳生产方案。     

关于橡胶粉生产设备问题

文章从国外引进的胶粉生产设备，国内胶粉生产设备的开发，国产胶粉生产设备的技术状况，分析了国内胶粉生产设备的现状，指出胶粉生产设备的存在的问题，文章最后预测了精细胶粉的市场前景。     

浅谈煤化工企业冬季安全生产

煤化工企业的生产过程普遍存在工艺流程线路长，控制复杂，工序多，操作难度大的特点。冬季环境温度较低时组织生产，就增加了操作控制的难度，产生了季节性的安全生产隐患，容易导致人身伤害事故和生产、设备安全事故，针对煤化工企业冬季安全生产的特点，提出了冬季生产的具体安全管理措施，即加强生产组织管理、加强防火防爆防滑等日常管理、加强设备防冻管理、加强防中毒及意外伤害管理。     

乙苯生产技术及催化剂研究进展

介绍了乙苯生产的市场需要及乙苯生产技术的发展现状，重点阐述了国内外乙苯生产技术和催化剂的研究进展，归纳了工艺生产路线及优缺点，对乙苯生产技术未来的研究方向提出了几点建议。     

陶瓷生产企业的安全生产及其管理

分析了陶瓷生产企业安全生产及其管理的重要性和影响安全生产及其管理的基本因素，并详细地论述了加强安全生产及其管理的保证措施。陶瓷生产企业员工，只有树立“安全第一，预防为主”的安全生产观念，使安全生产成为企业员工工作和生活的“第一需要”，才能最大限度地减少或杜绝安全生产事故的发生，从而提高陶瓷生产企业的经济效益。     

Confocal microscope—A valuable tool for examining wood-coating interface

The suitability of confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) in examining a wood-coating interface was evaluated using a clear coating system. A comparison of the images of the wood-clear coating interface obtained using CLSM and light microscopy (LM) showed a marked superiority of CLSM in revealing the details of the physical nature of the interaction between the clear coating and the wood cell walls in the surface layer. The most distinct advantage of CLSM was in its ability to clearly resolve penetration of the coating into very fine cracks in cell walls, details not obtainable with LM. The information presented here demonstrates that CLSM has the potential to greatly enhance our understanding of the physical aspects of an interaction between the wood and coating at the interface.     

Failure of tannic acid to inhibit digestion or reduce digestibility of plant protein in gut fluids of insect herbivores

The rate of hydrolysis of the abundant foliar protein, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBPC), in enzymatically active gut fluid ofManduca sexta larvae is very rapid and is unaffected by the presence of tannic acid, even when tannic acid is present in the incubation mixture in amounts in excess of the amount of RuBPC. When this protein is dissolved in the denatured gut fluids ofM. sexta larvae orSchistocerca gregaria nymphs, large amounts of tannic acid must be added to bring about the precipitation of significant quantities of protein. The ability of insect gut fluid to prevent the formation of insoluble tannin-protein complexes is due to the presence of surfactants. On the basis of our results and a review of the findings of other investigators, we argue that there is no evidence that tannins reduce the nutritional value of an insect's food by inhibiting digestive enzymes or by reducing the digestibility of ingested proteins and, further, that the failure of tannins to interfere with digestion is readily explained on the basis of well-documented characteristics of the digestive systems of herbivorous insects. In challenging the currently popular notion that tannins are digestibility-reducing substances, we do not challenge the general utility of either the apparency theory or resource availability theory of plant defense. In debating the merits of these two analyses of plant-herbivore interactions, however, the demise of tannins as all-purpose, dose-dependent, digestibility-reducing defensive substances must be taken into account.     

机制砂岩性与级配对混凝土抗硫酸盐侵蚀性能的影响

为了探究不同岩性、不同级配机制砂对混凝土性能的影响,对三种不同岩性机制砂混凝土及天然河砂混凝土的工作性和抗压强度进行研究。此外,对比分析了四种混凝土在干湿循环制度下的抗硫酸盐侵蚀性能。结果表明,天然河砂混凝土的工作性优于机制砂混凝土,钙质机制砂混凝土的工作性略好于硅质机制砂混凝土。机制砂混凝土的抗压强度优于天然河砂混凝土,在硫酸盐侵蚀循环作用下的力学性能变化趋势与天然河砂混凝土基本一致。在相同级配条件下,机制砂混凝土的抗蚀系数高于天然河砂混凝土;机制砂岩性并不会对混凝土抗硫酸盐侵蚀性能带来负面影响。级配良好的机制砂可以增强混凝土抗压强度和抗硫酸盐侵蚀性能。     

Functional properties of proteins in foods

The measurement of functionality of protein food ingredients has developed somewhat haphazardly, probably due to the wide range of proteins used as ingredients and the diversity of foods. Studies of the physiochemical properties of proteins should enable prediction of a proteins response to process environments and prove more fruitful than many of the empirical measurements of functionality. The effects of pH, salt type and concentration on the phase behaviour of the oilseed globulin and arachin, demonstrates the complexity of protein solubility and the inadequacies of simple tests that have arisen. Studies of the effects of salts and conditioning on meat fibres, coupled with measurement of the location of water in pellets from water holding tests enable the latter to be applied with increased confidence. Comparison of the endothermic transitions observed on heating with the development of storage and loss moduli allow the contributions of domains of skeletal muscle myosin to gel structure to be investigated.     

聚氨酯涂覆胶辊的研制

本文论述了彩色金属薄板生产用聚氨酯涂覆胶辊材料的合成原料选择、配方设计和工艺路线、以及力学性能和溶胀性能等．从测试数据看出．与美国进口样品相比．其力学性能和溶胀性能普遍优于后者。     

Factors affecting levels of some phenolic compounds,digestibility, and nitrogen content of the mature leaves ofBarteria fistulosa (Passifloraceae)

Levels of total phenolics, condensed tannins, acid detergent fiber, pepsin/cellulase digestibility, and nitrogen in mature leaves of 26 individuals of the ant-plant,Barteria fistulosa, have been determined. Analysis of the results in terms of the presence or absence of ants and the position of the branch from which the leaves were collected showed no relationship with concentrations of phenolics or fiber and only a weak relationship with digestibility and nitrogen. By contrast, light intensity strongly influenced levels of phenolics, notably condensed tannins, so that mature leaves of individuals growing in direct sunlight were less digestible and appeared to be of lower quality as food for herbivores than did mature leaves of individuals in shaded positions. Possible reasons for the variation in condensed tannin levels are discussed.     

Effect of some floral scents on host finding by thrips (Insecta: Thysanoptera)

The role of floral scents in host location by flower-dwelling thrips is investigated by experiment in the field. The scent of anisaldehyde significantly increased the catches of seven species of flower-dwelling thripid, but had no significant effect on three species of cereal thripid and one species of flower-dwelling aeolothripid. The catches of white (without UV) traps were increased by a factor of 3.3 to 8.3 in the presence of the scent.     

Aggregation pheromone system of adult gregarious desert locust schistocerca gregaria (forskal)

Six electrophysiologically active aromatic compounds, viz., anisole, benzaldehyde, veratrole, guaiacol, phenylacetonitrile, and phenol, were identified in the volatiles of older-adult male desert locust. Young adults and females of all age groups produced none or only trace quantities of these compounds. Comparison of the aggregation responses of young and older adults to the crude, older-adult, volatile extract and different synthetic blends of the six compounds showed that the aggregation pheromone system of the adult gregarious locust consists of phenylacetonitrile, guaiacol, phenol, and benzaldehyde. Like the crude volatile extract of older males, neither the synthetic blend of the six compounds nor the adult pheromone blend evoked any significant aggregation responses from nymphs. These results confirm our previous report of sexual differentiation in the production of adult aggregation pheromone in the desert locust and of the evidence of two distinct aggregation pheromone systems in the two stages of the insect.     

Measured kinetics of the acid-catalysed hydrolysis of sugar cane bagasse to produce xylose

Experimental trials of the water hydrolysis of bagasse to produce xylose, arabinose and glucose were conducted using a temperature-controlled microwave digester. The experimental variables were temperature, ratio of water mass to bagasse mass, type of bagasse material and reaction time. The pH of the liquid and concentration of dissolved xylose, arabinose and glucose were measured at the completion of each trial. Kinetic modelling of the global rates of formation of monosaccharide products was performed using schemes based on earlier researchers’ models of acid hydrolysis using mineral acids. For the most plentiful product, xylose, the most accurate kinetic model of the global reactions was determined to be two parallel pathways for hydrolysis of xylan to xylose followed by a single pathway for xylose decomposition. The calculated activation energies of the reactions were within the range reported by other researchers for the hydrolysis of a range of lignocellulosic materials using mineral acids.